Transgenerational induction of wild radish palatability trials results

Results from three palatability trials. Leaf tissue from wild radish plants with differing histories of herbivore induction (induced or non-induced ("I" or "N") for grandparents, parents, and current generation) presented to either a generalist slug or a specialist caterpillar. Leaf weight consumed measured after 18 hours as well as weight of the herbivore as a covariate

Location of the <i>Crataegus monogyna</i> populations studied.

<p>The limits of the natural distribution of the plants in Europe are shown in grey <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0074356#pone.0074356-Lang1" target="_blank">[15]</a>.</p

Results of the reduced models (see Methods for details) to analyze the factors affecting the differences among populations in (A) average fruit size, (B) average seed size, (C) subindividual fruit size variation, and (D) subindividual seed size variation.

<p>Explanatory variables analyzed were seed size, precipitation, latitude and phenotypic selection (total selection coefficient (<i>S</i>) exerted by seed dispersers). Note that seed size was included as explanatory variable only when the response variable was average fruit size or fruit size subindividual variation.</p

Plant size.

<p>Predicted plant diameter depending on the presence or absence of herbivory and of cattle (N = 1,201 plants). Error lines are 95% confidence intervals.</p

Density of different oak class sizes.

<p>Predicted density of different class sizes found at our study depending on the presence or absence of cattle (N = 72 sampling plots). Error lines are 95% confidence intervals. Note that in the case of adult trees the confidence intervals for predicted values are not visible because of their small size. Young plants: seedlings (plants with basal diameter less than 1 cm) and saplings (plants with basal diameter>1 cm and height<130 cm); Adult trees: plants with basal diameter>7.5 and height>130 cm.</p

Location of the sampling ranches of coast live oak populations in Northern California, USA.

<p>JRBP, Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve; EP, Edgewood Preserve; AP, Enid Pearson-Arrastradero Preserve; HNHR, Hastings Natural History Reservation; ORR, Oak Ridge Ranch; TD, The Dish at Stanford University; BP, Briones Regional Park; WCRP, Wildcat Canyon Regional Park. The management condition of the study sites is indicated in parenthesis: CW, cattle and wildlife; WO, wildlife only.</p

Summary of the Generalized Linear Mixed Models fitted for oak plant density (including adult trees (A) and young plants (B) – seedlings and saplings) as the response variable.

<p>Summary of the Generalized Linear Mixed Models fitted for oak plant density (including adult trees (A) and young plants (B) – seedlings and saplings) as the response variable.</p

Effects of cattle management on oak regeneration in Northern Californian Mediterranean oak woodlands

<p>Database of the paper accepted in PLOS ONE journal:</p> <p>Effects of cattle management on oak regeneration in Northern Californian Mediterranean oak woodlands</p

Summary of the Generalized Linear Mixed Models fitted for occurrence of herbivory as the response variable.

<p>Treat: Treatment.</p

Location and main features of the ranches where coast live oak populations were sampled.

<p>Values in parentheses indicate the number of years livestock have been absent, where applicable. JRBP, Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve; EP, Edgewood Preserve; AP, Enid Pearson-Arrastradero Preserve; HNHR, Hastings Natural History Reservation; ORR, Oak Ridge Ranch; TD, The Dish at Stanford University; BP, Briones Regional Park; WCRP, Wildcat Canyon Regional Park.</p