Identifikasi Dan Karakterisasi Manggis Di Provinsi Bengkulu Dan Bangka-Belitung

. Mansyah, E., M. Jawal A.S, I. Muas, Hendri, and F. Usman. 2007. Identification and Characterization of Mangosteen at Bengkulu and Bangka-Belitung Provinces. The research was conducted by exploration at mangosteen production center at Bengkulu and Bangka-Belitung Provinces from August 2003 to August 2004. The objective of this study was to find out the variability of mangosteen at Bengkulu and Bangka-Belitung Provinces. The parameters observed were morphology and genetic characters. Morphology characters observed were qualitative and quantitative while genetic observation was conducted by using RAPD technique. The results showed that mangosteen accessions at Bengkulu and Bangka-Belitung have morphology variations. The variations were on canopy and fruit shape. The canopy could be devided into 3 forms of pyramid, elliptical, and semicircular. Fruit shape described as round, flattened, ovoid, and irregular. RAPD analysis of 8 mangosteen accessions by using 2 primers OPH-13 (CACGCCACAC) and OPN-16 (AAGCGACCTG) showed that the accessions devided into 2 main groups with genetic similarity coefficient 0.78 to 1.0. First group consist of 8 genotypes which separated into 2 different genotypes with genetic similarity coefficient of 0.90. The second group consist of 2 genotypes with genetic similarity coefficient about 0.87. In general the 8 accessions could be separated into 4 different genotypes (1) BLT-03, BKL-01, and BKL-06, (2) BLT-08, BLT-12, and BKL-09, (3) BLT-10, and (4) BKL-07. Accessions grouping based on RAPD bands were not in accordance with morphology characters. Further evaluation by molecular marker was needed to clarify the genetic variability. This results strengthened the support about the presence of genetic variability on mangosteen

Variabilitas Genetik Antara Tanaman Induk Manggis Dan Keturunannya

Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Januari sampai Mei 2002 di laboratorium Biologi Molekuler dan Immunologi,Unit Penelitian Bioteknologi Perkebunan-Bogor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui variabilitas genetikantara tanaman induk manggis dan keturunannya. Observasi dilakukan menggunakan tiga tanaman induk manggisyang berasal dari Sumatera Barat, yaitu Balai Baru (Kodya Padang), Padang Laweh dan Subarang Sukam (KabupatenSawahlunto/Sijunjung) dengan keturunannya masing-masing. Tanaman keturunan berupa bibit semaian darimasing-masing tanaman induk yang berumur 1 tahun. Analisis variabilitas genetik dilakukan melalui teknik RAPDmenggunakan lima primer terseleksi, yaitu SB-13 (AGTCAGCCAC), SB-19 (CAGCACCCAC), OPH-12(ACGCGCATGT), OPH-13 (CACGCCACAC), dan OPH-18 (GAATCGGCCA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa terdapat variasi genetik antara induk manggis dan keturunannnya yang ditunjukkan oleh ketidakmiripan antarapola pita DNA. Variasi genetik rataan dari individu turunan adalah sebesar 56,35%. Hasil penelitian ini memperkuatinformasi tentang variabilitas genetik pada manggis, dan membuka peluang perbaikan varietas melalui seleksiterhadap populasi manggis indijenus.Kata kunci: Garcinia mangostana L.; Variabilitas genetik; Tanaman induk; Turunan; RAPD.AB STRACT. Mansyah, E., M. J. Anwaruddin Syah, F. Usman, and T. Purnama. 2004. Ge netic vari abil itybetween man go steen mother plants and their off springs. The re search was con ducted on Jan u ary un til May 2002 atMo lec u lar Bi ol ogy and Im mu nol ogy Lab o ra tory of Es tate Bio tech nol ogy Ex per i men tal Unit Bogor The ob jec tive ofthis study was to de ter mine the ge netic vari abil ity be tween man go steen mother plants and their off springs. Plant ma te -ri als used were three man go steen mother plants from West Sumatera i.e. Balai Baru (in clud ing in Padang mu nic i pal -ity), Padang Laweh, and Subarang Sukam (both in clud ing in Sawahlunto/Sijunjung re gency) and their off springs. Theoff springs were one year old seed ling which was de rived from each mother plants. Ge netic vari abil ity was ob served byus ing RAPD tech nique and five se lected prim ers i.e.: SB-13 (AGTCAGCCAC), SB-19 (CAGCACCCAC), OPH-12(ACGCGCATGT), OPH-13 (CACGCCACAC), and OPH-18 (GAATCGGCCA). The re sults showed that there werege netic variabilities be tween the mother plants and their off spring as in di cated by dis sim i lar i ties of DNA band ing pat -terns. The av er age of ge netic vari abil ity for the off spring was 56.35%. This re sults would sup port the in for ma tionabout the pres ence of ge netic vari abil ity on man go steen and lead ing to va ri etal im prove ment op por tu nity throughse lec tion of in dig e nous pop u la tion

Identifikasi dan Karakterisasi Manggis di Provinsi Bengkulu dan Bangka-Belitung

ABSTRAK. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Agustus 2003 sampai Agustus 2004 pada sentra produksi manggis di Provinsi Bengkulu dan Bangka-Belitung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini mengetahui keragaman aksesi manggis di Provinsi Bengkulu dan Bangka-Belitung. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan metode eksplorasi. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap karakter morfologi dan genetik. Pengamatan morfologi dilakukan terhadap karakter kualitatif dan kuantitatif serta pengamatan secara genetik dilakukan menggunakan teknik RAPD pada 8 aksesi contoh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aksesi manggis di Provinsi Bengkulu dan Bangka-Belitung menunjukkan variasi morfologi dan genetik, yaitu dalam bentuk kanopi tanaman dan bentuk buah. Bentuk kanopi terdiri atas piramid, elips, dan semisirkuler, sedangkan bentuk buah terdiri atas bulat, agak gepeng, seperti jantung, dan tidak beraturan. Berdasarkan data analisis RAPD menggunakan primer OPH-13 (CACGCCACAC) dan OPN-16 (AAGCGACCTG) dari 8 aksesi diketahui bahwa manggis dari Provinsi Bengkulu dan Bangka-Belitung mempunyai koefisien kesamaan genetik antara 0,78-1,0 dan terbagi ke dalam 2 kelompok. Kelompok pertama terdiri dari 6 aksesi yang terpisah ke dalam 2 genotip yang berbeda dengan tingkat kesamaan genetik sekitar 0,90. Kelompok kedua terdiri dari 2 aksesi dengan tingkat kemiripan sebesar 0,87. Secara keseluruhan dapat disimpulkan bahwa kedelapan aksesi contoh tersebut terdiri dari 4 genotip berbeda yaitu (1) BLT-03, BKL-01, dan BKL-06, (2) BLT-08, BLT-12, dan BKL-09, (3) BLT-10, dan (4) BKL-07. Pengelompokan aksesi belum mencerminkan perbedaan secara morfologi. Hasil analisis ini masih perlu dilanjutkan untuk semua aksesi dengan primer yang berbeda. Informasi hasil penelitian ini memperkuat data tentang adanya keragaman pada manggis.ABSTRACT. Mansyah, E., M. Jawal A.S, I. Muas, Hendri, and F. Usman. 2007. Identification and Characterization of Mangosteen at Bengkulu and Bangka-Belitung Provinces. The research was conducted by exploration at mangosteen production center at Bengkulu and Bangka-Belitung Provinces from August 2003 to August 2004. The objective of this study was to find out the variability of mangosteen at Bengkulu and Bangka-Belitung Provinces. The parameters observed were morphology and genetic characters. Morphology characters observed were qualitative and quantitative while genetic observation was conducted by using RAPD technique. The results showed that mangosteen accessions at Bengkulu and Bangka-Belitung have morphology variations. The variations were on canopy and fruit shape. The canopy could be devided into 3 forms of pyramid, elliptical, and semicircular. Fruit shape described as round, flattened, ovoid, and irregular. RAPD analysis of 8 mangosteen accessions by using 2 primers OPH-13 (CACGCCACAC) and OPN-16 (AAGCGACCTG) showed that the accessions devided into 2 main groups with genetic similarity coefficient 0.78 to 1.0. First group consist of 8 genotypes which separated into 2 different genotypes with genetic similarity coefficient of 0.90. The second group consist of 2 genotypes with genetic similarity coefficient about 0.87. In general the 8 accessions could be separated into 4 different genotypes (1) BLT-03, BKL-01, and BKL-06, (2) BLT-08, BLT-12, and BKL-09, (3) BLT-10, and (4) BKL-07. Accessions grouping based on RAPD bands were not in accordance with morphology characters. Further evaluation by molecular marker was needed to clarify the genetic variability. This results strengthened the support about the presence of genetic variability on mangosteen