Benchmarking the filamentary model for an industrial electromagnetic accelerator

This work is part of a program aiming to develop an electromagnetic accelerator to be implemented in industry as a second stage of acceleration for a standard pneumatic press. A scaled-down version of the future electromagnetic accelerator was built and tested using various diagnostic tools to provide very accurate data. The system uses a 0.7-kJ capacitor bank to accelerate a copper projectile weighing 0.7 kg to about 3.5 m/s at 5-mm distance from a driving coil. A detailed filamentary model of the electromagnetic accelerator is used to predict all the accelerator characteristics including, but not limited to the time history of the projectile velocity, the temperature of both the driving coil winding and the projectile and the forces acting on conductors. Using accurate data from testing allows benchmarking the filamentary model, which is then used to design the full-scale accelerator, capable of accelerating a payload of 100 kg to 3 m/s. </p

S1 Database -

(XLSX)</p

Benchmarking the filamentary model for an industrial electromagnetic accelerator

This work is part of a program aiming to develop an electromagnetic accelerator to be implemented in industry as a second stage of acceleration for a standard pneumatic press. A scaled-down version of the future electromagnetic accelerator was built and tested using various diagnostic tools to provide very accurate data. The system uses a 0.7-kJ capacitor bank to accelerate a copper projectile weighing 0.7 kg to about 3.5 m/s at 5-mm distance from a driving coil. A detailed filamentary model of the electromagnetic accelerator is used to predict all the accelerator characteristics including, but not limited to the time history of the projectile velocity, the temperature of both the driving coil winding and the projectile and the forces acting on conductors. Using accurate data from testing allows benchmarking the filamentary model, which is then used to design the full-scale accelerator, capable of accelerating a payload of 100 kg to 3 m/s. </p

Odds Ratios for preterm birth, low birth weight, and small for gestational age in women exposed to paracetamol during pregnancy.

NISAMI Cohort Study, Brazil 2012–2014.</p

Paracetamol use according to trimester of exposure and perinatal outcomes.

Paracetamol use according to trimester of exposure and perinatal outcomes.</p

Characteristics of the study population.

NISAMI Cohort Study, Brazil 2012–2014 (N = 760)*.</p

A proof-of-concept repetitive pressure source based on underwater aluminum exploding wire

The work introduces a proof-of-concept source, repetitively generating strong pressure pulses using an underwater electrically exploded aluminum wire. When operated with a repetition rate of 0.1 Hz, the pressure source generates pressure pulses with a peak of about 0.6 MPa at a distance of 0.5 m.</p

Addendum to vitamin D deficiency aggravates COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis

Addendum to vitamin D deficiency aggravates COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysi

Unwillingness to prescribe PrEP by health care professionals of specialized HIV/AIDS services in Northeastern Brazil

This study aimed to analyze factors associated with the unwillingness to prescribe pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) by health care professionals of specialized HIV/AIDS services. This is a cross-sectional study with 252 health care professionals in 29 specialized care services (SCSs) in HIV/AIDS in 21 municipalities in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The inclusion criterion was that the professional had worked for at least six months in the service. Sociodemographic, occupational, and behavioral data were collected using a questionnaire. Logistic regression was performed with an estimation of crude and adjusted odds ratio (OR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). The unwillingness to prescribe PrEP was 15.2% (95%CI: 10.8-19.6). The factors associated with unwillingness to prescribe PrEP were non-prescription of HIV self-tests for key populations (adjustedOR = 5.4; 95%CI: 1.3-22.4) nor post-exposure prophylaxis (adjustedOR = 2.00; 95%CI: 1.3-3.1), location of the SCS in the state capital (adjustedOR = 3.9; 95%CI: 1.4-10.2), and SCSs without PrEP offer (adjustedOR = 1.7; 95%CI: 1.1-2.8); professionals who have not reported the need to conduct training and courses (adjustedOR = 1.3; 95%CI: 1.1-1.8), or training with more experienced professionals (adjustedOR = 1.8; 95%CI: 1.1-3.8), was associated with a lower proportion of unwillingness to prescribe PrEP. Our results indicate that health care professionals’ contextual, organizational, and training factors can contribute to PrEP indication. We suggest expanding ongoing training in combined HIV prevention among health care professionals and increasing the availability of PrEP in health services.</div

Effect of Acetaminophen use during pregnancy on adverse pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

A high number of women are exposed to acetaminophen during pregnancy worldwide. This drug safety during pregnancy regarding preterm birth, birth weight, and fetal development has not been well described. This study investigated the effect of acetaminophen use during pregnancy on selected adverse pregnancy outcomes. Databases were searched to identify studies reporting the effects of acetaminophen use during pregnancy on preterm birth, low birth weight, and small for gestational age. The studies’ quality was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies. Risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals were estimated using a fixed or random‐effects model. Six studies were included for final review, four cohort and two case‐control studies. We found no increased risk of preterm birth (RR 0.97; 95% CI 0.59–1.58), and decreased risks of low birth weight (RR 0.65; 95% CI 0.59–0.72) and small for gestational age (RR 0.69; 95% CI 0.50–0.97). Acetaminophen exposure during the third trimester revealed non-significantly in the outcomes. Exposure to acetaminophen during pregnancy appears to not increase the risk of the outcomes analyzed. However, there is a lack of information regarding the exposure dose and frequency of acetaminophen use.</p