Tatler (Volume 10 1912)

The Winthrop yearbook was published from 1898 to 2002. It has been known as the Tatler since its inception except for 1904 (Lang Syne) and 1918 (Tatler a la Guerre). No yearbook was published in 1900, 1902, 1903, 1905,1906

Watchdog or Lapdog? The Role of U.S. Media in the International Humanitarian Intervention in Libya

Do media influence government or does government influence media? This paper seeks to answer this question by examining the recent international humanitarian military intervention in Libya in 2011 to see what, if any, effect media played in the decision-making process. To determine which player, U.S. government or U.S. media, was the opinion leader persuading the other to support humanitarian military intervention, the author chronologically compared articles written in major U.S. newspapers and U.S. government statements. The author concludes that neither the U.S. government nor the U.S. media played the primary role in the case. Rather, opinion leaders were the most persuasive, but U.S. media played an essential supporting role

Social Medias Impact on the Arab Spring

Revolutions have occurred since the beginning of organized society. People have been deprived of certain essential rights, have collaborated about their grievances and formed coalitions to rise against the government. Knowing how previous rebellions have succeeded or failed can allow one to predict the success of another revolution. Today through the increased communication levels between countries around the world, more information is available to the average person and political ideologies of people can be changed through media. No longer are citizens content to be complacent and sit by while their leaders engage in corrupt actions that make those around them richer while the rest of the population lives in a state of poverty. In late 2010 and early 2011, people within the Arab world held similar grievances towards their governments and created a succession of protests that began in Tunisia and swept through North Africa and the Middle East. Protesters began by demanding changes to government policies and structures, but soon people in every country wanted new leadership and the resignation of their current ruler. This group of protests is known as the Arab Spring. While the increased communication technologies of satellite television, as well as non-state run programming has added to the transfer of ideas from one nation to another within the Arab region, social media has made discussing grievances even easier than television. In recent years social media, which is any technology or technique that can inspire and influence other individuals, has played a large role in politics. Social media includes social networking sites, blogging sites, and mobile phones. These devices allow for the spread of information to happen at a quick pace; furthermore, news can be received anywhere among those who have access to such technology. News, pictures and updates from friends are instantaneous. This is crucial during protests when events and circumstances are rapidly changing

Foundational Failings: A Case Study on US Interventions Overseas

This thesis will seek to demonstrate how the U.S.\u27s attempt to export democracy by leading the NATO air campaign to overthrow Muamar el Gadafi in 2011 undermined U.S. foreign policy goals producing regional instability and power vacuums. This work will attempt to summarize the historical fragility of democracies, the cultural basis needed to establish a strong democratic system, the tradition of autocratic government in the Middle East, and how all three of these factors were largely ignored in overall U.S. planning and strategy in its intervention in the Libyan Civil War. Finally, an alternative foreign policy criterion for assessing U.S. regional objectives and strategy in the Middle East will be proposed that satisfies overall U.S. foreign policy in promoting human rights and freedom while avoiding destabilizing actions and ensuring U.S. geopolitical interests are secure

Elecciones, mediación y situación de punto muerto en Zimbabue

La mezcla de esperanza y desesperación que siguió a las elecciones de marzo de 2008 en Zimbabue y la violencia que se desató tras éstas dieron paso posteriormente a las nuevas posibilidades ofrecidas por el acuerdo político firmado el 11 de septiembre de 2008 por la Unión Nacional Africana de Zimbabue-Frente Patriótico (ZANU-PF) y las dos facciones del Movimiento para el Cambio Democrático (MDC) lideradas por Tsvangirai y Mutambara, respectivamente. Los múltiples aspectos de la crisis en que se ha visto envuelta la política de Zimbabue en el último decenio han agotado a las fuerzas sociales a nivel nacional y han conducido a un acuerdo político que, aunque no ha conseguido sacar del poder al partido ZANU-PF, sí prevé un reparto de ese poder con las dos facciones del MDC

The Need for a Shared Responsibility Regime between State and Non-State Actors to Prevent Human Rights Violations Caused by Cyber-Surveillance Spyware

Technology has undoubtedly contributed to the field of human rights. Internet connection and a smartphone has enabled activists to call out political leaders, shine light on human atrocities and organize mass protests through social media platforms. This has resulted in many authoritarian governments spending large amounts of their resources to purchase cyber-surveillance spyware systems from multi-national corporations to closely monitor and track their citizens for any signs of dissidence. Such technology has enabled authoritarian regimes to commit human right violations ranging from invasion of privacy, arbitrary arrest, arbitrary detention, torture and even murder. Despite the uncovering of such questionable transactions by journalists and civil society groups, multinational corporations continue to sell such products to governments with troubling human rights practices without any legal liability. Similar to the reports of unpunished criminal misconduct and human rights abuses committed by contracted private military security companies in Afghanistan and Iraq, corporations selling surveillance spyware have also escaped accountability. This is in part due to the significant difficulty in finding corporate entities liable under the current international legal system and the general inapplicability of international human rights laws to non-state actors. This is especially disconcerting when multinational corporations have emerged to be such powerful actors in modern societies due to globalization and the privatization of many governmental functions. This Note responds to this problem by proposing a new shared responsibility regime between state and non-state actors, where the state becomes an accountable stakeholder in order to better regulate the sale of surveillance spyware and provide a better possibility of recourse to victims of human rights violations. Inspired by the multi-stakeholder approach taken in the development of the International Code of Conduct for Private Security Service Providers and its oversight committee, the International Code of Conduct Association, this Note calls for an analogous system in the regulation of surveillance spyware exports

The Chester News January 17, 1922

The Chester News was a semi-weekly, later weekly continuation of the Semi-Weekly News established in 1913. The name changed to the Chester News in September 1917 retaining the number sequence of the Semi-Weekly News. In 1917 it was a semi-weekly Democrat newspaper. About 1942, it became a weekly paper. W. Ward Pegram and Stewart L. Cassells were the owner/publishers. W. Ward Pegram, Jr. took ownership after his father’s death and published the paper until September 1971 when it merged with the Chester Reporter to form the News and Reporter which is still in publication.https://digitalcommons.winthrop.edu/chesternews1922/1005/thumbnail.jp