Information and digital literacy challenges: a guide to bridge the gap between natives and digital immigrants

La alfabetización mediática y la alfabetización informacional se han convertido en un problema socioeconómico que excede el alcance de las bibliotecas. Las estructuras educativas formales, universidades y escuelas están seriamente involucradas en este tipo de alfabetización. Algunas instituciones privadas también están asumiendo parte de la alfabetización tecnológica de los trabajadores. Los organismos internacionales, OCDE, Unión Europea, Unesco y otros están redefiniendo las nuevas competencias básicas del siglo XXI. Las bibliotecas universitarias tienen experiencia en programas de alfabetización informacional. Falta definir el papel de las bibliotecas públicas como agentes formadores que ayuden a las distintas comunidades a superar la brecha entre nativos e inmigrantes digitales.Media and informational literacy has become a socioeconomic problem beyond the scope of the libraries. Formal education structures, universities and schools, are seriously involved in this kind of literacy. Some private institutions are also taking part in the Information Technology (IT) literacy of workers. International agencies, OECD, European Union, UNESCO and others are redefining the new basic skills for the 21st century. University libraries have experience in information literacy programs but it’s necessary to define the role of public libraries as forming agents that help different communities to bridge the gap between natives and digital immigrantsPublicad

Intranets y preservación digital, algo más que tecnología

Análisis sobre la evolución de las intranets, sus actores y servicios. Se reflexiona sobre el cambio que se ha producido en las ntranets desde una perspectiva tecnológica a una perspectiva funcional, la importancia en el diseño de las intranets más allá de los criterios puramente estéticos y la urgencia en abordar cuestiones relacionadas con la preservación digital a medida que las intranets crecen

Sense of coherence and substance use in Spanish adolescents. Does the effect of SOC depend on patterns of substance use in their peer group?

Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron analizar las relaciones entre el sentido de coherencia (SOC) y el consumo de sustancias en los adolescentes españoles y el potencial efecto moderador de los patrones de consumo de sustancias en el grupo de iguales en dicha relación. La muestra constaba de 5475 adolescentes españoles de 15 a 18 años, participantes en la edición 2010 del estudio Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC). Los análisis estadísticos consistieron en análisis de cluster, para identificar grupos de adolescentes según los patrones de consumo de sustancias en su grupo de iguales, y regresión logística, con el SOC y los patrones de consumo en el grupo de iguales como predictores del consumo actual de tabaco y alcohol, episodios de embriaguez alguna vez en la vida y en la actualidad. Los resultados mostraron que un fuerte SOC parecía reducir la probabilidad de consumo de tabaco y episodios de embriaguez, pero no se asoció con el consumo actual de alcohol. Además, el efecto protector del SOC estaba moderado por los patrones de consumo del grupo de iguales. En concreto, el SOC tuvo un efecto protector significativo en los adolescentes cuyo grupo de iguales mostraba un patrón de no consumo o de frecuente consumo de alcohol y episodios de embriaguez ocasionales, pero el efecto del SOC desapareció si el patrón de consumo de los iguales incluía drogas ilegales. En conclusión, el SOC tiende a actuar como un factor protector individual respecto al consumo de sustancias durante la adolescencia, pero la influencia del grupo de iguales parece moderar dicho efecto protector del SOC.The aims of this work were to analyse the relationships between sense of coherence (SOC) and substance use among Spanish adolescents and to examine the potential moderator effect of the patterns of substance use in the peer group. Sample consisted of 5475 Spanish adolescents aged 15 to 18 from the 2010 edition of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. Statistical analysis included cluster analysis to identify groups of adolescents according to their peer group’s patterns of substance use and logistic regression with SOC and peers’ pattern of consumption as predictors of current tobacco use, current alcohol use, life-time drunkenness and current drunkenness. The results showed that a strong SOC seemed to reduce the adolescents’ likelihood of involving in tobacco use and drunkenness, but it was not associated with being a current drinker. In addition, the protective effect of SOC was moderated by peers’ patterns of substance use. Specifically, SOC had a significant protective influence in adolescents whose peer group showed either a nonconsumption pattern or a pattern of frequent alcohol use and occasional drunkenness; but the protective effect of SOC disappeared if peers showed a pattern of consumption that included illegal drugs. In conclusion, SOC tends to act as a protective personal variable with respect to substance use during adolescence, but the influence exerted by the peer group seems to moderate the aforementioned protective effect of SOC

El uso de metadatos en archivos orales digitales accesibles a través de internet

VI Encontro Ibérico EDICIC 2013En la actualidad, y en el contexto de internet, los archivos orales adquieren importancia y protagonismo, en parte, por los retos que plantean su conservación y preservación pero también por los avances relacionadoscon la accesibilidad y la recuperación de sus contenidos y materiales. Hoy, la tendencia de este tipo de archivos apunta a la codificación de sus contenidos en lenguaje de marcado XML, el uso metadatos y esquemas para la integración de textos, audios, imágenes fijas y en movimiento, así como de aplicaciones tecnológicas que permitan su sincronización. Sin embargo, no todos los proyectos usan los mismos esquemas de metadatos, algunos de los que más se utilizan son: Dublin Core, EBUCore, PBCore y MODS, METS, MARCXML, EAD en menor medida.Publicad

Parent–child relationships and adolescents' life satisfaction across the first decade of the new millennium

Objective To examine whether changes occurred in parent–child relationships (maternal and paternal affection, ease of communication with the mother and father, maternal and paternal knowledge, and family activities) between 2002 and 2010 in boys and girls and to examine the contributions of these family dimensions to life satisfaction. Background Although parent–child relationships may be affected by social change, there are few investigations of change in parent–child relationships over time. Method The sample consisted of 46,593 adolescents between 11 to 18 years of age who participated in the 2002, 2006, or 2010 editions of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study in Spain. Trend analysis including univariate analyses of variance (ANOVAs) and factorial ANOVAs were conducted separately for boys and girls, and effect size tests were calculated. Results Communication with fathers and family activities statistically increased across HBSC editions and parent–child relationships were positively associated with life satisfaction across the examined period. Conclusion There were small positive changes in some family dimensions, and some of them were increasingly important for adolescent life satisfaction over time. Implications Interventions for strengthening parent–child relationships and promoting adolescent well-being should include mothers and fathers and emphasize affection, communication, and family activities.Ministerio de Educación FPU2009-097

Assessing adolescents' information management with mothers and fathers: a brief report

Adolescents’ information management is a fundamental topic for research on adolescence, with numerous studies using Kerr and Stattin’s (2000; Stattin & Kerr, 2000) scale or adapted versions from this tool for the assessment of this key dimension of parent-child relationships. Although this measure was initially considered to be a unidimensional scale assessing disclosure, studies later suggested a two-factor structure, making a distinction between disclosure and secrecy. The objective of this study is to analyse the factorial structure of Kerr and Stattin’s (2000) original scale of routine disclosure, including a separate analysis of the scale functioning when used to assess information management with mothers and with fathers. Participants came from a representative sample of Spanish adolescents aged 11–18 years old who had taken part in the 2014 edition of the WHO-collaborative survey Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC). Confirmatory factor analysis was performed using EQS 6.1 to compare two competing factorial structures based on the literature: one factor vs two correlated factors. Results showed that the two correlated-factors structure had a better fit to the data, both for the analysis of the maternal and paternal scales. However, one of the disclosure items also loaded on secrecy, which can be attributed to the item content. Therefore, although our results further support the differentiation between disclosure and secrecy, they also point to a possible effect of the imbalance of item content in this scale functioning, which requires attention in future research.Ministerio de Salud, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad de Españ

Analysis of expression of the argC and argD genes in the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120.

A cloned DNA fragment from Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 that complements an arginine auxotrophic mutant from the same organism was found to include an open reading frame encoding a 427-residue polypeptide that is homologous to N-acetylornithine aminotransferase from Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The gene encoding N-acetylornithine aminotransferase in bacteria has been named argD. The expression of Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 argD, as well as of argC, was analyzed at the mRNA level. Both genes were transcribed as monocistronic mRNAs, and their expression was not affected by exogenously added arginine. Primer extension analysis identified transcription start points for both genes which were preceded by sequences similar to that of the E. coli RNA polymerase sigma 70 consensus promoter. A second transcription start point for the argD gene that is not preceded by a sigma 70 consensus promoter was detected in dinitrogen-grown culturesEspaña Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia PB90-011

Ideias, an evaluation model for digital inclusion and information literacy with a focus on health

The project objective for Ideias (Digital inclusion and informational education for health) has been to improve the processes of digital inclusion in the Northeast of Brazil through training and technological development. The first results of the project include an evaluation model applied to the Community health agents (ACS) of the state of Sergipe, an entity of great importance in the Universal Health System (SUS) in Brazil. The proposed model involves skills, knowledge and attitudes with an educational interest, which the model mixes and interweaves in topics such as health, education for information, technology training and ethics

Open data and data repositories: a new challenge for librarians

The concept of open data, which demands that many more conditions be met than simple internet accessability in any format, is analyzed. Some examples are given about the importance of open data repositories in efforts to promote transparency in science and avoid scientific fraud. Some of the main problems in the management of data repositories are discussed