Buchnera asiatica

<p>The dashed black lines represents the 95% C.I. for the <i>P_ST</i> calculations, while the dashed red line represent the null assumption that <i>c</i> = <i>h²</i>. Results are for female traits that had critical <i>c/h²</i> (the value in which the lower 95% C.I. of <i>P_ST</i> is higher than the upper 95% C.I. of <i>F_ST</i>) lower than 0.5. For values with higher critical value see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0053332#pone.0053332.s002" target="_blank">Fig. S2</a>.</p

Comparison of different genetic diversity estimators: (Na) number of alleles (A); (Ar) allelic richness (B); (Par) private allelic richness (C); and (He) expected heterozygosity (D) from different house sparrow populations.

<p>For Europe –a and USA data from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0053332#pone.0053332-Schrey1" target="_blank">[24]</a>; data for Finland from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0053332#pone.0053332-Kekkonen1" target="_blank">[58]</a>; data for France from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0053332#pone.0053332-Loiseau1" target="_blank">[59]</a>; and data from Brazil and Europe –b where obtained from this study using all six loci (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0053332#pone-0053332-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>). Filled circles are introduced populations while open circles are native populations. Not all estimators were available in all the studies.</p

Scatterplots of <i>F_ST</i> pairwise estimates [<b>62</b>] calculated using FSTAT version 2.9.3 [<b>54</b>] against geographical distance in km (log-transformed) for house sparrow populations of Brazil (A); pairwise harmonic mean <i>D_est</i>[<b>63</b>] calculated using SMOGD [<b>64</b>] against geographic distance in km (log-transformed) for house sparrow populations of Brazil (B); and pairwise <i>R_ST</i> calculated using R CALC [<b>66</b>] against geographic distance in km (log-transformed) for house sparrow populations of Brazil (C).

<p>Scatterplots of <i>F_ST</i> pairwise estimates <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0053332#pone.0053332-Weir1" target="_blank">[<b>62</b>]</a> calculated using FSTAT version 2.9.3 <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0053332#pone.0053332-Goudet1" target="_blank">[<b>54</b>]</a> against geographical distance in km (log-transformed) for house sparrow populations of Brazil (A); pairwise harmonic mean <i>D_est</i><a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0053332#pone.0053332-Jost1" target="_blank">[<b>63</b>]</a> calculated using SMOGD <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0053332#pone.0053332-Crawford1" target="_blank">[<b>64</b>]</a> against geographic distance in km (log-transformed) for house sparrow populations of Brazil (B); and pairwise <i>R_ST</i> calculated using R CALC <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0053332#pone.0053332-Goodman1" target="_blank">[<b>66</b>]</a> against geographic distance in km (log-transformed) for house sparrow populations of Brazil (C).</p

Map of Brazil showing the different house sparrow populations sampled and the location of the release site.

<p>Map of Brazil showing the different house sparrow populations sampled and the location of the release site.</p

Polymorphic microsatellite loci used in genotyping house sparrow populations.

<p>For each locus we list the number of alleles (Na), number of individuals types (N), observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected heterozygosity.</p

Sampled locations of Brazil (introduced) and Europe (native) with number of individuals genotyped (N) and captured (in parentheses) for which we have morphometric data, latitude and longitude in degrees, year that house sparrow arrived in the sampled location, mean number of alleles per loci (Na), allelic richness (Ar), private allelic richness (Par), observed heterozygosity (Ho), unbiased expected heterozygosity (UHe) and measure of departure form Hardy-Weinberg proportions (<i>F_IS</i>).

<p>Mean values in bold are significantly different (p<0.05).</p><p>1 – Using only the three matching loci.</p

Pairwise <i>F_ST</i> values for house sparrow populations in Europe (lower diagonal), values in bold are significantly different from zero after Bonferroni correction (p≤0.0083) and harmonic <i>D_est</i> values (above the diagonal).

<p>Pairwise <i>F_ST</i> values for house sparrow populations in Europe (lower diagonal), values in bold are significantly different from zero after Bonferroni correction (p≤0.0083) and harmonic <i>D_est</i> values (above the diagonal).</p