Lung function adjusted for body length and gestational age in male (black) and female (gray) premature infants.

<p>Data are represented as the mean (+SD). Sixty-six (35 female) were exposed to HCA (combined Grade 1 and Grade 2) and 29 not exposed to HCA (17 female). There was a significant sex by HCA interaction for FEF₅₀ (F = 8.76; p = 0.004), FEF_25–75 (F = 8.11; p = 0.005) and FEV_0.5 (F = 4.81; p = 0.031). Post hoc analyses revealed a significant reduction in lung function in exposed female preterm infants when compared to females not exposed to HCA. The effect of exposure to HCA was not significant in males. *<i>p</i><0.05, **<i>p</i><0.01 (Post hoc Holm-Sidak test).</p

Lung function values, stratified by sex and chorioamnionitis.

<p>Lung function, Weight/age, and Length/age expressed in Z scores. Data are mean±SD.</p>*<p>p<0.05; **p<0.01; for Mann-Whitney Test for continuous variables between male versus female preterm infants and between None versus HCA Grade 1 and HCA Grade 2 combined.</p>#<p>p<0.05 for Jonckheere–Terpstra trend test for continuous variables between None, HCA Grade 1 and HCA Grade 2.</p

Lung function variables, expressed as mean z-score by HCA level in premature infants.

<p>*<i>p</i><0.05 for Jonckheere–Terpstra trend test.</p