Scientific design of skylights

This paper intends to present a critical reality in contemporary design, the astonishing coexistence of buildings in which daylighting has been carefully considered and simulated, and others in which this issue is treated with haphazard design gestures. Although initial simulation models in the daylighting field were very much distanced from the actual practicing architect, this is no longer the case in our opinion, and also, it is a fact, that the role of apertures in all the relevant thermal exchanges that occur in buildings has been thoroughly recognized. However, many types of designs or even bioclimatic designs do not consider lighting simulations from the beginning of the design-process, and they are presented as correct if only the thermal balance meets, even at the risk of later energy waste in lighting devices and visual or physical discomfort

Malnutrition management of hospitalized patients with diabetes/hyperglycemia and sarcopenia

Hiperglucemia; Diabetes; SarcopeniaHyperglycemia; Diabetes; SarcopeniaHiperglucèmia; Diabetis; SarcopèniaLa sarcopenia se describe como una afección multidimensional que afecta negativamente a la masa muscular, la fuerza muscular y el rendimiento físico. La prevalencia de sarcopenia en personas con diabetes es muy superior a la de la población general, especialmente en individuos que presentan un estado nutricional deficiente. Tanto la sarcopenia como la desnutrición son condiciones susceptibles de intervención para mejorar el pronóstico clínico. El presente artículo describe los resultados del consenso de expertos y las respuestas de los panelistas sobre el manejo nutricional en la práctica clínica habitual de los pacientes con diabetes/hiperglucemia hospitalizados en planta (no críticos) con sarcopenia concurrente.Sarcopenia is a multidimensional condition that negatively affects muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance. The prevalence of sarcopenia in people with diabetes is much higher than that of the general population, especially in individuals with poor nutritional status. Both sarcopenia and malnutrition are conditions amenable to intervention to improve clinical prognosis. This article describes the results of the expert consensus and the responses of the panelists on the nutritional management in routine clinical practice of patients with diabetes/hyperglycemia hospitalized (non-critically ill) with sarcopenia

Street guide as a literary genre: La Manada City

This study thoroughly examines La Manada (The Wolf Pack) City, an artwork that illuminates the various forms of violence and oppression experienced by urban communities, particularly women and marginalized groups. Our research specifically focuses on the literary elements of this painted map which demonstrates the transition from defensive to artistic strategies as a means of survival. Initially, we aim to provide a comprehensive background of the artwork, including its title, social context, the incidents that inspired the idea, and the author’s activism. Subsequently, we scrutinize the literary resources of the 257 items that comprise the street guide of the map. By analysing the various names given to locations on the map, including literary devices and semantic fields, we observe reminiscences of classic surrealist paintings and the artist’s ability to protect herself while revealing the violence hidden behind the guise of antithesis, alliteration, metaphor, and other literary devices. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our research, we compared it to two other maps with different intentions. Our findings confirm the strength of La Manada City, which operates both locally and globally. As a representation of the former emporium city of Seville, our map exposes the adverse impact of dominant capitalistic strategies on community life, perpetuating inequalities for countless “poor owners of the world” by disregarding nature and culture

Standards for the Use of Enteral Nutrition in Patients with Diabetes or Stress Hyperglycaemia: Expert Consensus

(1) Background: Hyperglycaemia that occurs during enteral nutrition (EN) should be prevented and treated appropriately since it can have important consequences for morbidity and mortality. However, there are few quality studies in the literature regarding the management of EN in this situation. The objective of this project was to attempt to respond, through a panel of experts, to those clinical problems regarding EN in patients with diabetes or stress hyperglycaemia (hereinafter referred to only as hyperglycaemia) for which we do not have conclusive scientific evidence; (2) Methods: The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method, a modified Delphi panel method, was applied. A panel of experts made up of 10 clinical nutrition specialists was formed, and they scored on the appropriateness of EN in hyperglycaemia, doing so in two rounds. A total of 2992 clinical scenarios were examined, which were stratified into five chapters: type of formula used, method of administration, infusion site, treatment of diabetes, and gastrointestinal complications. (3) Results: consensus was detected in 36.4% of the clinical scenarios presented, of which 23.7% were deemed appropriate scenarios, while 12.7% were deemed inappropriate. The remaining 63.6% of the scenarios were classified as uncertain; (4) Conclusions: The recommendations extracted will be useful for improving the clinical management of these patients. However, there are still many uncertain scenarios reflecting that the criteria for the management of EN in hyperglycaemia are not completely standardised. More studies are required to provide quality recommendations in this area