Local Protests Against Over Tourism: Causes, Effects and Solutions

This study explores the causes of anti-tourism protests and highlights measures to prevent their negative impact on regional tourism sustainability. Local behaviours are analysed through Doxey's Tolerance Model and Social Exchange Theory. Over tourism and the protests organized by local people due to this situation constitute important problems in terms of sustainable tourism. In the study conducted as qualitative research, 88 news content obtained from the Google News platform were examined with thematic analysis method and answers to the research questions were sought. The results show that the main reasons for anti-tourism protests are tourist behaviour, destruction of natural resources, accommodation problems, deficiencies of local governments and exceeding the carrying capacity. In addition, it was determined that the protests against tourists are related to the lack of economic and social benefits that local people obtain from tourism. The study emphasized that anti-tourism movements can damage the international image of the region by creating negative feelings such as fear and anxiety in tourists. Recommendations for local governments include tourist entry and accommodation regulations, environmental measures and guiding tourists' behaviour. The study states that sustainable tourism can be achieved through cooperation between local people, tourists and governments, and recommends that more comprehensive research be conducted in the future. The theoretical importance of this study is that it draws attention to the fact that the basis of anti-tourism protests is not the tourist-local community relationship, but the lack of social and economic welfare and the unsustainable use of resources

School Effectiveness in Terms of Learners’ Growth and Academic Achievement Amidst Socio-Economic Challenges; A Case of Makululu Day Secondary School, Kabwe District, Zambia

This study investigated the school effectiveness of Makululu Day Secondary School in terms of learners’ growth and academic achievement amidst the socio-economic challenges faced by the school community. It further explored the strategies used by the school to improve the academic achievements and overall growth of the students. A qualitative research method was employed using a case study design. Eight teachers were involved using stratified simple random sampling, and data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The results were thematically analysed and they showed that the effectiveness of Makululu Day Secondary School was factored by good teaching and learning strategies employed by the school, learners’ emotional welfare, and community cooperation

The Power of Food Vloggers: A Marketing Perspective on Business Growth and Sales Expansion

Social media marketing is a powerful tool for businesses to connect with customers, and one form of this strategy is vlogging, as it offers engaging content that persuades people to try promoted products. This mixed-method research investigates the effectiveness of food vlogging as a social media marketing strategy in improving sales and profitability. Using paired sample t-tests, the study found a significant increase in sales after the adoption of food vlogging, confirming its impact as a sales-driving tool. However, there was no statistically significant improvement in profitability, indicating that increased sales did not directly translate to higher profit margins. Customer feedback revealed that most were persuaded by food vloggers to try featured products, demonstrating strong influencer impact on purchasing decisions. The marketing manager viewed food vlogging positively but emphasized the need for thorough planning and evaluation before implementation. While food vlogging enhances brand visibility and customer reach, businesses must address challenges like inconsistent viewer engagement and high collaboration costs. To maximize return on investment, the study recommends partnering with influencers who match the target audience and focusing on cost-per-action rather than cost-per-view performance metrics

Improving Science Learning Outcomes Through Stratetic Intervention Materials: A Contextualized Approach for Grade 6 Learners

A study aimed to develop a Strategic Intervention Material (SIM) in science for Grade 6 learners at Tungao Central Elementary School. Observations showed that many students struggled with core science concepts, specifically differentiating between solutes and solvents, describing suspensions, and understanding mixture separation methods such as decantation and the use of magnets. Student performance on first-quarter science tests was evaluated, with 91 learners participating. Two experts assessed the SIMs for quality, accuracy, relevance, and contextualization, leading to refinements. The developed SIMs include guide cards, activity cards, assessment cards, enrichment activities, reference cards, and answer keys. Results highlight the crucial need for context-specific educational interventions to address learning deficits in science. Incorporating contextually relevant materials can significantly enhance teaching effectiveness and student learning outcomes. The contextualized SIMs offer a practical solution for improving student comprehension and performance in challenging scientific concepts, thereby contributing to more effective teaching and learning strategies within the local educational context

Validating Nutrient Deficiencies in Abaca (Musa textilis Née var. Inosa) via Morpho-Physiological and Biochemical Analysis Under Field Conditions

This study was conducted in order to validate and compare the nutrient composition, morpho-physiological and biochemical properties of asymptomatic and symptomatic abaca in the field. This approach may provide insights on the possible association between disease infestation and nutrient deficiency symptoms observed in abaca. Three sampling sites were selected for sample collection; The National Abaca Research Center (NARC), Visayas State University, Baybay City, Leyte, Brgy. Basak, Maasin City and Brgy. Lonoy, Maasin City, Southern Leyte. Five sample plants for both asymptomatic and symptomatic plants were collected for data gathering. Field validation showed that asymptomatic showed better leaf morphology than symptomatic abaca plants. Furthermore, asymptomatic abaca plants have higher chlorophyll a and b content than symptomatic plants. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in asymptomatic abaca plants were higher than symptomatic plants. Nitrogen content was higher in soils from asymptomatic abaca plants while phosphorus and potassium were very high on soils from symptomatic abaca plants. Despite the very high phosphorus and potassium content in symptomatic soils, abaca plants exhibited clear signs of nutrient deficiency, suggesting that excessive P and K may interfere with the availability or uptake of other essential nutrients, such as magnesium, calcium, or micronutrients like zinc and iron resulting to the occurrence of nutrient deficiency symptoms in the abaca plants

Experiences of Neophyte Barangay Councilors: A Phenomenological Study

Effective leadership at the barangay level is essential for responsive and inclusive local governance, yet neophyte barangay councilors often face a steep learning curve as they transition into public service roles. This study explored the experiences of neophyte barangay councilors in a municipality in Zamboanga del Sur. It utilized a qualitative approach and followed a phenomenological research design, employing a semi-structured interview guide in conducting in-depth interview with seven neophyte barangay councilors as participants of this study. Data were analyzed using Moustakas’ thematic analysis method. Moustakas thematic analysis is a method used to explore and interpret the lived experiences of individuals to uncover the essence of a phenomenon. This study identified four themes: bridging idealism with reality facing the challenging yet fulfilling journey of new barangay councilors, navigating leadership with limited preparation, support, and resources, and harnessing collective wisdom and collaborative network for effective leadership. The findings further reveal that newly elected officials often enter office with enthusiasm and idealism but are quickly confronted with the complexities of local governance resulting in uncertainty, administrative difficulties, and diminished confidence, especially in handling technical tasks such as drafting ordinances. It is recommended that the Department of Interior and Local Government may develop a training program targeted at neophyte barangay officials with practical workshops on legislative drafting, and project planning, as well as simulations on handling real-life governance issues

Physico-Chemical Characteristics and In Vitro Rumen Degradability of Insect Frass as NPN Source for Mineral Blocks in Goats

The study was conducted to determine the potential of superworm (Zophobas morio) larvae (SWL) and black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae (BSFL) frass at 10% inclusion as non-protein nitrogen (NPN) source in formulating mineral blocks for goats, with emphasis on the physico-chemical properties of the mineral blocks, and to assess the extent of feed degradation in goats supplemented with insect frass-based mineral block through an in vitro degradability trial. A total of 16 post-weaned goats were used to determine the effects of supplementing insect frass-based mineral blocks on the feed degradation in goats. The goats were arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four (4) treatments and four (4) blocks with initial body weight (BW) as the blocking factor. Treatment A (control), Treatment B (urea molasses mineral block) (UMMB), Treatment C (superworm larvae frass mineral block) (SWLFMB), and Treatment D (black soldier fly larvae frass mineral block) (BSFLFMB) served as treatments. Based on the results, insect frass-based mineral blocks showed potential as a good nutritional supplement for goats. These mineral blocks offer valuable sources of protein, non-protein nitrogen (NPN), and minerals. Evaluation of hardness and solubility indicated that the SWLFMB showed better hardness and compactness, but demonstrated the highest solubility among formulations. In contrast, the UMMB displayed relatively low hardness and compactness, yet was the least soluble of all the mineral block variants. Moreover, in vitro studies showed no significant difference among treatments. Therefore, insect frass-based mineral blocks are a viable alternative source of minerals and NPN for goats, which can be utilized to optimize ruminant feed resources

The Influence of Behavioral Skills and Instructional Challenges on Teaching Performance of Public Elementary Teachers

The primary objective of this study was to assess the level of teaching performance among public elementary school teachers in Magdalena District, Division of Laguna. Specifically, the study aimed to evaluate the teachers\u27 behavioral skills and identify instructional challenges that may impact their performance. The findings of this research are intended to serve as the foundation for developing targeted intervention programs aimed at enhancing teacher effectiveness and promoting the delivery of quality education. A descriptive research design was employed, utilizing survey questionnaires, interviews, and classroom observations to gather data. A total of 100 public elementary school teachers from the Magdalena Sub-Office were selected as respondents.The results revealed significant positive relationships among behavioral skills, instructional challenges, and various dimensions of teaching performance. Notably, competencies such as effective communication, conflict resolution, and content delivery emerged as the most influential predictors of successful teaching outcomes. These findings underscore the importance of ongoing professional development focused on behavioral and instructional competencies. Furthermore, addressing issues related to resource availability and embracing classroom diversity were identified as critical factors in enhancing teaching performance. Overall, the study highlights the necessity for a comprehensive, skill-based approach to teacher development in order to foster a more effective and enriching educational environment. &nbsp

Exploring the Experiences of Women Entrepreneurs in Pagadian City

This study explores the experiences of women entrepreneurs in Pagadian City, focusing on their challenges, motivations, and achievements. Women entrepreneurs play a vital role in the local economy, yet they often face unique struggles that require perseverance and innovation. Through interviews and observations, this research examines their personal and professional journeys, shedding light on the factors that influence their entrepreneurial ventures. The findings reveal that women entrepreneurs in Pagadian City encounter various challenges, including financial limitations, intense market competition, and societal expectations regarding gender roles. Despite these obstacles, many have demonstrated resilience and adaptability, utilizing innovative strategies to grow their businesses. Support systems, such as family, community networks, and local organizations, play a significant role in their success. This study also uncovers the motivations that drive these women to pursue entrepreneurship, such as achieving financial independence, fulfilling personal aspirations, and providing for their families. Their stories reflect the importance of empowerment, determination, and creativity in overcoming barriers and building sustainable enterprises. The insights from this research aim to inspire aspiring women entrepreneurs and encourage policymakers and organizations to create initiatives that address the needs of women-owned businesses. By fostering a supportive environment, these efforts can contribute to the growth of the local economy and promote gender equality in entrepreneurship

Automated Vehicle Access Control System Utilizing Computer Vision-Based License Plate Recognition

The evaluation of the Automated Vehicle Access Control System utilizing Computer Vision-Based License Plate Recognition demonstrated excellent performance based on ISO/IEC 25010:2011 quality metrics, achieving a Grand Mean of 3.31, categorized as "Excellent." Individual metrics such as Maintainability (3.38), Portability (3.40), and Reliability (3.35) ranked highest, reflecting the system\u27s robust quality. The system’s functionality and performance were also rated "Highly Accepted" by respondents, with a Grand Mean of 3.47. Readiness evaluations indicated the infrastructure and personnel were "Very Ready" to support implementation, with a Grand Mean of 3.47. These findings align with related studies emphasizing the efficiency of image-based entry management systems employing vehicle and facial recognition technologies, which enhance security, automate access control, and reduce manual workload. Leveraging advanced techniques like CNN and OpenCV, these systems prove effective in organizational settings, providing real-time monitoring, attendance tracking, and vehicle management capabilities. The high accuracy and readiness demonstrated by the system affirm its reliability and effectiveness for deployment