Food consumption and adipose tissue DDT levels in Mexican women Consumo de alimentos y niveles de DDT en tejido adiposo de mujeres mexicanas

This article analyzes food consumption in relation to levels of DDE (the principal metabolite of DDT) in the adipose tissue of 207 Mexican women residing in States with high and low exposure to DDT. Data on the women's dietary habits and childbearing history were obtained from a personal interview. Adipose tissue DDE levels were measured by gas-liquid chromatography and compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple linear regression. Adipose tissue DDE levels increased significantly with age (p = 0.005) and residence in coastal areas (p = 0.002) and non-significantly with the consumption of onion, cauliflower, prickly pear, squash blossoms, sweet corn, broad beans, chili pepper sauce, ham, and fish. Even so, during breastfeeding there was a non-significant reduction in these levels. The findings suggest that certain foods serve as vehicles for DDE residues and confirm that breastfeeding is a mechanism for the elimination of this insecticide, which accumulates over the years in the human body.En este trabajo se presenta el consumo de alimentos en relación a los niveles de DDE (principal metabolito del DDT) en tejido adiposo de 207 mujeres Mexicanas residentes en estados de alta y baja exposición a DDT. La información acerca de los hábitos dietéticos y la historia reproductiva de cada una de las participantes se indagaron mediante una entrevista personal. Los niveles de DDE en el tejido adiposo se determinaron por medio de cromatografía de gas-líquido y se compararon por medio de análisis de varianza (ANOVA) y de regresión lineal múltiple. Los niveles de DDE en tejido adiposo se incrementaron significativamente de acuerdo a la edad (p = 0.005) y al hecho de residir en zonas costeras (p = 0,002) y, de manera no significativa, con el consumo de: cebolla, coliflor, nopal, flor de calabaza, elote, habas, salsas preparadas con chile, jamón y pescado. Asimismo, el aumento en los meses de lactancia representó una reducción no significativa de estos niveles. Los hallazgos de este trabajo sugieren que cierto tipo de alimentos son vehículos de residuos de DDE, así mismo, confirman que la lactancia es un mecanismo de eliminación de dicho insecticida y que éste se acumula a través de los años en el organismo humano

Food consumption and adipose tissue DDT levels in Mexican women

This article analyzes food consumption in relation to levels of DDE (the principal metabolite of DDT) in the adipose tissue of 207 Mexican women residing in States with high and low exposure to DDT. Data on the women's dietary habits and childbearing history were obtained from a personal interview. Adipose tissue DDE levels were measured by gas-liquid chromatography and compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple linear regression. Adipose tissue DDE levels increased significantly with age (p = 0.005) and residence in coastal areas (p = 0.002) and non-significantly with the consumption of onion, cauliflower, prickly pear, squash blossoms, sweet corn, broad beans, chili pepper sauce, ham, and fish. Even so, during breastfeeding there was a non-significant reduction in these levels. The findings suggest that certain foods serve as vehicles for DDE residues and confirm that breastfeeding is a mechanism for the elimination of this insecticide, which accumulates over the years in the human body

Leisure-time physical activity and cardiometabolic risk among children and adolescents

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) on cardiometabolic risk by nutritional status in Mexican children and adolescents. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted with 1,309 participants aged between 5 and 17 years. Nutritional status was classified according to the BMI Z-score by age and gender. A previously validated questionnaire was used to evaluate LTPA; a cardiometabolic risk score was calculated. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to assess the effect of LTPA on cardiometabolic risk. RESULTS: After adjusting for risk factors, mild LTPA were positively associated with cardiometabolic risk score (ßMildvsIntenseLTPA: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.18 to 1.18; pfortrend = 0.007). This association became stronger when estimated for overweight (ß MildvsIntenseLTPA: 1.24; 95% CI: 0.24 to 2.24; pfortrend = 0.015) and obese participants (ß MildvsIntenseLTPA: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.07 to 1.97; pfortrend= 0.045) CONCLUSION: Mild LTPA was positively associated with cardiometabolic risk in overweight and obese children and adolescents. Given the emerging childhood obesity epidemic in Mexico, these results may be useful in the design of strategies and programs to increase physical activity levels in order to achieve better health

Leisure-time physical activity and cardiometabolic risk among children and adolescents ଝ Leisure-time activity and cardiometabolic risk PALAVRAS-CHAVE

Abstract Objective: To assess the effect of Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) on cardiometabolic risk by nutritional status in Mexican children and adolescents. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted with 1,309 participants aged between 5 and 17 years. Nutritional status was classified according to the BMI Z-score by age and gender. A previously validated questionnaire was used to evaluate LTPA; a cardiometabolic risk score was calculated. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to assess the effect of LTPA on cardiometabolic risk. Results: After adjusting for risk factors, mild LTPA were positively associated with cardiometabolic risk score (␤ Mild vs Intense LTPA : 0.68; 95% CI: 0.18 to 1.18; p for trend = 0.007). This association became stronger when estimated for overweight (␤ Mild vs Intense LTPA : 1.24; 95% CI: 0.24 to 2.24; p for trend = 0.015) and obese participants (␤ Mild vs Intense LTPA : 1.02; 95% CI: 0.07 to 1.97; p for trend = 0.045). Conclusion: Mild LTPA was positively associated with cardiometabolic risk in overweight and obese children and adolescents. Given the emerging childhood obesity epidemic in Mexico, these results may be useful in the design of strategies and programs to increase physical activity levels in order to achieve better health. © 2014 Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved. Intensa : 1,02; IC 95%: 0,07 a 1,97; P para tendência = 0,045). Conclusão: A AFL leve foi positivamente associada ao escore de risco cardiometabólico em crianças e adolescentes acima do peso e obesos. Considerando a epidemia de obesidade infantil emergente no México, esses resultados poderão ser úteis na elaboração de estratégias e programas para aumentar os níveis de atividade física a fim de obter uma saúde melhor

High Relative Abundance of <i>Lactobacillus reuteri</i> and Fructose Intake are Associated with Adiposity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children from Mexico City

In Mexico, 3 of 10 children are overweight. Fructose intake and relative abundance (RA) of Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) in the intestinal microbiota are associated with obesity and diabetes in adults, but studies in children are limited. This study evaluates the association between fructose intake and L. reuteri RA with adiposity and cardiometabolic risk markers in Mexican children dietary information, microbiota profiles, adiposity indicators (Body Mass Index, BMI and Waste Circumference, WC), and cardiometabolic markers were analyzed in 1087 children aged 6&#8722;12 years. Linear regression and path analysis models were used. High-tertile fructose intake and L. reuteri RA were positively associated with BMI (&#946;Tertil 3 vs. Tertil 1 = 0.24 (95% CI, 0.04; 0.44) and &#946;T3 vs. T1 = 0.52 (95% CI, 0.32; 0.72)) and WC (&#946;T3 vs. T1 = 2.40 (95% CI, 0.93; 3.83) and &#946;T3 vs. T1 = 3.40 (95% CI, 1.95; 4.90)), respectively. Also, these factors mediated by adiposity were positively correlated with high triglycerides and insulin concentrations and HOMA-IR (p &#8804; 0.03) and negatively associated with HDL-C concentration (p &lt; 0.01). High-tertile fructose intake and L. reuteri RA were directly associated with adiposity and indirectly associated though adiposity with metabolic disorders in children. In conclusion, fructose intake and L. reuteri RA were directly associated with adiposity and indirectly associated with metabolic disorders in children, mediated by adiposity