Tetraphenylethylene-based glycoclusters with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties as high-affinity ligands of bacterial lectins

International audienceTetraphenylethylene (TPE) is fluorescent through aggregation induced emission (AIE) in water. Herein, TPE was used as the core of glycoclusters that target the bacterial lectins LecA and LecB of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Synthesis of these TPE-based glycoclusters was accomplished by using azide-alkyne "click" chemistry. The AIE properties of the resulting glycoclusters could be readily verified, but imaging could not be pursued due to the overlap of the fluorescence signals from cells and bacteria. Nonetheless, the glycoclusters displayed nanomolar affinities toward LecA and LecB. Further evaluation in a cell-based anti-adhesive assay highlighted a limited decrease in adhesion (20%) for the fucosylated glycocluster. This confirmed that these TPE-based glycoclusters are indeed LecA and LecB high-affinity ligands. Nevertheless, the hypotheses involving their application in imaging or anti-adhesive therapy could not be verified

Systemic Hydrocortisone To Prevent Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in preterm infants (the SToP-BPD study): Statistical analysis plan

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common complication of preterm birth with short-term and long-term adverse consequences. Although the glucocorticoid dexamethasone has been proven to be beneficial for the prevention of BPD, there are concerns about an increased risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. Hydrocortisone has been suggested as an alternative therapy. The aim of the Systemic Hydrocortisone To Prevent Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in preterm infants (SToP-BPD) trial is to assess the efficacy and safety of postnatal hydrocortisone administration for the reduction of death or BPD in ventilator-dependent preterm infants. Methods/design: The SToP-BPD study is a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled hydrocortisone trial in preterm infants at risk for BPD. After parental informed consent is obtained, ventilator-dependent infants are randomly allocated to hydrocortisone or placebo treatment during a 22-day period. The primary outcome measure is the composite outcome of death or BPD at 36 weeks postmenstrual age. Secondary outcomes are short-term effects on pulmonary condition and long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae assessed at 2 years corrected age. Complications of treatment, other serious adverse events and suspected unexpected serious adverse reactions are reported as safety outcomes. This pre-specified statistical analysis plan was written and submitted without knowledge of the unblinded data

Itpkb and Ins (1,3,4,5) P4 control proapoptotic Bim gene expression and survival in B cells

L’Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 produit par l’Ins(1,4,5)P3 3-kinase de type B (Itpkb) est nécessaire au développement des thymocytes et lymphocytes T murins. Trois hypothèses sont admises quant à la fonction physiologique et au mécanisme d’action de cet inositol phosphorylé :la première postule que l’Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 module la réponse calcique intracellulaire ;la seconde, que cet inositolphosphate est un intermédiaire métabolique dans la synthèse d’inositols plus hautement phosphorylés ;la dernière, que l’Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 module la localisation subcellulaire et la fonction de protéines capables de la reconnaître par des domaines spécifiques de liaison. Afin d’investiguer cette dernière hypothèse, nous avons analysé la physiologie des lymphocytes B invalidés pour Itpkb et avons généré et analysé des souris transgéniques d’addition pour Rasa3, récepteur potentiel à l’Ins(1,3,4,5)P4.Les lymphocytes B déficients en Itpkb présentent un défaut de survie car ils ne peuvent activer correctement les protéines kinases Erk1/2 suite à la stimulation du BCR de surface. Cela conduit à la surexpression anormale de la protéine pro-apoptotique Bim. La diminution de l’expression de Bim est suffisante dans ce modèle pour restaurer une fonction normale des lymphocytes B. In vitro, Nous avons montré que l’Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 est nécessaire à la translocation de Rasa3, protéine favorisant l’inactivation de la voie de Ras, de la membrane vers le cytoplasme. L’étude de lymphocytes invalidés pour Itpkb dans un modèle de BCR transgénique semble montrer que des anomalies de réponse calcique ne participent pas au phénotype.En conclusion, nos résultats indiquent qu’une des voies de signalisation préférentielle de l’Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 passe par la modulation de la localisation subcellulaire de protéines possédant un domaine d’affinité pour l’Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 telle que Rasa3.Doctorat en Sciences médicalesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe

Regulation of B cell survival, development and function by inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase B (Itpkb).

In mammals, Ins(1,4,5)P3, the well known calcium mobilization messenger, is phosphorylated in the cytosol at the 3-position of the inositol ring to yield Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 by Ins(1,4,5)P3 3-kinases A, B and C isoforms as well as by inositol polyphosphate multikinase (Ipmk). Studies in gene-deficient mice have revealed that these enzymes and Ins(1,3,4,5)P4, their reaction product, play essential role in multiple physiological processes, ranging from synaptic plasticity, hematopoietic cell survival, development and function, to mRNA export, transcriptional regulation and chromatin remodelling. Rather than to provide an unique and “universal” mechanism of Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 action, these studies in genetically-modified mice point for a role of this inositide in the control of calcium mobilization, of the subcellular localisation of PH domain-containing target proteins, and of higher inositol phosphate production. Mice deficient for the B isoform of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase (Itpkb) develop profound alterations in T and B cells as well as in neutrophils and mast cells. Our recent studies indicate that the 3-kinase Itpkb and Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 are important for the survival of naïve mature B cells and the control of proapoptotic Bim protein expression, rather than for the control of B cell transition from one developmental stage to another. They also suggest that Itpkb is an important component in the control of B cell anergy.Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tReviewinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Comparison of communication interfaces for mechanically ventilated patients in intensive care

peer reviewe

Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase B controls survival and prevents anergy in B cells.

Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase B (or Itpkb) and inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (Ins(1,3,4,5)P4), its reaction product, play an important role in the control of B lymphocyte fate and function in vivo. In order to investigate the fine mechanisms of Itpkb and Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 action in B cells, we crossed Itpkb(-/-) mice with transgenic mice expressing a 3-83μδ B cell receptor (BCR) specific for membrane-bound MHC-I H2-K(b) and H2-K(k) molecules. On a non-deleting H2-K(d) genetic background, we show that Itpkb is important for the control of Bim protein expression and B cell survival rather than for the control of B cell development from one stage to another. Analyses of cell surface markers expression, proapoptotic Bim protein expression, in vitro survival and in vivo turnover demonstrated that BCR transgenic Itpkb(-/-) B cells exhibit an anergic phenotype with the notable exception of their enhanced antigen-induced calcium signalling. On a deleting H2-K(b) genetic background, we show that Itpkb is not essential for BCR editing or negative selection. These data establish Itpkb as an important regulator of B cell survival and anergy in vivo.Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tSCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Nicotinamide inhibits B lymphocyte activation by disrupting MAPK signal transduction.

Nicotinamide (NAm) represents both a pharmacological agent known to express cell preserving and anti-inflammatory properties, and a useful investigational tool to elucidate cellular pathways regulating a wide range of cellular functions. We demonstrate in this study that exogenous NAm, when used at pharmacological doses, inhibits activation of primary murine B lymphocytes in response to multiple ligands. NAm appears to affect a membrane proximal event leading to MAPKs activation, a transduction pathway shared by multiple receptors including the antigen-specific B cell receptor, CD38, CD40 and TLR4 receptors. NAm inhibited phospho-ERK accumulation, and only marginally affected phospho-p38 and phospho-JNK induction upon BCR stimulation of naive B lymphocytes. Accordingly, NAm also affected the expression of known targets of the MAPK ERK pathway such as CD69 and cyclin D2. Based on a comparison with well-characterized pharmacological inhibitors, we suggest in this work that NAm may inhibit a post-translational modification mediated by a yet unidentified mono(ADP-ribose)transferase. Collectively, our observations indicate that in addition to its previously described effect on cells of the innate immune system, NAm is able to modulate the activity of B lymphocytes suggesting a potential role of this vitamin in regulating antibody-mediated autoimmune disorders.Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tSCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Early NT-proBNP is able to predict spontaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates, but not the need of its treatment.

The objective of this study was to establish the potential utility of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in the management of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). This was a monocentric prospective blind study that was conducted in a referral neonatal intensive care unit. The patients were very low-birth-weight/gestational-age neonates. Babies with cardiac congenital anomaly other than PDA, life-threatening congenital malformation, severe asphyxia at birth, persistent pulmonary hypertension, and death within the first week of life were excluded. Plasma NT-proBNP concentrations were determined on days 2, 4, and 7 of life. Echocardiography was performed on days 4 and 7. Results were blinded to clinicians. Only echographic results were available upon request. Thirty-one infants were included. NT-proBNP levels were significantly correlated to ductal size and to left atrial-to-aortic diameter ratio. The median NT-proBNP on both days 2 and 4 was significantly higher in neonates with later treated or persistent PDA. A level above 10.000 pg/mL at 48 h of age yielded a 100% positive and a 87% negative predictive value to exclude spontaneous ductal closure. However, no NT-proBNP threshold could predict which PDA would be judged necessary to treat. It was concluded that early low NT-proBNP values can be used as a reliable independent marker to predict spontaneous ductal closure in preterm neonates. Yet, high NT-proBNP levels should not be used to guide the decision to treat PDA, the risk being of treating many bystanding PDAs.Comparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tSCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Perylenediimide-based glycoclusters as high affinity ligands of bacterial lectins: synthesis, binding studies and anti-adhesive properties

International audienc

Identifying effect modifiers of systemic hydrocortisone treatment initiated 7-14 days after birth in ventilated very preterm infants on long-term outcome:Secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial

Objective: To explore clinical effect modifiers of systemic hydrocortisone in ventilated very preterm infants for survival and neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years' corrected age (CA). Design: Secondary analysis of a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Setting: Dutch and Belgian neonatal intensive care units. Patients: Infants born &lt;30 weeks' gestational age (GA), ventilator-dependent in the second week of postnatal life. Intervention: Infants were randomly assigned to systemic hydrocortisone (cumulative dose 72.5 mg/kg; n=182) or placebo (n=190). Main outcome measures: The composite of death or neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 2 years' CA and its components. Candidate effect modifiers (GA, small for GA, respiratory index, sex, multiple births, risk of moderate/severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia or death) were analysed using regression models with interaction terms and subpopulation treatment effect pattern plots. Results: The composite outcome was available in 356 (96.0%) of 371 patients (one consent withdrawn). For this outcome, treatment effect heterogeneity was seen across GA subgroups (&lt;27 weeks: hydrocortisone (n=141) vs placebo (n=156), 54.6% vs 66.2%; OR 0.61 (95% CI 0.38 to 0.98); ≥27 weeks: hydrocortisone (n=30) vs placebo (n=31), 66.7% vs 45.2%; OR 2.43 (95% CI 0.86 to 6.85); p=0.02 for interaction). This effect was also found for the component death (&lt;27 weeks: 20.1% vs 32.1%; OR 0.53 (95% CI 0.32 to 0.90); ≥27 weeks: 28.1% vs 16.1%; OR 2.04 (95% CI 0.60 to 6.95); p=0.049 for interaction) but not for the component NDI. No differential treatment effects were observed across other subgroups. Conclusion: This secondary analysis suggests that in infants &lt;27 weeks' GA, systemic hydrocortisone may improve the outcome death or NDI, mainly driven by its component death. There was insufficient evidence for other selected candidate effect modifiers.</p