The Proton Mass and Scale-Invariant Hidden Local Symmetry for Compressed Baryonic Matter

I discuss how to access dense baryonic matter of compact stars by combining hidden local symmetry (HLS) of light-quark vector mesons with spontaneously broken scale invariance of a (pseudo) Nambu-Goldstone boson, dilaton, in a description that parallels the approach to dilatonic Higgs. Some of the surprising observations are that the bulk of proton mass is not Nambu-Goldstonian, parity doubling emerges at high density and the EoS of baryonic matter can be soft enough for heavy-ion processes at low density and stiff enough at high density for $\sim 2$ solar mass neutron stars.Comment: Talk given at the Sakata Memorial Workshop on "Origin of Mass and Strong-Coupling Gauge Theories" 3-6 March 2015, Nagoya Universit

In Search of a Pristine Signal for (Scale-)Chiral Symmetry in Nuclei

I describe the long-standing search for a "smoking-gun" signal for the manifestation of (scale-)chiral symmetry in nuclear interactions. It is prompted by Gerry Brown's last unpublished note, reproduced verbatim below, on the preeminent role of pions and vector ($\rho$,$\omega$) mesons in providing a simple and elegant description of strongly correlated nuclear interactions. In this note written in tribute to Gerry Brown, I first describe a case of an unambiguous signal in axial-charge transitions in nuclei and then combine his ideas with the more recent development on the role of hidden symmetries in nuclear physics. What transpires is the surprising conclusion that the Landau-Migdal fixed point interaction $G_0^\prime$, the nuclear tensor forces and Brown-Rho scaling, all encoded in scale-invariant hidden local symmetry, as Gerry put, "run the show and make all forces equal."Comment: To appear in G.E. Brown Memorial Volum

The Vector Manifestation and Effective Degrees of Freedom At Chiral Restoration

The role of effective degrees of freedom on the vector and axial-vector susceptibilities and the pion velocity at chiral restoration is analyzed. We consider two possible scenarios, one in which pions are considered to be the only low-lying degrees of freedom -- that we shall refer to as "standard" -- and the other in which pions, vector mesons and constituent quarks (or quasiquarks in short) are the relevant low-lying degrees of freedom -- that we shall refer to as "vector manifestation (VM)." We show at one-loop order in chiral perturbation theory with hidden local symmetry Lagrangian that while in the standard scenario, the pion velocity vanishes at the chiral transition, it instead approaches unity in the VM scenario. If the VM is realized in nature, the chiral phase structure of hadronic matter can be much richer than that in the standard one and the phase transition will be a smooth crossover: Sharp vector and scalar excitations are expected in the vicinity of the critical point. Some indirect indications that lend support to the VM scenario, and in consequence to BR scaling, are discussed.Comment: Based on talks given at "Chiral 02," Kyoto, Japan, 7-9 October 2002 and "SCGT02," Nagoya, Japan, 10-13 December 200

Chiral Symmetry of Heavy-Light-Quark Hadrons in Hot/Dense Matter

The recent discoveries by the BaBar and CLEO II collaborations on the splitting between $D_s$ and ${\tilde D}_s$ which exhibited surprises in the structure of heavy-light-quark systems are connected -- via the Harada-Yamawaki "vector manifestation" of hidden local symmetry -- to chiral symmetry restoration expected to take place at some critical temperature $T_c$ in heavy-ion collisions or at some critical density $n_c$ in the deep interior of compact stars, the main theme of this symposium. This unexpected connection exemplifies the diversity of astro-hadronic phenomena discussed in this meeting.Comment: Concluding talk at the KIAS-APCTP Symposium in Astro-Hadron Physics "Compact Stars: Quest for New States of Dense Matter," November 10-14, 2003, Seoul, Kore

Pentaquarks, Skyrmions and the Vector Manifestation of Chiral Symmetry

The structure of the pentaquark baryon $\Theta^+$ is discussed in terms of a $K^+$-skyrmion binding where the skyrmion arises as a soliton in hidden local symmetry approach to low-energy hadronic physics which may be considered as a holographic dual to QCD. The "vector manifestation" of chiral symmetry encoded in the effective theory Wilsonian-matched to QCD is proposed to play an important role in the binding. Among the options available for understanding the pentaquark structure is the intriguing possibility that the $\Theta^+$ is a Feshbach resonance generated by the solitonic matter that drives the Wess-Zumino term that in the presence of $K^\star$ acts like a magnetic field.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures. Based on talks given at the Hanyang-KIAS Workshop on Multifaceted Skyrmions and Effective Field Theory, KIAS, Seoul, Korea, 25-27 October 2004 and at the International Workshop on Dynamical Symmetry Breaking, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan, 21-22 December 200