Resolving the Timing of Late Pleistocene Dome Emplacement at Mono Craters, California, from U–Th and Ar/Ar Dating

The Mono Craters chain in eastern California is one of the youngest sites of rhyolitic volcanism in North America and comprises at least 28 overlapping lava domes, flows, and tephra rings of mostly Holocene age. New U-series and 40Ar/39Ar geochronological data presented here extend the age of the Mono Craters into the Late Pleistocene. Ion microprobe 238U–230Th isochron dating of unpolished rims of allanite and zircon and 40Ar/39Ar laser fusion and step-heating dating of sanidine from the porphyritic biotite-bearing dome lavas of the Mono Craters yield Late Pleistocene ages, but the two techniques yield discordant results. The 238U–230Th isochron method gives ages of 26 ± 1.2 ka, 38 ± 1.2 ka, and 42 ± 1.1 ka for domes 31 (newly recognized), 24, and 19, respectively, whereas the corresponding 40Ar/39Ar sanidine ages are all older by an amount that exceed analytical errors. The anomalously older 40Ar/39Ar sanidine ages are attributed to excess argon from incompletely degassed antecrysts and/or melt inclusions trapped in juvenile phenocrysts. Explosive eruptions preceded dome emplacement and produced tephra layers in the Wilson Creek formation of ancestral Mono Lake. The independently dated tephra layers can be correlated to the domes via titanomagnetite geochemistry. Correlation of specific tephras to the domes verifies that the 238U–230Th isochron rim ages of euhedral zircon and allanite provide the best estimates of eruption ages for the Mono Craters

Gamification in a Virtual Ecology (GIVE): Enhancing Classroom Engagement in Physical Education among Senior High School Students

The study was geared toward determining the influence of integrating Gamification in a Virtual Ecology (GIVE) in enhancing classroom engagement in physical education among senior high school students in a state university in Pampanga, Philippines. This qualitative-descriptive study included a complete enumeration of the Grade 12 Technical-Vocational-Livelihood (TVL) students who voluntarily participated in this qualitative investigation (n = 58) by responding to open-ended questions. Results of the open-ended questionnaire decipher the influence of gamification on students’ level of engagement and the barriers encountered upon its inclusion. The study utilized Braun and Clarke's Thematic Analysis strategy, which was aided by computer-assisted qualitative analysis software, MAXQDA Analytics Pro 2022. The study revealed two emerging themes that described the influence of gamification in the students' virtual ecology, namely: (1) the effects of the integration of gamified instruction on students’ engagement; and (2) students' problems in using gamified instruction. The findings of this study may predate the institutionalization of the prospective enhancement of the teacher’s capabilities through the aid of gamification to improve the classroom engagement of the students in a virtual ecology towards a better understanding of the lessons in physical education settings

Relationship between herbal medicine knowledge and self-medication with herbal medicine among 20-45 year old adults in Bagong Bayan District, Dasmarinas, Cavite

A cross sectional-analytic design was utilized in this study. Twenty eight (28) adults aged 20 to 45 years old residing in Bagong Bayan District, Dasmarinas, Cavite in 2016 were chosen as respondents using two-stage cluster sampling. A questionnaire guided interview was the instrument utilized and data was analysed using frequency, proportion, mean, range, and chi-square. Results showed that knowledge on herbal medicine had no significant relationship with self-medication with herbal medicine. It was recommended that further studies should be done to explore the correlation between herbal medicine knowledge and use in Dasmarinas, Cavite. The variables between cultural beliefs and self-medication with herbal medicine could also be explored