Meeting of powerful women: social occupational therapy intervention strategy with informal caregivers of people with intellectual disabilities

Objective: This paper analyzes the experience of a group called “Meeting of Powerful Women” developed by occupational therapists in a Service for Coexistence and Strengthening of Bonds of Basic Social Protection of the Unified Social Assistance System, with women who are informal caregivers of people with intellectual disabilities. Method: This is a retrospective, exploratory and descriptive study, based on document analysis of the group participants' reports, where consultations were carried out with diverse sources such as reports developed during the interventions, image bank and field diaries of the analysis. The data were interpreted through the theoretical and methodological assumptions of Social Occupational Therapy. Results: The interventions, through conversation rounds, thematic activity workshops and a photo essay, promoted a space for reflection and exercise of female protagonism and the strengthening of the support network and social participation. Gender themes were addressed based on the participants' daily life and experiences, such as: overload, sexism, sociocultural beliefs, sexuality and objectification of the female body. Conclusions: The group facilitated the strengthening of bonds and the creation of social support networks and the (re)construction of life projects that valued other occupational roles, favoring the deconstruction of the strict figure of woman-mother-caregiver

Pandemia, desigualdade social e necropolítica no Brasil: reflexões a partir da terapia ocupacional social/Pandemic, social inequality and necropolitics in Brazil: reflections from social occupational therapy

A pandemia provocada pela CoVid-19 tem se expandido e levado à uma grave crise mundial. A partir do contexto brasileiro, este ensaio objetiva reunir, sob a perspectiva da terapia ocupacional social, reflexões sobre essa pandemia com foco nas questões socioeconômicas e políticas. Concluímos que os impactos dessa crise possuem a marca da desigualdade, uma vez que expõem a população mais pobre a maiores riscos de contaminação e à intensificação das vulnerabilidades sociais. O Estado brasileiro tem empreendido uma necropolítica, que pouco responde às demandas desses grupos populacionais e imputa à classe trabalhadora uma conta que é estrutural do capitalismo. AbstractThe pandemic caused by CoVid-19 has been expanding and leading to a serious global crisis. From the Brazilian context, this essay aims to gather, from the perspective of social occupational therapy, reflections on this pandemic with a focus on socioeconomic and political issues. We conclude that the impacts of this crisis have the mark of inequality, since it exposes the poorest population to greater risks of contamination and to the intensification of social vulnerabilities. The Brazilian State has undertaken a necropolitics, which produces few responses to the demands of these population groups and charges the working class with a bill that is structural of capitalism.Keywords: Pandemics, social inequality, occupational therapy.ResumenLa pandemia causada por CoVid-19 se ha expandido y ha llevado a una grave crisis mundial. Desde el contexto brasileño, este ensayo tiene como objetivo reunir, desde la perspectiva de la terapia ocupacional social, reflexiones sobre esta pandemia con un enfoque en temas socioeconómicos y políticos. Llegamos a la conclusión de que los impactos de esta crisis llevan la marca de la desigualdad, ya que exponen a la población más pobre a mayores riesgos de contaminación y a la intensificación de las vulnerabilidades sociales. El Estado brasileño ha emprendido una necropolítica, que responde poco a las demandas de estos grupos de población y carga a la clase trabajadora con una cuenta que es estructural del capitalismo.Palabras clave: Pandemia, desigualdad social, terapia ocupacional. 

Youths within cultures: itineraries and perspectives of the young Guarani among the village Boa Vista and the city of Ubatuba

O estudo propôs conhecer as relações dos jovens Guarani com a comunidade da aldeia Boa Vista e a cidade de Ubatuba. O trabalho de campo e análises foram realizadas com 12 jovens entre 13 e 29 anos que participaram como colaboradores. As principais temáticas foram no campo da educação e saúde; além dos estudos das histórias de vida compostas nos eixos entre cidade/ aldeia relativos aos itinerários dos jovens, suas redes sociais e perspectivas futuras. Na saúde verificamos as tensões existentes nas relações de poder entre o conhecimento técnico-científico e os procedimentos Guarani de saúde. E na educação, o aprendizado e domínio do português aparecem como essenciais nas relações sociais interculturais, isto é, para o diálogo e negociações com outras culturasThis study intended to deepen the knowledge of the relationship of Guarani youths with the community of Boa Vista village and the city of Ubatuba (SP). Field work and analysis were performed with twelve 13- and 29-year old youngsters, in which they took part as collaborators. The main themes focus in the field of Education, Health and also studies of Composed Life History within the axis of the city-village related to the youths\' itineraries, their social nets and of their future perspectives. In the Health issue, we witnessed the existence of tensions between the power of the technical-scientific knowledge and the procedures undertaken within the Guaranis own Health approach. In the Education issue, the fact of having fluency, learning and dominating the Portuguese language seems as an essential part of their social relationship with Brazilian society, because of the need to negotiate and dialog with other culture

Social Occupational Therapy in the care of the elderly: life history and production of meanings

This paper addresses the experience report of accompanying an elderly woman attended by the Specialized Home Care Service (SEAD) of the social assistance network of the municipality of Vitoria, Espirito Santo state, Brazil. Through the Social Assistance Specialized Reference Center (CREAS), SEAD is offered to people with disabilities and older people with some degree of dependency and under situation of violation of human rights, as well as to their caregivers and family. In order to contextualize the experience, we intend to explain this specialized service and its particularities with regard to the General Social Assistance Service (SUAS), the National Social Assistance Policy (PNAS), and the state of Espirito Santo - pioneer in its implementation at national level. Also, the debate on the role of Occupational Therapy in this service will be studied more comprehensively in an attempt to address and discuss the methodologies and interventions used by this professional area in this case study, contributing to the literature dedicated to Social Occupational Therapy

Forming insights: assessment of the occupational therapy practice in a cultural context from experience with indigenous people

This article is the result of a reflection process on the issue of occupational therapy and culture through analysis of practical experiences of a extension project. It aimed to increase knowledge and reflections of occupational therapy and its technical actions in cultural contexts from the perspective of ethnicity issues. It is a documental and qualitative research was aiming to report the experience of students and an occupational therapist, obtained through their written reports between 2012 and 2014. Data were analyzed using the categorizations proposed by Bardin. The categories of analysis found are related to technical activities in occupational therapy, namely: cultural and ethnic action. The results showed that, in the experiences with the Guarani community, there are already significant and consolidated actions of occupational therapy in cultural contexts. The technical actions already performed confirm the relevance of the occupational therapist role in the cultural context and in the ethnicity context. These practices are, in turn, relevant for the production of knowledge, the theoretical and methodological scope and professional training in social and cultural contexts of occupational therapy. It is emphasized that technical procedures coherent with the ethnicity issues in a joint relationship, articulated by cultural mediation, can strengthen human doings and identity claims

Involvement of Th1Th17 Cell Subpopulations in the Immune Responses of Mothers Who Gave Birth to Children with Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS)

High levels of T helper 17 cell (Th17)-related cytokines have been shown in acute Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. We hypothesized that the high levels of Th17-related cytokines, associated with a regulatory environment during pregnancy, create a favorable milieu for the differentiation of CD4+Th17 cells. We present data from a cross-sectional study on mothers who confirmed ZIKV infection by qRT-PCR and their children. We also recruited non-pregnant women infected with ZIKV in the same period. ZIKV infection occurred between 2015 and 2017. We collected samples for this study between 2018 and 2019, years after the initial infection. We highlight that, after in vitro stimulation with ZIKV CD4 megapool (ZIKV MP), we found a lower frequency of IL-17-producing CD4+ T cells (Th17), especially in the mothers, confirmed by the decrease in IL-17 production in the supernatant. However, a higher frequency of CD4+ IL-17+ IFN-γ+ T cells (Th1Th17) responding to the ZIKV MP was observed in the cells of the mothers and children but not in those of the non-pregnant women. Our data indicate that the priming of CD4 T cells of the Th1Th17 phenotype occurred preferentially in the mothers who gave birth to children with CZS and in the children

Evaluation of the Expression of CCR5 and CX3CR1 Receptors and Correlation with the Functionality of T Cells in Women infected with ZIKV during Pregnancy

There have been reports of neurological abnormalities associated with the Zika virus (ZIKV), such as congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) in children born to mothers infected during pregnancy. We investigated how the immune response to ZIKV during pregnancy is primed and conduct a thorough evaluation of the inflammatory and cytotoxic profiles as well as the expression of CCR5 and CX3CR1. We compared the reactivity of T cells to ZIKV peptides in convalescent mothers infected during pregnancy. The child’s clinical outcome (i.e., born with or without CZS) was taken to be the variable. The cells were stimulated in vitro with ZIKV peptides and evaluated using the ELISPOT and flow cytometry assays. After in vitro stimulation with ZIKV peptides, we observed a tendency toward a higher Interferon gamma (IFN-γ)-producing T cell responses in mothers who had asymptomatic children and a higher CD107a expression in T cells in mothers who had children with CZS. We found a higher frequency of T cells expressing CD107a+ and co-expressing CX3CR1+CCR5+, which is much clearer in the T cells of mothers who had CZS children. We suggest that this differential profile influenced the clinical outcome of babies. These data need to be further investigated, including the evaluation of other ZIKV peptides and markers and functional assays

Evaluation of the Expression of CCR5 and CX3CR1 Receptors and Correlation with the Functionality of T Cells in Women infected with ZIKV during Pregnancy

There have been reports of neurological abnormalities associated with the Zika virus (ZIKV), such as congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) in children born to mothers infected during pregnancy. We investigated how the immune response to ZIKV during pregnancy is primed and conduct a thorough evaluation of the inflammatory and cytotoxic profiles as well as the expression of CCR5 and CX3CR1. We compared the reactivity of T cells to ZIKV peptides in convalescent mothers infected during pregnancy. The child’s clinical outcome (i.e., born with or without CZS) was taken to be the variable. The cells were stimulated in vitro with ZIKV peptides and evaluated using the ELISPOT and flow cytometry assays. After in vitro stimulation with ZIKV peptides, we observed a tendency toward a higher Interferon gamma (IFN-γ)-producing T cell responses in mothers who had asymptomatic children and a higher CD107a expression in T cells in mothers who had children with CZS. We found a higher frequency of T cells expressing CD107a+ and co-expressing CX3CR1+CCR5+, which is much clearer in the T cells of mothers who had CZS children. We suggest that this differential profile influenced the clinical outcome of babies. These data need to be further investigated, including the evaluation of other ZIKV peptides and markers and functional assays

Assessment of the Accuracy, Usability and Acceptability of a Rapid Test for the Simultaneous Diagnosis of Syphilis and HIV Infection in a Real-Life Scenario in the Amazon Region, Brazil

We field-assessed the accuracy, acceptability, and feasibility of the SD BIOLINE HIV/Syphilis Duo rapid diagnostic test in three groups: pregnant women, female sex workers (FSW), and men who have sex with men (MSM). Venous blood samples collected in the field were compared with the respective gold standard methods: SD BIOLINE HIV/Syphilis Duo Treponemal Test versus FTA-abs (Wama brand) treponemal laboratory test for syphilis, and SD BIOLINE HIV/Syphilis Duo Test versus the fourth generation Genscreen Ultra HIV Ag-Ag (Bio-Rad brand) laboratory test for HIV. From a total of 529 participants, 397 (75.1%) were pregnant women, 76 (14.3%) FSW and 56 (10.6%) MSM. Sensitivity and specificity parameters of HIV were 100.0% (95% CI: 82.35–100.0%) and 100.0% (95% CI: 99.28–100.0%), respectively. Sensitivity and specificity parameters found for TP antibody detection were 95.00% (95% CI: 87.69–98.62%) and 100.0% (95% CI: 98.18–100.0%), respectively. The SD BIOLINE HIV/Syphilis Duo Test showed high acceptability among participants (85.87%) and health professionals (85.51%), as well as easy usability by professionals (91.06%). The usability of the SD BIOLINE HIV/Syphilis Duo Test kit would not be a barrier to accessing rapid testing, if the product were incorporated into the list of health service supplies

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2011: volume 3: tecnologias da informação e comunicação e material pedagógico

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP