Accessibility versus privacy: Turkish students’ evaluation criteria for the location of university counselling offices

AbstractThis paper addresses the role of the physical environment in facilitating or inhibiting the use of counselling services, by focusing on issues surrounding the choice of location. A questionnaire and interviews were used to survey university students’ views on the counselling office location on campus. Results revealed two conflicting criteria for the choice of location: accessibility and privacy. The third criterion that emerged was comfort. Alternative locations were evaluated accordingly, while ways to find a location that meets students’ privacy requirement without compromising accessibility are discussed. The importance of determining the location after considering students’ needs was emphasized

Environment and Career Choice of Female Students in the Communication and Information Technology

日本における理工系分野の女性研究者は，諸外国と比較して少ない。これまで，女子がなぜ理系を選択しないのかという研究や，教育機関を経たあとの女性のポストが少ないこと，ワークライフバランスの問題などの研究は多くなされてきた。しかし，理工系を選択した女子学生が，どのような生活環境におり進路選択をしていくのかという研究は乏しい。そこで本研究では，情報系分野を選択した女子学生の大学の環境と進路選択についてインタビュー調査を行った。その結果，ジェンダーによる困難性により進路を変更したというケースは見られなかったが，指導教員との関係など，理工系分野の女子学生にとって学びやすい環境とは何か，検討していく必要があると考えられる。Women are underrepresented in Science and Engineering in Japan. While a number of prior studies have investigated why young women are less likely to choose Science and Engineering as college majors, why women are less likely to be hired in university academic positions in science, and why they are more likely to experience conflict between work and personal life, little has been studied about under what socio-environmental conditions women in Science and Engineering make their career decisions. In this study, I interviewed female university students in Communication and Information Technology to explore in what ways social environments affect their career choices. Results show that while women’s career choices are unlikely to be affected by difficulties in gender relations at school, things such as advisor-advisee relations possibly influence their career decisions. It is suggested that we must carefully examine environments that facilitate the learning of young women in Science and Engineering

自己採取HPV検査導入による子宮頸がん検診受診の動機づけの可能性と検査の妥当性検証

学位の種別: 課程博士審査委員会委員 : （主査）東京大学准教授 春名 めぐみ, 東京大学教授 小林 廉毅, 東京大学教授 大須賀 穣, 東京大学准教授 李 延秀, 東京大学講師 成瀬 昴University of Tokyo(東京大学

In vivo anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of ellagitannin metabolite urolithin A

Urolithin A is a major metabolite produced by rats and humans after consumption of pomegranate juice or pure ellagitannin geraniin. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of urolithin A on carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice. The volume of paw edema was reduced at 1 h after oral administration of urolithin A. In addition, plasma in treated mice exhibited significant oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) scores with high plasma levels of the unconjugated form at 1 h after oral administration of urolithin A. These results indicate strong associations among plasma urolithin A levels, the plasma ORAC scores, and anti-inflammatory effects and may help explain a mechanism by which ellagitannins confer protection against inflammatory diseases

Long-Term Follow-Up of Autoimmune Pancreatitis: Characteristics of Chronic Disease and Recurrence

Autoimmune pancreatitis is a unique disease, characterized by lymphoplasmacytic inflammation in the acute stages. However, the active clinical features are unlikely to persist for long periods. Through long-term follow-up, we investigated the disease course in 51 patients with autoimmune pancreatitis. We found recurrence in 21 (41%) patients and pancreatic stone formation in 9 (18%) patients. Pancreatic stone formation was significantly more frequent in the recurrence group (7/21, 33%), compared with the nonrecurrence group (2/30, 7%). Moreover, we found high serum immunoglobulin G4 concentrations in 13 of 175 (7.4%) patients with ordinary chronic pancreatitis. This suggested that pancreatic stone formation is closely associated with recurrence and that autoimmune pancreatitis might transform into ordinary chronic pancreatitis after several recurrences. We found that the immune complex level, with a cutoff value of 10 mu g/dL, served as a good predictor of recurrence, with high sensitivity (61.9%), specificity (70.0%), and efficacy (66.7%). We also confirmed that HLA and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 polymorphisms were useful predictors for AIP recurrence.ArticleCLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGYjournal articl

Apoptotic Cell Death and p53 Expression in Leiomyosarcoma of Soft-Tissue Origin

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of soft-tissue origin was studied on the expression and the biological significance of apoptosis in relation to p53 oncoprotein. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed initially on the paraffin-embbeded sections taken from 29 surgical tissues (20 cases) including 9 recurrent/metastatic tumors. The results are as follows: A positive correlation was observed between the p53 indices (PIs) and the proliferative markers designated by Ki-67, PCNA and MCM2, both of which increased significantly in the high-grade malignant LMS much more than in the low-grade one (P < 0.001). Apoptotic cells were detected by the TUNEL method and evaluated as the apoptotic index (AI). A high AI-level was shown in the high-grade malignant LMS, especially in cases of the recurrent/metastatic sites in comparison with the tumors of the primary site (P < 0.05). The AI was statistically higher in the p53-positive cases of high-grade malignant LMS than in the p53-negative cases of low-grade malignant LMS. In conclusion, apoptotic activity paralleled the overexpression of p53 protein along with an increasing grade of malignancy and may be related intimately to the increased malignant potential, especially to recurrence/metastasis

Effect of high-fat diet on phosphorus absorption

Objective: Dietary carbohydrate/fat ratio may affect phosphorus metabolism because both calcium and phosphorus are regulated by similar metabolic mechanisms, and a high-fat diet (HF) induces deleterious effects on the absorption of dietary calcium. We hypothesized that the HF induces an increase in phosphorus absorption; therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of differences in the quantity and quality of dietary fat on phosphorus metabolism over the short and long term. Research Methods & Procedures: Eighteen 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed an isocaloric diet containing varied carbohydrate/fat energy ratio and sources of fat (control diet [Control], HF, and high saturated-fat diet [HF-SFA]). At 3 days and 7 weeks after the allocation and initiation of the test diets, feces and urine were collected and used for phosphorus and calcium measurement. Results: The fecal phosphorous concentration (F-Pi) was lower in the HF-SFA group than in the other two groups; however, the urine phosphorus concentration (U-Pi) was significantly higher in the HF-SFA group than the other two groups when the rats were fed over the short (p<0.01) and long term (p<0.01 vs Control group, p<0.05 vs HF group). There were no significant differences in type-IIa sodium-phosphate cotransporter (NaPi-2a) and type-IIc sodium-phosphate cotransporter (NaPi-2c) mRNA expression, which are renal phosphate transport-related genes; however, the expression of type-IIb sodium-phosphate cotransporter (NaPi-2b) and type-III sodium-phosphate cotransporter (Pit-1) mRNA in the duodenum was higher in the HF and HF-SFA groups than in the Control group (p<0.05), although there were no significant differences in these in the jejunum. Conclusions: Our results indicated that HF, particularly HF-SFA, increases intestinal phosphate absorption compared with Control