Histological and morphological skin evaluation of adult rats treated with a fractional CO2 laser applied at three different settings

Orientador: Paulo KharmandayanDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências MédicasResumo: Introdução: O "resurfacing" cutâneo com o "laser" de CO2 não-fracionado tem sido utilizado ao longo dos anos com resultados impressionantes, porém acompanhados de uma alta incidência de efeitos adversos. A fototermólise fracionada mudou este padrão, uma vez que fornece resultados consistentes, o tempo de recuperação é mais curto e a incidência de efeitos adversos é mais baixa. Estes efeitos adversos estão geralmente relacionados a utilização de energias mais elevadas. É clinicamente conhecido que, mesmo utilizando-se energias mais baixas, bons resultados podem ser alcançados. Foi investigada a possibilidade de alcançar uma contração tecidual consistente com parâmetros mais brandos em associação com a sobreposição de pulsos. Método: Três parâmetros decrescentes de um "laser" de CO2 fracionado foram aplicados no abdome de vinte cinco ratos Wistar. Os animais foram distribuídos em três grupos. Grupo I foi sacrificado após o procedimento e as zonas térmicas microscópicas foram avaliadas histologicamente. Grupos II e III foram mantidos durante 30 e 60 dias antes do sacrifício. Estes últimos grupos foram macroscopicamente avaliados quanto à contração da área de tratamento, que foi realizada com o programa gratuito ImageJ. Resultados: Não houve diferença estatística significativa entre as zonas térmicas microscópicas em todas as configurações estudadas. A avaliação macroscópica mostrou que todas as configurações causam significativa contração imediata da pele. A configuração de maior energia causa efeito de contração significativamente mais intenso. Aos 30 e 60 dias, a configuração de menor energia manteve a contração inicial significativamente Conclusão: Concluiu-se que energias mais baixas do "laser" de CO2 fracionado associado a sobreposição de pulsos, causam contração consistente e duradoura na pele de ratos. Não foi encontrada diferença significativa entre as configurações estudadas, em termos de profundidade de ablaçãoAbstract: Background: Skin resurfacing with traditional CO2 laser had been used over the years with impressive results but also accompanied by a high incidence of adverse effects. Fractional photothermolysis changed this pattern as long as it provides consistent results, shorter downtime and less adverse effects. These adverse effects are usually related to the use of higher energies. It is clinically known that even using lower energies, good results can be reached. The possibility of achieving consistent tissue contraction with lighter settings in association with pulse stacking was investigated. Methods: Three decreasing settings of a fractional CO2 laser were applied to the abdomen of twenty-five Wistar rats. The animals were distributed in three groups. Group I was sacrificed after the procedure and microthermal dimensions were histologically evaluated. Groups II and III were kept for 30 and 60 days before sacrifice. These later groups were macroscopically evaluated for area contraction, which was carried out with freeware ImageJ. Results: No statistical significance was found within microthermal zones of all settings studied. Macroscopic evaluation showed that all settings cause significant immediate skin contraction. The highest setting cause significant more intense tightening effect initially. At 30 and 60 days, the lowest setting significantly sustained contraction. Conclusion: We concluded that lower fractional CO2 laser energies associated to pulse stacking causes consistent and long lasting tissue contraction in rats. No significative difference was found between settings in terms of depth of ablationMestradoFisiopatologia CirúrgicaMestre em Ciência

Development and implementation of an anthropometric protocol to evaluate results of otoplasty

INTRODUCTION: Prominence is the most common deformity of the ear, affecting about 5% of the population. Most reports on otoplasty describe subjective evaluations, and do not provide accurate postoperative assessment or a comparison between techniques. We propose the development and implementation of a specific protocol to evaluate results. METHOD: A prospective evaluation for a period of one year in patients who underwent bilateral otoplasty was performed, using a technique based on modeling of the cartilage with sutures, and helix-to-mastoid distance measurements at standardized points. RESULTS: A total of 23 patients with an average age of 17.8 years underwent surgery. Reoperation was performed in 21.7% of the patients or 10.7% of the ears. Nearly 45% of the correction obtained at the upper point and 35% at the middle and lower points were lost in patients who did not undergo reoperation. CONCLUSIONS: The protocol was easily used and allowed objective evaluation of the preoperative deformity and surgical results. This technique produced results considered adequate and comparable to the literature

The STRong lensing Insights into the Dark Energy Survey (STRIDES) 2016 follow-up campaign - II. New quasar lenses from double component fitting

We report upon the follow-up of 34 candidate lensed quasars found in the Dark Energy Survey using NTT EFOSC, Magellan-IMACS, KECK-ESI, and SOAR-SAMI. These candidates were selected by a combination of double component fitting, morphological assessment, and colour analysis. Most systems followed up are indeed composed of at least one quasar image and 13 with two or more quasar images: two lenses, four projected binaries, and seven nearly identical quasar pairs (NIQs). The two systems confirmed as genuine gravitationally lensed quasars are one quadruple at zₛ = 1.713 and one double at zₛ = 1.515. Lens modelling of these two systems reveals that both systems require very little contribution from the environment to reproduce the image configuration. Nevertheless, small flux anomalies can be observed in one of the images of the quad. Further observations of nine inconclusive systems (including seven NIQs) will allow to confirm (or not) their gravitational lens nature.ISSN:0035-8711ISSN:1365-296

Resumos concluídos - Neurociências

Resumos concluídos - Neurociência

Measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 5.02 TeV

International audienceThe inclusive jet cross section is measured as a function of jet transverse momentum $p_\mathrm{T}$ and rapidity $y$. The measurement is performed using proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 TeV, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 27.4 pb$^{-1}$. The jets are reconstructed with the anti-$k_\mathrm{T}$ algorithm using a distance parameter of $R$ = 0.4, within the rapidity interval $\lvert y\rvert$$\lt$ 2, and across the kinematic range 0.06 $\lt$$p_\mathrm{T}$$\lt$ 1 TeV. The jet cross section is unfolded from detector to particle level using the determined jet response and resolution. The results are compared to predictions of perturbative quantum chromodynamics, calculated at both next-to-leading order and next-to-next-to-leading order. The predictions are corrected for nonperturbative effects, and presented for a variety of parton distribution functions and choices of the renormalization/factorization scales and the strong coupling $\alpha_\mathrm{S}$

Measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 5.02 TeV

The inclusive jet cross section is measured as a function of jet transverse momentum $p_\mathrm{T}$ and rapidity $y$. The measurement is performed using proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}$ = 5.02 TeV, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 27.4 pb$^{-1}$. The jets are reconstructed with the anti-$k_\mathrm{T}$ algorithm using a distance parameter of $R$ = 0.4, within the rapidity interval $\lvert y\rvert$$\lt$ 2, and across the kinematic range 0.06 $\lt$$p_\mathrm{T}$$\lt$ 1 TeV. The jet cross section is unfolded from detector to particle level using the determined jet response and resolution. The results are compared to predictions of perturbative quantum chromodynamics, calculated at both next-to-leading order and next-to-next-to-leading order. The predictions are corrected for nonperturbative effects, and presented for a variety of parton distribution functions and choices of the renormalization/factorization scales and the strong coupling $\alpha_\mathrm{S}$