Sand flies as environmental samples: expression profiles in EVL and NEVL sand flies correlated with environmental conditions and taxa previously identified in these samples.

<p>This figure integrates data from the function categories identified in these wild EVL and NEVL sand flies with sampling site characteristics and taxa previously found in these same samples <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0058645#pone.0058645-McCarthy1" target="_blank">[22]</a>. Figures are only schematic and not an exact representation of either the sampling sites, phlebotomine sand flies or identified taxa. A) Shows the function categories that the transcripts were assigned to in all the samples and the number of transcripts assigned to each function category for each sample. Values are expressed on a logarithmic scale and indicated for each sample on the corresponding bar. Significant differences in the number of transcripts in each category between samples (Fisher's Exact Test; p<0.05) are indicated as: a, significantly overrepresented with respect to PP1; b, significantly overrepresented with respect to PP2; c, significantly overrepresented with respect to SS1; and d, significantly overrepresented with respect to SS2. B) The top part shows a schematic of the sandflies (female or male) from both locations and of the taxa we previously identified in all four samples <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0058645#pone.0058645-McCarthy1" target="_blank">[22]</a>. Barrels group the taxa found in each sample. Previously identified taxa in SS1: bacteria, protists, metazoans (human) and plants; SS2: protists, metazoans (human and chicken) and plants; PP1: bacteria, fungi, metazoans (human, chicken and lizard) and plants; and PP2: bacteria, fungi, metazoans (human) and plants. Taxa are represented schematically and the particular species identified for each taxonomical group are not shown, except in the case of metazoans. The bottom part shows the most significant ecological characteristics of both capture site locations in Argentina and Brazil, Posadas and Lapinha Cave, respectively. Only those animal species confirmed in the sampling sites in both locations at the time of sampling were represented schematically. EVL sampling site (Posadas, Argentina): human, dog, cat and chicken; NEVL sampling site (Lapinha Cave, Brazil): human and chicken. SS1 (indicated in yellow): EVL adult female <i>Lu. longipalpis</i> (Posadas, Argentina); SS2 (indicated in orange): EVL adult male <i>Lu. longipalpis</i> (Posadas, Argentina); PP1 (indicated in green): NEVL adult female <i>Lu. longipalpis</i> (Lapinha Cave, Brazil); PP2 (indicated in pale blue): NEVL adult male <i>Lu. longipalpis</i> (Lapinha Cave, Brazil).</p

Spatial distribution of the proportion of dogs and sandfly.

<p>Spatial distribution of the proportion of rK39+ dogs (a) and sandfly accumulated abundance (b). Circle size represents the arbitrarily categorized values of the proportion of rK39+ dogs, and abundance of <i>Lu</i>. <i>longipalpis</i>, respectively. In parenthesis, number of sampling sites are indicated.</p

Land cover classification of the city.

<p>Land cover vectorial obtained after a non-supervised classification of the NDVI raster image. Sand-fly sampling sites are represented by the ▲ symbol. Areas of 50 m radius around the trap were used to calculate each type of cover proportion.</p

Candidate models, variables included and habitat/s.

<p>For Hurdle models:</p><p>^aAbundance part,</p><p>^bPresence part.</p><p>Candidate models, variables included and habitat/s.</p

Parameters of the final model.

<p>Bootstrapped parameter estimates of the reduced final model, <i>Hurdle Shade/Macro</i>, bootstrap SE values, and 95% BC a confidence limits (CLs) for covariates predicting the presence (binomial model) and abundance (count model) of sandflies in the city of Santo Tomé. Bold covariates do not include 0 in their CLs.</p><p>Parameters of the final model.</p

Environmental variables used to explain the variation in <i>Lu</i>. <i>longipalpis</i> abundance at Santo Tomé, Corrientes.

<p>^a measured in a 50 m buffer area around the trap.</p><p>Environmental variables used to explain the variation in <i>Lu</i>. <i>longipalpis</i> abundance at Santo Tomé, Corrientes.</p