Appendix C. A table presenting results of ANOVA testing of the effects of month of fruit maturation on the proportion of fruits removed and bagging treatment (i.e., exposed vs. bagged fruits) and month of flower opening on fruit retention.

A table presenting results of ANOVA testing of the effects of month of fruit maturation on the proportion of fruits removed and bagging treatment (i.e., exposed vs. bagged fruits) and month of flower opening on fruit retention

Appendix B. A table presenting the number (means ± 1 SE) of pollen tubes and fruit set of open- and hand-pollinated flowers and fruit retention time of exposed vs. bagged fruits.

A table presenting the number (means ± 1 SE) of pollen tubes and fruit set of open- and hand-pollinated flowers and fruit retention time of exposed vs. bagged fruits

Appendix E. A figure depicting seasonal changes in hummingbird visitation to an artificial feeder and weather over a 4-yr period.

A figure depicting seasonal changes in hummingbird visitation to an artificial feeder and weather over a 4-yr period

Appendix A. A table presenting results of ANOVA testing of the effects of supplemental hand- vs. open pollination (treatment) and month of flower opening on the mean number of pollen tubes per style and fruit set.

A table presenting results of ANOVA testing of the effects of supplemental hand- vs. open pollination (treatment) and month of flower opening on the mean number of pollen tubes per style and fruit set

Appendix D. A table presenting results of ANOVA testing of the effects of month of flower opening on the proportion of fruits that were removed by animals and bagging treatment (i.e., exposed vs. bagged fruits) and month of flower opening on fruit retention.

A table presenting results of ANOVA testing of the effects of month of flower opening on the proportion of fruits that were removed by animals and bagging treatment (i.e., exposed vs. bagged fruits) and month of flower opening on fruit retention

Appendix D. The correlation between frequency of interaction (f) and estimated degree of specialization (s) of plants and pollinators for 11 data sets.

The correlation between frequency of interaction (f) and estimated degree of specialization (s) of plants and pollinators for 11 data sets

Appendix B. Plots of degree of specialization (s) vs. average specialization of interaction partners (p) for each species in each of 18 data sets.

Plots of degree of specialization (s) vs. average specialization of interaction partners (p) for each species in each of 18 data sets

Appendix A. MATLAB code of null models.

MATLAB code of null models

Appendix A. A description of the 18 data sets included in the study.

A description of the 18 data sets included in the study

Appendix C. The relation between the percentage of species inside the null space of both models and several community characteristics.

The relation between the percentage of species inside the null space of both models and several community characteristics