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    Mineralogy, geochemistry and the nature of lightning of luminescent layers in the Bazhenov formation of the West Siberian sedimentary basin

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    ΠΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ-гСохимичСских особСнностСй Π»ΡŽΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… прослоСв, Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² отлоТСниях баТСновской свиты Π½Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ Π—Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎ-Бибирского осадочного бассСйна (Вомской области ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²), ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ состав ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ образования, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… использования ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² для восстановлСния палСогСографичСской истории формирования свиты. ЦСль: ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ минСралогичСскиС ΠΈ гСохимичСскиС особСнности ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ образования Π»ΡŽΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… прослоСв Π² отлоТСниях баТСновской свиты. ΠžΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹: осадочныС ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹, Π»ΡŽΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ прослои ΠΈ Π²ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ отлоТСния баТСновской свиты. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹: рСнтгСновская дифрактомСтрия, пСтрографичСский Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·, ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ элСктронная микроскопия, массспСктромСтрия с ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ связанной ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΎΠΉ, Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎ-эмиссионная спСктромСтрия с ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ связанной ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΎΠΉ, ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·, Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΡŽΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΡ. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. На Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ распространСния баТСновской свиты Π² Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ юго-восточной части Π—Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎ-Бибирского осадочного бассСйна ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Π»ΡŽΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΎΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ освСщСнии прослои ΠΌΠΎΡ‰Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΎΡ‚ 2 ΠΌΠΌ Π΄ΠΎ 15 см. Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ состава ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ прослои Π½Π° Π΄Π²Π΅ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎ основной ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°Π·Π΅. Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ прослоСв I Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ слоТСны Π² основном глинистыми ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡŒΡŽ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π»Π΅Π²Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°. ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ глинистыми ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»Π°ΠΌ Π² Π½ΠΈΡ… ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡˆΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ образования ряда ΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΡ‚- смСктит. Ко II Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ отнСсСны прослои с прСимущСствСнно крСмнистым (ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ†Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ) составом. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… химичСского состава выявлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ прослои ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ содСрТания элСмСнтов (Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€.) ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с Β«ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈΒ» ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ баТСновской свиты Π² связи с Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΌ содСрТаниСм Π·Π°Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ органичСского вСщСства, с ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ связываСтся Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… элСмСнтов. ΠžΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ тория Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π°Ρ… ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… прослоСв. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ исслСдования выявили ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΈ присутствия Π²ΡƒΠ»ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ прослои ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ вулканичСскоС происхоТдСниС ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π² Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ°- ΠΈ катагСнСтичСского прСобразования вулканокластичСского ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Ρ‚ΡƒΡ„ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… осадков Π² присутствии большого количСства органичСского вСщСства.The study of mineralogical and geochemical features of luminescent layers in the Bazhenov formation of West Siberian sedimentary basin (Tomsk region and adjacent regions) will allow clarifying their mineral composition and nature of formation, as well as the opportunity of their use as additional regional horizon to restore the paleogeographic history of the Bazhenov formation. The main aim of the research is to study the mineralogical and geochemical features and determine the origin of luminescent layers in the deposits of the Bazhenov formation. Objects: sedimentary rocks, luminescent layers and enclosing rocks of the Bazhenov formation. Methods: X-ray diffractometry, petrographic analysis, scanning electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, instrumental neutron activation analysis, X-ray luminescence. Results. The luminescent layers in ultraviolet light were detected in the distribution area of the Bazhenov formation in the central and south-eastern part of the West Siberian sedimentary basin. Thickness of layers varies from 2 mm to 15 cm. The study of the mineral composition made it possible to divide the separated layers into two groups according to the main mineral phases. The study of layers of the I group showed that they are composed mainly of clay minerals with an admixture of clastic silty material. The main clay minerals in them are kaolinite and mixed-layer minerals of the illite-smectite series. Layers with a predominantly siliceous (quartz) composition correspond to the II group. When analyzing chemical composition data it was identified that the studied layers as a whole have lower element contents (Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Moand others) compared to the "ordinary" rocks of the Bazhenov formation due to the low content of buried organic matter, which is traditionally associated with the accumulation of some microelements. The elevated concentrations of thorium in the samples of the studied layers are noted. The study shown the signs of the presence of volcanic material. It is assumed that the studied layers are of volcanic origin and were formed as a result of the dia- and catagenetic transformation of the volcanoclastic material of tuff sediments in the presence of a large amount of organic matter

    Different impact of sex on baseline characteristics and major periprocedural outcomes of transcatheter and surgical aortic valve interventions: results of the multicenter Italian OBSERVANT Registry

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    Background: Despite the widespread use of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), the role of sex on outcome after TAVI or surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) has been poorly investigated. We investigated the impact of sex on outcome after TAVI or AVR. Methods: There were 2108 patients undergoing TAVI or AVR who were enrolled in the Italian Observational Multicenter Registry (OBSERVANT). Thirty-day mortality, major periprocedural morbidity, and transprosthetic gradients were stratified by sex according to interventions. Results: Female AVR patients showed a worse risk profile compared with male AVR patients, given the higher mean age, prevalence of frailty score of 2 or higher, New York Heart Association class of 3 or higher, lower body weight, and preoperative hemoglobin level (P ≀.02). Similarly, female TAVI patients had a different risk profile than male TAVI patients, given a higher age and a lower body weight and preoperative hemoglobin level (P ≀.005), but with a similar New York Heart Association class, frailty score, EuroSCORE (P = NS), a better left ventricular ejection fraction and a lower prevalence of left ventricular ejection fraction less than 30%, porcelain aorta, renal dysfunction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, arteriopathy, and previous cardiovascular surgery or percutaneous coronary intervention (P ≀.01). Women showed a smaller aortic annulus than men in both populations (P <.001). Female sex was an independent predictor in the AVR population for risk-Adjusted 30-day mortality (odds ratio [OR], 2.34; P =.043) and transfusions (OR, 1.47; P =.003), but not for risk-Adjusted acute myocardial infarction, stroke, vascular complications, permanent atrioventricular block (P = NS). Female sex was an independent predictor in the TAVI population for risk-Adjusted major vascular complications (OR, 2.92; P =.018) and transfusions (OR, 1.93; P =.003), but proved protective against moderate to severe postprocedural aortic insufficiency (P =.018). Conclusions: Female sex is a risk factor for mortality after aortic valve replacement, for major vascular complications after TAVI, and for transfusions after both approaches. Copyright Β© 2014 by The American Association for Thoracic Surgery
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