Prenatal lead (Pb) exposure is associated with differential placental DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in a human population

Prenatal lead (Pb) exposure is associated with adverse developmental outcomes and to epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in animal models and in newborn blood. Given the importance of the placenta in foetal development, we sought to examine how prenatal Pb exposure was associated with differential placental DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation and to identify affected biological pathways linked to developmental outcomes. Maternal (n = 167) and infant (n = 172) toenail and placenta (n = 115) samples for prenatal Pb exposure were obtained from participants in a US birth cohort, and methylation and hydroxymethylation data were quantified using the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip. An epigenome-wide association study was applied to identify differential methylation and hydroxymethylation associated with Pb exposure. Biological functions of the Pb-associated genes were determined by overrepresentation analysis through ConsensusPathDB. Prenatal Pb quantified from maternal toenail, infant toenail, and placenta was associated with 480, 27, and 2 differentially methylated sites (q < 0.05), respectively, with both increases and decreases associated with exposure. Alternatively, we identified 2, 1, and 14 differentially hydroxymethylated site(s) associated with maternal toenail, infant toenail, and placental Pb, respectively, with most showing increases in hydroxymethylation with exposure. Significantly overrepresented pathways amongst genes associated with differential methylation and hydroxymethylation (q < 0.10) included mechanisms pertaining to nervous system and organ development, calcium transport and regulation, and signalling activities. Our results suggest that both methylation and hydroxymethylation in the placenta can be variable based on Pb exposure and that the pathways impacted could affect placental function.</p

Additional file 1: of Maternal diet during pregnancy is related with the infant stool microbiome in a delivery mode-dependent manner

Contains supplemental tables (Tables S1–S16) and figures (Figures S1–S7). (PDF 3429 kb

Pedagogía social : revista interuniversitaria

Monográfico con el título "Recordando a Constancio Mínguez Álvarez. De la Pedagogía Social a la Educación Social"José García Molina habla sobre su experiencia como alumno, educador y profesor de Pedagogía Social. Reflexiona acerca de la evolución y situación actual de esta disciplina en España y sobre otros temas como la educación de adultos.ES

Additional file 3: of The aquaglyceroporin AQP9 contributes to the sex-specific effects of in utero arsenic exposure on placental gene expression

Expression of arsenic transport and metabolism genes does not appear to be different between male and female placenta. Boxplots comparing expression in male and female placenta of (A) AS3MT, (B) GSTM1, (C) AQP9, and (D) SLC39A2. Upper and lower ends of boxes indicate the 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively, and black band represents the median. Error bars represent minimum and maximum values, excluding outliers, which are depicted as open dots. P values are based on a Wilcoxon signed rank test. (PPTX 271 kb

Additional file 6: of The aquaglyceroporin AQP9 contributes to the sex-specific effects of in utero arsenic exposure on placental gene expression

Candidate gene associations with percentages of different urinary arsenic subtypes in male and female placenta. The percentages of iAs, MMAV, and DMAV in maternal urine were computed by dividing their urinary levels by total U-As levels. Multivariable linear regression analyses were then performed to determine the association of the percentage of arsenic subtype with developmental/stemness gene expression, after cohort stratification by infant sex (females; sheet 1, males; sheet 2). Analyses were adjusted for maternal age only. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. (XLSX 61 kb

El Diario de Pontevedra : periódico liberal: Ano XLIII Número 12545 - 1926 novembro 8

Flow of data collection. (PDF 91 kb

Additional file 8: Table S4. of Genome-wide DNA methylation at birth in relation to in utero arsenic exposure and the associated health in later life

CpG sites consistent between Taiwanese and Rojas et al. study. (XLSX 12 kb

Additional file 5: Table S1. of Genome-wide DNA methylation at birth in relation to in utero arsenic exposure and the associated health in later life

Cell proportions for 6 cell types. (XLSX 14 kb

Additional file 3: of Genome-wide DNA methylation at birth in relation to in utero arsenic exposure and the associated health in later life

Material 2 Description of NHBCS. (DOCX 26 kb