NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR FUTURE LIVING. A proposal for 2100s Milan.

Evolutionary dynamics and the current environmental, social and economic emergencies envisage new urban visions requiring designers to shift the reference time’s horizon towards long-period scenarios. The contribution refers to this context with the aim to investigate future inhabiting presenting the results of a design experience of urban regeneration led in Milan for RELIVE 2019 competition. The project draws inspiration from last century’s utopian cities visions and is developed based on an Amplified Requirements Framework projected towards long-term scenarios. The design proposal integrates traditional tools and technologies with the new possibilities offered by Key Enabling Technologies prefiguring a replicable model for a resilient, inclusive and lowenvironmental impact city

Clinical and epidemiological features of ulcerative colitis patients in Sardinia, Italy: Results from a multicenter study

BACKGROUND There are little data on the epidemiological and clinical features of adult patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) in the different Italian regions, mainly derived from the absence of a national registry. This prevents correct interpretation of the disease burden. AIM To assess the main clinical and epidemiological features of adult patients diagnosed with UC in Sardinia, Italy. METHODS We performed a multicenter, observational, cross-sectional study that included adult patients with UC enrolled in seven gastroenterology unit centers in Sardinia. Data were obtained from the patients' medical records and from a questionnaire administered at the inclusion visit. RESULTS Four hundred and forty-two patients with UC were included. The median age at diagnosis was 39 years (interquartile range 28-48). After a median disease duration of 10 years, 53 patients experienced proximal extension of proctitis or left-sided colitis. Seventy-five patients developed extraintestinal manifestations. Nineteen patients (4.3%) developed cancer: two with colorectal cancer and seventeen with extracolonic cancers. Mesalazine (5-ASA) remains the mainstay of treatment for UC. Overall, 95 patients (21.5%) were treated with one or more biologic agents, whereas 15 patients (3.4%) underwent surgery, mostly colectomy. CONCLUSION Our results provide important insights into the clinical and epidemiological features of patients with UC, and while waiting for a national Italian registry, present eligible data on the UC population in Sardinia

Molecular-Biology-Driven Treatment for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Background: Metastatic CRC (mCRC) is a molecular heterogeneous disease. The aim of this review is to give an overview of molecular-driven treatment of mCRC patients. Methods: A review of clinical trials, retrospective studies and case reports was performed regarding molecular biomarkers with therapeutic implications. Results: RAS wild-type status was confirmed as being crucial for anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies and for rechallenge strategy. Antiangiogenic therapies improve survival in first- and second-line settings, irrespective of RAS status, while tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) remain promising in refractory mCRC. Promising results emerged from anti-HER2 drugs trials in HER2-positive mCRC. Target inhibitors were successful for BRAFV600E mutant mCRC patients, while immunotherapy was successful for microsatellite instability-high/defective mismatch repair (MSI-H/dMMR) or DNA polymerase epsilon catalytic subunit (POLE-1) mutant patients. Data are still lacking on NTRK, RET, MGMT, and TGF-β, which require further research. Conclusion: Several molecular biomarkers have been identified for the tailored treatment of mCRC patients and multiple efforts are currently ongoing to increase the therapeutic options. In the era of precision medicine, molecular-biology-driven treatment is the key to impro patient selection and patient outcomes. Further research and large phase III trials are required to ameliorate the therapeutic management of these patients