Meat characteristics of cattle fed diets containing whole cottonseed

ABSTRACT Sensory and instrumental analyses evaluated the meat and fat characteristics of feedlot-finished steers fed a diet containing cottonseed. Global impression, texture, meat color, and fat color were assessed. Thirty Nellore bulls with an average age of 30 ± 6 months and initial body weight of 382.7 ± 28.4kg were kept in feedlot stalls and fed the following cottonseed levels: 0; 2.22 %; 4.44 %; 6.66 %; 8.88 %; 11.11 % of the dietary dry matter. The cottonseed used in this experiment had an average free gossypol content of 4.5g/kg of cottonseed. The overall impression of the samples, assessed by the triangle test for difference, did not differ for more than 62 % of the panelists (P>0.01). The shear strength of roasted meat varied from 6.00 to 6.54kg. According to texture profile analysis (TPA), the hardness, springiness, and chewiness of roast meat ranged from 24.15 to 28.01 N, 0.52 to 0.56, 8.42 to 11.01 N, respectively; of raw meat, 9.51 to 13.86 N, 0.26 to 0.29, and 1.38 to 1.81 N, respectively. The different treatments did not affect meat texture, meat color, or fat color (P>0.05). Meat color, luminosity, and red intensity ranged from 37.71 to 42.85, 20.68 to 25.25, and 6.74 to 8.61, respectively; fat color, luminosity, and yellow intensity ranged from 62.26 to 63.78, 11.13 to 11.62, and 10.53 to 10.86, respectively. Cottonseed intake of up to 1.13kg/animal/day, equivalent to a free gossypol intake of 5.05g/animal/day, in place of soybean meal and ground corn, did not significantly change the global sensory impression, texture, and color of the meat and fat

The effect of feed intake containing whole cottonseed on blood parameters of Nellore bulls

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diets containing whole cottonseed (WC) on blood biochemical parameters of bulls. Thirty bulls with 30±6 months and 382.7±28.4kg were kept in feedlot (85 days) and fed the following WC levels: 0, 2.22, 4.44, 6.66, 8.88 and 11.11%. In comparing biochemical indicators from the beginning to the end of the experiment, the control group (CG) and those fed diets containing 2.22, 8.88 and 11.11% of WC had an increase (P<0.05) in serum Ca concentrations (8.34±0.65−9.56±0.92mEqL-1). In relation to Fe (202.79±69.04−300.04±79.88µg/dL), the CG and those treated with 6.66% WC showed an increase (P<0.05) in serum concentrations. As to the Mg (1.92±0.18−2.40±0.27mEqL-1), groups treated with diet containing 2.22, 4.44 and 6.66% of WC had higher (p<0.05) concentrations at the end of the study. Regarding blood lipids, groups with diets containing 2.22; 4.44; 6.66 and 8.88% of WC increased (p<0.05), respectively, in concentrations of HDL, TG, VLDL and COL. The group that received 11.11% of WC increased (P<0.05) in the concentrations of COL and HDL. It can be concluded that diets containing WC, caused no alterations in the concentrations of blood parameters analyzed in this study, with the exception of Mg

Propriedades mecânicas de blendas de PS/resíduo de borracha: influência da concentração, granulometria e método de moldagem Mechanical properties of PS/rubber waste blends: effects of concentration, particle size and moulding procedures

Resíduos de borracha, provenientes de indústrias de calçados e de pneus, foram adicionados ao poliestireno visando tenacificá-lo. As misturas foram realizadas em extrusora dupla-rosca e a moldagem feita por compressão e por injeção. Os efeitos da concentração ( 5-25% em peso) e granulometria (1200 a 180mm) dos resíduos nas propriedades mecânicas destas blendas, foram avaliados e as suas superfícies de fratura examinadas. Ficou evidenciado que a resistência à tração tende a diminuir e a resistência ao impacto aumentar conforme o teor de borracha aumenta e a granulometria diminui. A análise morfológica das superfícies de fratura confirma estes resultados. As amostras obtidas pelo processo de injeção apresentaram maior uniformidade e, consequentemente, melhores propriedades mecânicas.<br>Polystyrene was toughened by blending with rubber waste obtained from shoe and tire industries. The blends were twin-screw extruded and test specimens were compression and injection moulded. The effects of concentration (0-15% w/w) and particle size (1200 to 180 µm) of the waste rubbers on the blend's mechanical properties were evaluated and their fracture surfaces examined. It was shown that tensile strength tends to lower and impact resistance to increase with increasing rubber content of decreasing particle sizes. Morphological analysis confirms these results. Injection moulded specimens showed greater sample uniformity and consequently, better mechanical properties than compression moulded samples