México: La ecología perfecta para garrapatas y sus enfermedades transmisibles

Las garrapatas son parásitos que pueden albergar agentes zoonóticos, el estudio de su microbioma nos indica que patógenos están circulando en una determinada región geográfica y en su fauna endémica

Evaluation of factors leading to poor outcomes for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Mexico: a multi-institutional report of 2,116 patients

Background and aimsPediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survival rates in low- and middle-income countries are lower due to deficiencies in multilevel factors, including access to timely diagnosis, risk-stratified therapy, and comprehensive supportive care. This retrospective study aimed to analyze outcomes for pediatric ALL at 16 centers in Mexico.MethodsPatients <18 years of age with newly diagnosed B- and T-cell ALL treated between January 2011 and December 2019 were included. Clinical and biological characteristics and their association with outcomes were examined.ResultsOverall, 2,116 patients with a median age of 6.3 years were included. B-cell immunophenotype was identified in 1,889 (89.3%) patients. The median white blood cells at diagnosis were 11.2.5 × 103/mm3. CNS-1 status was reported in 1,810 (85.5%), CNS-2 in 67 (3.2%), and CNS-3 in 61 (2.9%). A total of 1,488 patients (70.4%) were classified as high-risk at diagnosis. However, in 52.5% (991/1,889) of patients with B-cell ALL, the reported risk group did not match the calculated risk group allocation based on National Cancer Institute (NCI) criteria. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and PCR tests were performed for 407 (19.2%) and 736 (34.8%) patients, respectively. Minimal residual disease (MRD) during induction was performed in 1,158 patients (54.7%). The median follow-up was 3.7 years. During induction, 191 patients died (9.1%), and 45 patients (2.1%) experienced induction failure. A total of 365 deaths (17.3%) occurred, including 174 deaths after remission. Six percent (176) of patients abandoned treatment. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) was 58.9% ± 1.7% for B-cell ALL and 47.4% ± 5.9% for T-cell ALL, while the 5-year overall survival (OS) was 67.5% ± 1.6% for B-cell ALL and 54.3% ± 0.6% for T-cell ALL. The 5-year cumulative incidence of central nervous system (CNS) relapse was 5.5% ± 0.6%. For the whole cohort, significantly higher outcomes were seen for patients aged 1–10 years, with DNA index >0.9, with hyperdiploid ALL, and without substantial treatment modifications. In multivariable analyses, age and Day 15 MRD continued to have a significant effect on EFS.ConclusionOutcomes in this multi-institutional cohort describe poor outcomes, influenced by incomplete and inconsistent risk stratification, early toxic death, high on-treatment mortality, and high CNS relapse rate. Adopting comprehensive risk-stratification strategies, evidence-informed de-intensification for favorable-risk patients and optimized supportive care could improve outcomes

Detección de Borrelia burgdorferi, Ehrlichia canis y Ehrlichia chaffeensis en garrapatas recolectadas de perros en Monterrey, Nuevo León, México

La enfermedad de Lyme, erliquiosis monocítica humana y la erliquiosis canina son padecimientos que en recientes reportes médicos han incrementado su incidencia en nuestro país. Hasta hoy el papel como vector de Rhipicephalus spp en la transmisión de Borrelia burgdorferi y Ehrlichia chaffeensis se ha limitado a que la creencia es en medio rural o silvestre, el presente trabajo recopilo garrapatas en la ciudad de Monterrey encontrando artrópodos infectados demostrando su participación en el ciclo biológico adaptado a fauna endémica de nuestra ciudad

Presence of Borrelia burgdorferi and rickettsial pathogens in Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks of Monterrey, city of Northeastern of Mexico

Rhipicephalus sp is endemic throughout the world, it has capacity of host and transmit pathogens to the dogs and keep enzootic cycle of R. rickettsi and Ehrlichia canis (E. canis), causal agent spotted fever from the rocky mountain spotted fever and the canine Ehrlichiosis respectively. Emergent tick borne disease was reported in Mexico recently, but the domestic cycle has been not studied

Primer reporte del agente zoonótico anaplasma phagocytophilum en garrapatas dermacentor sp colectadas de ursus americanus en Monterrey

En las enfermedades que son transmitidas por garrapatas el agente etiológico Anaplasma phagocytophilum es el causante de la enfermedad conocida como Anaplasmosis granulocítica humana. En la ciudad de Monterrey la interacción en épocas de sequía que realiza el oso negro (ursus americanus eremicus) que es habitante endémico de la sierra madre oriental donde también existen áreas urbanizadas, algunas de estos animales incluso han tenido contacto directo con humanos y perros dando lugar a posibles interacciones de vectores. En nuestro país no se tienen reportes de microorganismos en especies silvestres. La presencia de agentes patógenos en vectores que pueden parasitar especies domesticas y/o humanas debe de ser de reporte obligatorio debido a la importancia en identificar los hospederos intermediarios y centinelas para determinar su ciclo silvestre y peridoméstico en esta zona geográfic

Lamiaceae in Mexican Species, a Great but Scarcely Explored Source of Secondary Metabolites with Potential Pharmacological Effects in Pain Relief

The search for molecules that contribute to the relief of pain is a field of research in constant development. Lamiaceae is one of the most recognized families world-wide for its use in traditional medicine to treat diseases that include pain and inflammation. Mexico can be considered one of the most important centers of diversification, and due to the high endemism of this family, it is crucial for the in situ conservation of this family. Information about the most common genera and species found in this country and their uses in folk medicine are scarcely reported in the literature. After an extensive inspection in bibliographic databases, mainly Sciencedirect, Pubmed and Springer, almost 1200 articles describing aspects of Lamiaceae were found; however, 217 articles were selected because they recognize the Mexican genera and species with antinociceptive and/or anti-inflammatory potential to relieve pain, such as Salvia and Agastache. The bioactive constituents of these genera were mainly terpenes (volatile and non-volatile) and phenolic compounds such as flavonoids (glycosides and aglycone). The aim of this review is to analyze important aspects of Mexican genera of Lamiaceae, scarcely explored as a potential source of secondary metabolites responsible for the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of these species. In addition, we point out the possible mechanisms of action involved and the modulatory pathways investigated in different experimental models. As a result of this review, it is important to mention that scarce information has been reported regarding species of this family from Mexican genera. In fact, despite Calosphace being one of the largest subgenera of Salvia in the world, found mainly in Mexico, it has been barely investigated regarding its potential biological activities and recognized bioactive constituents. The scientific evidence regarding the different bioactive constituents found in species of Lamiaceae demonstrates that several species require further investigation in preclinical studies, and of course also in controlled clinical trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of these natural products to support their therapeutic potential in pain relief and/or inflammation, among other health conditions. Since Mexico is one of the most important centers of diversification, and due to the high endemism of species of this family, it is crucial their rescue, in situ conservation, and investigation of their health benefits

Material audiovisual : aprende y juega con las emociones

El trabajo obtuvo un Premio Tomás García Verdejo a las buenas prácticas educativas en la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura para el curso académico 2015/2016. Modalidad ASe describe una proyecto llevado a cabo en el CEE Antonio Tomillo de Zafra (Badajoz), que consistió en la elaboración de materiales audiovisuales para trabajar las emociones en la educación especial. Se realizaron actividades, dinámicas y juegos para incorporar el uso de la inteligencia emocional y social como una forma positiva, que favorece los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje, mejora el bienestar personal y colectivo y las relaciones entre todos los sectores implicados en la educación: el alumnado, el centro y las familiasExtremaduraES

Persiguiendo mis sueños : por un empleo inclusivo

El trabajo obtuvo un Premio Tomás García Verdejo a las buenas prácticas educativas en la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura para el curso 2021/2022. Modalidad AEl proyecto fue llevado a cabo por la totalidad del Claustro de profesores y personal del Centro y por los profesionales que se relacionan como autoresSe presenta un proyecto llevado a cabo en el CEE San Marcos de Almendralejo (Badajoz) que nació de la preopupación por las dificultades que tienen las personas con discapacidad intelectual para integrarse en el mundo laboral. Los objetivos del proyecto fueron: diseñar una metodología de apoyo al empleo para las personas con discapacidad intelectual; sensibilizar al sector empresarial sobre el empleo inclusivo colaborando con la entidad Includes de Almendralejo, profesionales del ayuntamiento, responsables de empresas, etc. y establecer alianzas que generen oportunidades a este colectivoES

Estudios rurales en México

Los estudios rurales en México se han convertido en una posibilidad de visualizar las potencialidades que tiene la vida rural contemporánea, ya que durante las últimas décadas en las poblaciones rurales, la interacción de procesos económicos, sociales y culturales se ha dinamizado de manera significativa para propiciar diversas transformaciones; que si bien han implicado el acceso a mejores oportunidades y servicios para algunos estratos de la población, también han evidenciado importantes problemas y consecuencias no deseables, sobre todo en áreas rurales con presencia de grupos originarios, donde los sistemas sociales no responden al unísono a estos cambios económicos y sociales lo que ha propiciado una diferenciación de percepciones en torno a lo rural