A psychopharmological study of anxiety in mice and pigs.

An attempt was made to study the psychological state of anxiety through the development and evaluation of two behavioural tests; an exploratory conflict test in the mouse and a pharmacological conditioning procedure in the pig. The tests were used to investigate hormonal and environmental influences on the anxiety state of these animals. The conflict arising from a light/dark choice exploratory situation was examined in male mice for its sensitivity to the anxiolytic 1,4-benzodiazepine diazepam. Only one parameter of behaviour in this test (light/dark transitions) showed a dose related increase to diazepam in male mice. Further experiments revealed that a diazepam induced increase in this parameter of behaviour does not reflect a specific anti-anxiety drug action. Experiments which indicate that the light/dark choice test does not detect an anxiolytic action of diazepam are described. The parameter of light/dark transitions did not fluctuate in untreated female mice during the oestrous cycle. However, a diazepam induced change similar to that observed in males was found only at oestrus and dioestrus. Mice at pro-oestrus, metoestrus II and late dioestrus did not show this response to diazepam while mice at metoestrus I showed a diazepam induced decrease in the number of light/dark transitions. This effect of diazepam at metoestrus I was paralleled by changes in other test parameters indicative of an anxiogenic drug action or a photophobic effect. Measurements of whole brain concentrations of diazepam revealed that these behavioural fluctuations in response to diazepam during the oestrous cycle are not due to a change in drug metabolism or distribution. In the pharmacological conditioning experiments, pigs were trained to discriminate the anxiogenic drug pentylenetetrazole from an injection of the saline vehicle alone. A conditioning procedure was developed whereby the time course of the pentylenetetrazole cue could be measured. The behavioural and pharmacological specificity of this cue was investigated. This study revealed that the cue corresponds to an anxiety state. Application of this technique to a range of environmental stimuli which mimic conditions encountered in pig husbandry revealed its ability to detect the presence and time course of anxiety in these situations

Mastering Mills: Recommendations for Planning Massachusetts Mill Communities

This paper is meant to summarize the findings and recommendations that came directly from attendees at the “Mastering Mills” Symposium in order to influence future state policies regarding mill revitalization, especially for rural communities

Urban periphery land use change : the role of hobby farming

The aim of this research was to identify the role of hobby fanning in land use change in urban periphery zones. Research to date which incorporates the interaction of the three main study components, land use, hobby farms and the urban periphery, has been limited, and it was recognised that such interaction can have a significant effect on the rural landscape. The urban periphery of Christchurch City in New Zealand's South Island was used as a case study, over a period of 12 years, 1970 to 1992. At the outset four study objectives were stated. The first, to identify land use change in the study area; the second, to examine the role of hobby farming in land use change; the third, to discuss the influence of planning regulations on land use change and hobby farm development; and finally, to modify theoretical concepts in order to reflect the findings of the study. By selecting four study areas within the urban periphery of Christchurch, land use change was recognised and then analysed to identify the role of hobby farming. The use of questionnaire survey, interview, statistical analysis and observation techniques enabled the objectives to be fulfilled. The results from the field study showed that land use change in the urban periphery of Christchurch was a reflection of the development of hobby farming in the area. Hobby farming, which had established as a result of peoples' desire for a rural lifestyle· without being a 'farmer', had caused land uses on both hobby and full-time farms to practice multi-functional land use systems. Traditional land uses had declined over the study period. Comparisons between each selected study area also provided recognition of planning influences. From this, controversial planning dimensions were discovered between four interacting interest groups. The final conclusions drawn from the completed research identified that hobby farming had played a significant role in land use change in the urban periphery, these are illustrated in Figures 7.2.1 to 7.2.4. Theoretical models were consequently modified to reflect this phenomenon

Nurses\u27 Alumnae Association Bulletin - Volume 2 Number 1

March of Activities Treasurer\u27s Report It\u27s a Date Loyalty Coming Events Jefferson News In Florida for Winter The A.N.A. Convention Greetings! Keeping Up the Fight Eight Hour Committee Nurses Wanted Class of 1926 Convention Notes Attention Members Pine Street News Class of 1915 Class of 1916 Fifth Anniversary Prize Winners - 1932 Class of 1940 Owners of Scrap Books Sick List - 1939 and 1940 A Program of Nursing Information Please Private Duty Section Excerpts from Alumnae Minutes Staff News Please Remember Personals Engagements Marriages Deaths Hospital News Ballot for Officers Recent Births Lest You Forget! Please Change My Addres

Nurses\u27 Alumnae Association Bulletin, June 1969

Alumnae President\u27s Message Officers and Chairmen Financial Report Progressive Changes at Jefferson School of Nursing Report Student Activities School of Practical Nursing Report Jefferson Expansion Report Clerk-Typist Report Committee Reports Resume of Alumnae Meetings Class News 1969 CLINIC Correspondence Notice