30 research outputs found
Determination of carbohydrates in the herbal antidiabetic mixtures by GC-MC
Due to the wide range of biologically active substances, the herbal mixtures can influence the development of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Carbohydrates attract particular attention due to their hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anticholesterolemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and detoxifying activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the content of carbohydrates through their monomeric composition in the herbal mixture samples: a) Urtica dioica leaf, Cichorium intybus roots, Rosa majalis fruits, Elymys repens rhizome, Taraxacum officinale roots, b) Arctium lappa roots, Elymys repens rhizome, Zea mays columns with stigmas, Helichrysum arenarium flowers, Rosa majalis fruits, c) Inula helenium rhizome with roots, Helichrysi arenarium flowers, Zea mays columns with stigmas, Origanum vulgare herb, Rosa majalis fruits, Taraxacum officinale roots, d) Cichorium intybus roots, Elymys repens rhizome, Helichrysum arenarium flowers, Rosa majalis fruits, Zea mays columns with stigmas and e) Urtica dioica leaf, Taraxacum officinale roots, Vaccinium myrtillus leaf, Rosa majalis fruits, Mentha piperita herb, which were used in Ukrainian folk medicine for the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2.
The carbohydrates were separated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after conversion into volatile aldononitrile acetate derivatives. The monomeric composition of polysaccharides was studied after their hydrolysis to form monosaccharides and polyalcohols.
Quantitative analyses of free carbohydrates showed that the predominant sugars were fructose, glucose and disaccharide β sucrose, in all samples. Concerning the determination of polysaccharide monomers after hydrolysis, glucose was the most abundant in all samples. The chromatographic study revealed a number of polyalcohols that are important for the treatment and prevention of progression of diabetes mellitus and its complications, namely, mannitol, pinitol and myo-inositol
DETERMINATION OF AMINO ACIDS AND SUGARS CONTENT IN ANTENNARIA DIOICA GAERTN
Objective: The purpose of our study was to determine sugars and amino acids content of Antennaria dioica Gaertn. herb. In continuation of the investigation of biologically active substances from Antennaria dioica Gaertn., it advisable to study the qualitative composition and quantitative contents of sugars and amino acids from the herb of this plant.
Methods: The herb of Antennaria dioica Gaertn. was analyzed for the content of sugars by GC/MS. The amino acids were identified and quantified by HPLC method.
Results: The results of GC/MS analysis showed that in Antennaria dioica Gaertn. herb D-glucose had the highest content (7.16Β±0.09) mg/g, followed by D-fructose (5.27Β±0.06) mg/g and D-saccharose (6.72Β±0.08) mg/g. In the raw material a large amount of monosaccharides derivativeβMyo-inositol was revealed, a content of which was (2.12Β±0.06) mg/g. We determined 17 bound and 16 free amino acids in the Antennaria dioica Gaertn. by HPLC method.
Conclusion: The contents of primary metabolites provide opportunities for creating medicine and food supplements. The results show that Antennaria dioica Gaertn. is a rich source of these important biologically active substances. The resulting data will be used with the further purpose to produce new drugs of natural origin
HPLC ANALYSIS OF AMINO ACIDS CONTENT IN CRAMBE CORDIFOLIA AND CRAMBE KOKTEBELICA LEAVES
Objective: The aim of our study was to establish the content of some primary metabolites, such as amino acids in Crambe cordifolia and Crambe koktebelica. The lack of experimental data induced us to determine these compounds.
Methods: Crambe cordifolia and Crambe koktebelica leaves were selected as the objects of the study. The amino acids in the raw materials were determined by the HPLC method.
Results: The results of the research revealed that the leaves of Crambe cordifolia and Crambe koktebelica contain fifteen and sixteen free amino acids respectively. Among the free amino acids L-histidine was presented in Crambe cordifolia leaves in the greatest amount, its content was 12.19 Β΅g/mg. The content of free L-arginine, L-valine, L-phenylalanine, L-isoleucine was the greatest in Crambe koktebelica leaves, it was 2.23 Β΅g/mg, 2.04 Β΅g/mg, 1.74 Β΅g/mg, 1.50 Β΅g/mg respectively. The content of bound L-glutamic acid, Glycine, L-arginine, L-leucine was the highest in Crambe cordifolia and Crambe koktebelica leaves.
Conclusion: The results of the study showed that Crambe cordifolia and Crambe koktebelica can be considered as a source of highly digestible amino acids that can be used to treat some diseases
DETERMINATION OF CARBOHYDRATES CONTENT IN GENTIANA CRUCIATA L. BY GC/MS METHOD
Objective: Thus, the aim of our research was to determine the qualitative composition and quantitative content of carbohydrates in the studied plant material with the prospect of its application as a medicinal plant raw material.
Methods: The carbohydrates of the herb of Gentiana cruciata L. determined by GC/MS method. Identification of monosaccharides was based on comparing their retention times with retention times of standards of the mass spectral library NIST 02. Quantification was done by using sorbitol added to the sample.
Results: The quantitative content of 4 free carbohydrates such as D-saccharose (38.39 mg/g), D-Pinitol (12.01 mg/g), D-glucose (10.05 mg/g) and D-fructose (1.69 mg/g) was established in the herb of Gentiana cruciata L. Also, this method established the qualitative composition and quantitative content of eight carbohydrates (monosaccharides and their derivatives after hydrolysis): D-glucose (29.66 mg/g), D-Pinitol (22.24 mg/g), L-arabinose (4.26 mg/g), D-galactose (3.55 mg/g), D-xylose (1.80 mg/g), L-rhamnose (1.49 mg/g), D-Dulcitol (0.76 mg/g) and D-mannose (0.44 mg/g).
Conclusion: The results of the study showed that carbohydrates from the Gentiana cruciata L. can be used as important resources of new ingredients for the pharmaceutical industry
ο»ΏDetermination of amino acids of plants from Angelica L. genus by HPLC method
One of the tasks of pharmaceutical science is to find new sources of effective drugs. Such sources include plants such as Angelica archangelica L. and Angelica sylvestris L., which have been used for many years to treat various diseases in folk medicine. Because the chemical composition of these plants is poorly understood, the aim of our study was to investigate the amino acid composition of the leaves of A. archangelica L. and A. sylvestris L. The amino acids of the leaves of the study species of the genus Angelica L. were determined by the HPLC method. Eighteen free and nineteen bound amino acids were identified in the leaves of A. archangelica L. The A. sylvestris L. leaves contained nineteen free and the same amount of bound amino acids. High concentrations of free and bound amino acids such as L-glutamic acid and L-aspartic acid predominate in A. archangelica L. and A. sylvestris L. This allowed these amino acids to be considered distinguishing markers of the study plants. Character metabolic processes in which these amino acids take part may be associated with the medicinal properties of these plants pursuant to their use in medicine and, therefore, may contribute to the insight of their therapeutic properties
ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΠΌΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΠ Π₯
The aim of the study was to research the qualitative composition and to investigate the quantitative content of some carboxylic acids in the herbal mixtures with established hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activity in previous studies in vivo.
Materials and methods. Studies of carboxylic acid content in the herbal mixtures were performed by HPLC analysis using Agilent Technologies 1200 liquid chromatograph (USA). Identification and quantitative analysis were performed using standard solutions of carboxylic compounds (tartaric, pyruvic, isocitric, citric, succinic and fumaric acids).
Conclusions. HPLC analysis of five samples of the herbal mixture with antidiabetic activity showed the presence of six carboxylic acids. The dominant acid in all samples was isocitric acid. Among the most important for the prevention and treatment of diabetes, high levels of succinic and fumaric acids have been identified and established. The obtained data indicate a correlation between the phytochemical composition of the studied herbal mixtures and their pharmacodynamics, which was previously establishedΠ¦Π΅Π»Ρ. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ, Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
in vivo.
ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΠΠ₯ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Agilent Technologies 1200 (Π‘Π¨Π). ΠΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (Π²ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ, Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ, ΡΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ).
Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡΡ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ (45,22Β±0,04) ΠΌΠ³/Π³ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅ β 3, (63,65Β±0,06) ΠΌΠ³/Π³ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅ β 4, (7,51Β±0,02) ΠΌΠ³/Π³ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅ β 7, (2,54Β±0,01) ΠΌΠ³/Π³ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅ β 13 ΠΈ (43,48Β±0,05) ΠΌΠ³/Π³ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅ β 19. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ½Π΄ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠ°.
ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΠΠ₯ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π» Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Ρ
Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠ° Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΎ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΠ΅ΡΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΌΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
, ΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π³ΡΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΡΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΡΡΠ½Ρ, Π³ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΏΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ° Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠ½Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
in vivo.
ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΠΌΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΠ Π₯ Π·Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ ΡiΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Agilent Technologies 1200 (Π‘Π¨Π). ΠΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ° ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π· Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊ (Π²ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ, ΠΏΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΡ, ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ, Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ, Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ° ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ).
Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ. ΠΠ° ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Π·ΡΠ°Π·ΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΌΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π² Π½Π°ΠΉΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½Π½Π° ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°, Π²ΠΌΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ (45,22Β±0,04) ΠΌΠ³/Π³ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π·Π±ΠΎΡΡ β 3, (63,65Β±0,06) ΠΌΠ³/Π³ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π·Π±ΠΎΡΡ β 4, (7,51Β±0,02) ΠΌΠ³/Π³ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π·Π±ΠΎΡΡ β 7, (2,54Β±0,01) ΠΌΠ³/Π³ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π·Π±ΠΎΡΡ β 13 ΡΠ° (43,48Β±0,05) ΠΌΠ³/Π³ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π·Π±ΠΎΡΡ β 19. ΠΠΊΡΡΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΌΡΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ, ΡΠΊ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΌΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡ ΡΠ° ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ, ΡΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ° Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠ°.
ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠΠ Π₯ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ· ΠΏβΡΡΠΈ Π·ΡΠ°Π·ΠΊΡΠ² ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ² Π· Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π² Π½Π°ΡΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ. ΠΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡ Ρ Π²ΡΡΡ
Π·ΡΠ°Π·ΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½Π½Π° ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°. Π‘Π΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ° Π»ΡΠΊΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΡΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ° Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΌΡΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ° ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ. ΠΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ²ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π²βΡΠ·ΠΊΡ ΠΌΡΠΆ ΡΡΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ² ΡΠ° ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΡ, ΡΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Ρ
Analysis of carboxylic acids of Crambe cordifolia Steven
Crambe cordifolia Steven is a perennial herb and contains many biologically active substances, including amino acids, quercetin and glycosides of kaempferol. In continuation of the investigation of these plant compounds, it is advisable to study the qualitative composition and quantitative contents of carboxylic acids. Using a HPLC method the quantitative content of the following organic acids was identified and determined: pyruvic (40.66 mg/g), isocitric (12.88 mg/g), citric (8.71 mg/g), succinic (38.03 mg/g) and malic (0.75 mg/g). Among fatty acids the saturated and unsaturated acids were determined by the GC/MS method. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the total fatty acids was 56.97%, saturated β 38.53% and monounsaturated β 4.50%. Linolenic and palmitic acids dominated among the determined 7 fatty acids, their content was 9.68 mg/g (47.87%) and 4.88 mg/g (24.14%). The results of the study show that Crambe cordifolia Steven leaves is a source of carboxylic acids
ΠΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ Arnica foliosa Nutt. ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ₯/ΠΠ‘
Medicinal plants have been considered as an important source for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. The genus Arnica L. is a genus of Asteraceae family, many species of which are used in traditional medicine. Arnica chamissonis Less. and Arnica foliosa Nutt., which belong to plants of the genus Arnica L., are successfully grown in the culture. There is insufficient information in the literature on the biologically active substances of Arnica foliosa Nutt. The presence of sesquiterpene lactones in the leaves and inflorescences is indicated. The flowers contain polysaccharides, monosaccharides, which mainly contain D-glucose and D-xylose, as well as phenolic compounds (quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol) and essential oils.The aim.Β The aim of our study was to identify and determine the quantitative content of fatty acids by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method (GC/MS) in Arnica foliosa Nutt. herb.Materials and methods.Β The determination of fatty acids composition of Arnica foliosa Nutt. was carried out by gas chromatograph Agilent 6890N with a mass detector 5973 inert (Agilent Technologies, USA).Results.Β The analysis of Arnica foliosa Nutt. herb showed a mixture of saturated (1.61 mg/g; 48.79 %) and unsaturated (1.69 mg/g; 51.21 % from total content acids) fatty acids. The main components of Arnica foliosa Nutt. herb were palmitic (1.02 mg/g; 30.91 % from total content acids), linolenic (0.96 mg/g; 29.09 % from total content acids) and linoleic (0.67 mg/g; 20.30 % from total content acids) acids. This raw material is a source of essential fatty acids, such as omega-3 (linolenic acid) and omega-6 (linoleic acid).Conclusions. As a result of Arnica foliosa Nutt. research, the presence of fatty acids is established in its raw material. The dominant fatty acids in the studied raw material were palmitic, linolenic and linoleic acids, the content of which was 30.91 % (1.02 mg/g), 29.09 % (0.96 mg/g) and 20.30 % (0.67 mg/g) from total content acids, respectively. The result shows that Arnica foliosa Nutt. is the source of fatty acids, so the use of this plant raw material for new remedies is possible in the futureΠΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π ΠΎΠ΄ Arnica L. β ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
, ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅. Arnica chamissonis Less. ΠΈ Arnica foliosa Nutt., ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Arnica L., ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ΅. Π Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ
Arnica foliosa Nutt. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π»Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π² Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡ
. Π¦Π²Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΈΠ΄Ρ, ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΈΠ΄Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Ρ D-Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ·Ρ ΠΈ D-ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ·Ρ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (ΠΊΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½, Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½, ΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ») ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π°.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎ-ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ (ΠΠ₯/ΠΠ‘) Π² ΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ Arnica foliosa Nutt.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° Arnica foliosa Nutt. ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Agilent 6890N Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ 5973 inert (Agilent Technologies, Π‘Π¨Π).Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠ°Π²Ρ Arnica foliosa Nutt. ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π» Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
(1,61 ΠΌΠ³/Π³; 48,79 % ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ) ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
(1,69 ΠΌΠ³/Π³; 51,21 % ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ) ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Arnica foliosa Nutt. Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ (1,02 ΠΌΠ³/Π³; 30,91 % ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ), Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ (0,96 ΠΌΠ³/Π³; 29,09 % ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ) ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Ρ (0,67 ΠΌΠ³/Π³; 20,30 % ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ) ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ. ΠΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°-3 (Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°) ΠΈ ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°-6 (Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°).ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π² ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ Arnica foliosa Nutt., ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ, Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΎ 30,91 % (1,02 ΠΌΠ³/Π³), 29,09 % (0,96 ΠΌΠ³/Π³) ΠΈ 20,30 % (0,67 ΠΌΠ³/Π³) ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ Arnica foliosa Nutt. ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² Π² Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠΌ Π΄ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ° Π»ΡΠΊΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Ρ
Π²ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Ρ. Π ΡΠ΄ Arnica L. β ΡΡΠ΄ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π°ΠΉΡΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
, Π±Π°Π³Π°ΡΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ² ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΉΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ. Arnica chamissonis Less. ΡΠ° Arnica foliosa Nutt., ΡΠΎ Π½Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Arnica L., Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡΡΡΡΡ. Π£ Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΎ ΡΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎ Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Arnica foliosa Nutt. Π£ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ° ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ²ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π»Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ². ΠΠ²ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈ, ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ D-Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ·Ρ ΡΠ° D-ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ·Ρ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈ (ΠΊΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½, Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½, ΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ») ΡΠ° Π΅ΡΡΡΠ½Ρ ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ.ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΌΡΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎ-ΠΌΠ°Ρ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ (ΠΠ₯/ΠΠ‘) Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π²Ρ Arnica foliosa Nutt.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ. ΠΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ Arnica foliosa Nutt. ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ Agilent 6890N ΡΠ· ΠΌΠ°Ρ-Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ 5973 inert (Agilent Technologies, Π‘Π¨Π).Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ· ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈ Arnica foliosa Nutt. ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π² Π½Π°ΡΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
(1,61 ΠΌΠ³ / Π³; 48,79 % Π²ΡΠ΄ Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ) ΡΠ° Π½Π΅Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
(1,69 ΠΌΠ³ / Π³; 51,21 % Π²ΡΠ΄ Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ) ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Arnica foliosa Nutt. Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠΌΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° (1,02 ΠΌΠ³ / Π³; 30,91 % Π²ΡΠ΄ Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ), Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π° (0,96 ΠΌΠ³ / Π³; 29,09 % Π²ΡΠ΄ Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ) ΡΠ° Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π° (0,67 ΠΌΠ³ / Π³; 20,30 % Π²ΡΠ΄ Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ) ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ. Π¦Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊ ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°-3 (Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°) ΡΠ° ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°-6 (Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π° ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°).ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. Π£ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ, Π² ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Ρ Arnica foliosa Nutt., Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ. ΠΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΡΠ²Π°Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠΌΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°, Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠ° Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π° ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ, Π²ΠΌΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ² 30,91 % (1,02 ΠΌΠ³/Π³), 29,09 % (0,96 ΠΌΠ³/Π³) ΡΠ° 20,30 % (0,67Β ΠΌΠ³/Π³) Π²ΡΠ΄ Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ, Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΡ, ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π° Arnica foliosa Nutt. ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ, ΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌ Ρ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½Π½Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ² Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΠΉΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠΌ
Determination of the optimum extraction regime of reducing compounds and flavonoids of Primula denticulata Smith leaves by a dispersion analysis
Herbal medicines are widely used in the complex treatment of various diseases. Therefore, theoretical and practical interest is the in-depth study of drumstick primrose (Primula denticulata Smith). The study aimed to determine the optimal extraction mode of flavonoids and reducing compounds of drumstick primrose leaves. The concentration of ethanol, the ratio of raw materials and extractant, and extraction method were studied by dispersion analysis. This allowed reducing the number of experiments from 64 to 16. To obtain the alcohol extract of drumstick primrose leaves with the highest content of reducing compounds and flavonoids, found that maceration is the optimal method of extraction, the ratio of raw materials to extractant should be 1 to 5 and 40% ethanol is the most appropriate extractant
Determination of carbohydrates and fructans content in Cyperus esculentus L.
The tiger nut contains different active ingredients like oil, tannins, sterols, saponins, alkaloids, vitamins C and E, minerals, and resins. There is a lack of information about carbohydrates content of Cyperus esculentus L. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the content of carbohydrates of tiger nut herb and tubers. The qualitative composition and quantitative content of carbohydrates in tubers and herb of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) were determined by using a GC/MS method. The results of analysis showed that tiger nut herb have free carbohydrates, namely D-saccharose, D-glucose, D-Mannitol, and D-fructose, while tubers have only disaccharide D-saccharose. Free D-saccharose presented in raw materials in the greatest amount, the content in tubers was 63.72 mg/g, in the herb β 9.79 mg/g, respectively. Monosaccharides and their derivatives after hydrolysis presented to D-glucose, D-xylose, D-galactose, D-arabinose in tubers, and D-xylose, D-glucose, D-arabinose, D-galactose, D-Dulcitol, D-Mannitol, D-mannose in the herb of tiger nut. D-glucose dominates in tubers and D-xylose in the herb, their content was 177.26 mg/g and 39.07 mg/g, respectively. The total content of fructans was determined by the spectrophotometric method. Its content was 13.49% in tubers and 8.78% in the herb of tiger nut