Patient disposition flow diagram.

<p>Patient disposition flow diagram showing patients included, excluded or lost-to-follow-up within the study cohort. MS: Multiple Sclerosis; RRMS: Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.</p

Healthcare costs for MS treatment and the rate of relapse occurrence, of 1-point EDSS progression, of reaching of EDSS 4.0, of reaching of EDSS 6.0, and of SP conversion.

<p>Healthcare costs for DMT administration and management before the specific endpoint was reached (considered as continuous variables), have been associated with the rate of relapse occurrence, of 1-point disability progression, of reaching of EDSS 4.0, of reaching of EDSS 6.0, and of SP conversion during the follow-up period. P-values, hazard ratios (HR), and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) are shown from time varying Cox regression models, subsequently adjusted for age, gender, disease duration, and baseline EDSS.</p

Kaplan-Meier curves for the probability of relapse occurrence, of 1-point EDSS progression, of reaching of EDSS 4.0, of reaching of EDSS 6.0, and of SP conversion, in relation to annual healthcare costs before the specific study endpoint was reached.

<p>Kaplan-Meier plots estimating the probability of relapse occurrence (<b>A</b>), of experiencing 1-point EDSS progression (<b>B</b>), of reaching of EDSS 4.0 (<b>C</b>), of reaching of EDSS 6.0 (<b>D</b>), and of SP conversion (<b>E</b>), in relation to the annual healthcare costs before the specific study endpoint was reached. P-values and hazard ratios (HR) are shown from time varying Cox regression models. For graphical purposes, healthcare costs have been categorized on the median value (the red line represents costs lower than the median value, whereas the blue line represents costs higher than the median value). EDSS: Expanded Disability Status Scale; HR: Hazard Ratio.</p

Scatter plot for overall annual healthcare costs and relapses.

<p>Scatter plot showing the relationship between overall annual healthcare costs and the ARR. P-value and coefficient from Poisson regression analysis are shown; 95% confidence intervals are represented in grey shadow. ARR: Annualised Relapse Rate; Coef: Coefficient.</p

Demographic features, clinical findings and healthcare costs.

<p>Demographic features, clinical findings and annual healthcare costs for DMT administration and management.</p

The characteristics of the four subgroups identified.

<p>The characteristics of the four subgroups identified.</p

Summary of main features of the clusters according to clinical involvement, severity and age at onset.

<p>Summary of main features of the clusters according to clinical involvement, severity and age at onset.</p

Group characteristics (continuous variables) at baseline (A) and 2-year follow-up (B).

<p>Abb. UPDRS-III: Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, motor section; MMSE: Mini Mental State Examination; FAB: Frontal Assessment battery; HADS: Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale; HADS-D: Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale-depression subscale; HADS-A: Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale-anxiety subscale; NMS: non-motor symptoms; NMS-D: non-motor domains; LEDD: Levo-dopa equivalent daily dosage.</p>a<p>different from group 4 (p<0.01).</p>b<p>different from group 1 (p<0.01).</p>c<p>different from all groups (p<0.01).</p>d<p>different from group 2 and 4 (p<0.01).</p>e<p>different from group 2 (p<0.01).</p>f<p>different from group 1 and 3 (p<0.01).</p>g<p>different from group 1 and 2 (p<0.01).</p

Group characteristics (baseline categorical data).

<p>Group characteristics (baseline categorical data).</p

Demographic and clinical data in the whole cohort of patients.

<p>Abb. UPDRS-III: Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, motor section; MMSE: Mini Mental State Examination; FAB: Frontal Assessment battery; HADS: Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale; HADS-D: Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale-depression subscale; HADS-A: Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale-anxiety subscale; NMS: non-motor symptoms; NMS-D: non-motor domains.</p