Modern Payment Methods – Factors considered by financial entities in a world moving towards electronic payment

The main factors driving the development of modern means of payment is people's attitudes, the integrity aspect and international influence. People have an instinctive belief that change is synonymous with detereoration. Realizing a cashless society requires a change in the willingness to change and improve. For the development of new payment methods it will eventually be necessary for increased political impetus as well

Hur BIM kan ge ett mervärde i tidiga skeden i byggprocessen -En fallstudie av Fiskebäck Brygga - Arkitektbyrån Design

Purpose How BIM can provide added value in the early stages of a construction project Methodology: A case study has been conducted with qualitative, semi-structured interviews with relevant positions in Arkitektbyrån Design and Skanska. Theoretical perspectives: The Theory chapter starts by describing traditional planning. A description of BIM is presented. Next, an explanation of Open-BIM followed by an explanation of the design, planning, with BIM- tools is given. Finally describes a comparison between 2D-CAD and BIM is done. Empirical foundation : This section begins with an overall description of Arkitektbyrån Design. Furthermore, a description of how their development has changed over the years is given. After this, an examination of Fiskebäck Brygga, which is a case study in which Arkitektbyrån Design and Skanska were the driving forces and where BIM technology has been applied. Finally, other BIM projects are described and how they work in today's reality. Liljewalls Arkitekter is the basis for this part as they are an company that invested a lot of resources on project with BIM. Conclusion: According to various researchers and professors BIM is the future. Many people belonging to an older generation in the construction industry are still critical to the new way of planning. One reason is the operator's own pride in their profession. All participants in a project have to work on the same model and share a common way of working in order to achieve to a better community building, while contributing to time and cost

Else Marie Wiberg Pedersen (red.), Guds ord i kvindemund: Om køn og kirke

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Long‐term followup for rheumatoid arthritis patients in a multicenter outcomes study of silicone metacarpophalangeal joint arthroplasty

Objective Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) often results in deformities at the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints. Patients with severe deformities can be treated by silicone metacarpophalangeal joint arthroplasty (SMPA). The objective of the study is to prospectively compare long‐term outcomes for an SMPA surgical and a nonsurgical cohort of RA patients. Methods A total of 67 surgical and 95 nonsurgical patients with severe subluxation and/or ulnar drift of the fingers at the MCP joints were recruited from 2004–2008 in this multicenter prospective cohort study. Patients could elect to undergo SMPA or not. Outcomes included the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire (MHQ), Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales 2 (AIMS2), grip/pinch strength, Jebsen‐Taylor Test, ulnar deviation, extensor lag, and arc of motion measurements at the MCP joints. Results There was no significant difference in the mean age, race, education, and income at baseline between the 2 groups. Surgical subjects had worse MHQ function and functional measurements at baseline. At 3 years, the mean overall MHQ score and the MHQ function, activities of daily living, aesthetics, and satisfaction scores showed significant improvement in the surgical group compared to the nonsurgical group. Ulnar deviation, extensor lag, and arc of motion in the MCP and proximal interphalangeal joints also improved significantly in the surgical group. No improvement was seen in the mean AIMS2 scores and grip/pinch strength. Complications were minimal with a fracture rate of 9.5%. Conclusion RA patients with poor baseline functioning showed long‐term improvement in hand function and appearance following treatment with SMPA compared to nonsurgical controls.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/93508/1/21705_ftp.pd

Varsel om uppsägning - Hur påverkas aktiekursen i hög- respektive lågkonjunktur?

Syfte: Denna uppsats har i syfte att utreda huruvida det går att identifiera avvikande aktieavkastning hos svenska företag som varslar om uppsägning i hög- respektive lågkonjunktur. Uppsatsen syftar även till att tolka och jämföra marknadens värdering av varsel om uppsägning i de skilda konjunkturlägena. Metod: Studien genomförs med hjälp av en eventstudiemetod för att undersöka hur marknaden reagerar vid tillkännagivandet av varsel om uppsägning. Genomsnittlig avvikande avkastning samt ackumulerad genomsnittlig avvikande avkastning beräknas och signifikanstestas utifrån formulerade hypoteser. Teoretisk referensram: Givet syftet för uppsatsen tillämpas den effektiva marknadshypotesen för att analysera empiriska resultat. Empiri och resultat: Kvantitativ data har använts i form av 41 observationer i högkonjunktur respektive 56 i lågkonjunktur, vilka främst redovisas genom tabeller och grafer. Slutsats: Resultaten påvisar ett svagt negativ samband mellan varsel om uppsägning och aktiekursens utveckling i både hög- samt lågkonjunktur på kort sikt, dock utan statistisk signifikans. Detta ledde oss till slutsatsen att den svenska marknaden antingen är halvstarkt effektiv i det här avseendet enligt effektiva marknadshypotesen eller att denna marknad är neutral i sin värdering av den här typen av information. Vidare tyder resultaten på att marknaden tenderar att värdera varsel om uppsägning mer negativt i lågkonjunktur. Emellertid kunde undersökningen ej frambringa statistiskt säkerställda avvikelser, vilket medförde att inga generella slutsatser kring eventuella skillnader i marknadens reaktion på kort sikt under de skilda konjunkturlägena kunde göras

Groundwater springs formed during glacial retreat are a large source of methane in the high Arctic

Permafrost and glaciers in the high Arctic form an impermeable ‘cryospheric cap’ that traps a large reservoir of subsurface methane, preventing it from reaching the atmosphere. Cryospheric vulnerability to climate warming is making releases of this methane possible. On Svalbard, where air temperatures are rising more than two times faster than the average for the Arctic, glaciers are retreating and leaving behind exposed forefields that enable rapid methane escape. Here we document how methane-rich groundwater springs have formed in recently revealed forefields of 78 land-terminating glaciers across central Svalbard, bringing deep-seated methane gas to the surface. Waters collected from these springs during February–May of 2021 and 2022 are supersaturated with methane up to 600,000 times greater than atmospheric equilibration. Spatial sampling reveals a geological dependency on the extent of methane supersaturation, with isotopic evidence of a thermogenic source. We estimate annual methane emissions from proglacial groundwaters to be up to 2.31 kt across the Svalbard archipelago. Further investigations into marine-terminating glaciers indicate future methane emission sources as these glaciers transition into fully land-based systems. Our findings reveal that climate-driven glacial retreat facilitates widespread release of methane, a positive feedback loop that is probably prevalent across other regions of the rapidly warming Arcti

Brief communication: An autonomous UAV for catchment-wide monitoring of a debris flow torrent

Debris flows threaten communities in mountain regions worldwide. Combining modern photogrammetric processing with autonomous unoccupied aerial vehicle (UAV) flights at sub-weekly intervals allows mapping of sediment dynamics in a debris flow catchment. This provides important information for sediment disposition that pre-conditions the catchment for debris flow occurrence. At the Illgraben debris flow catchment in Switzerland, our autonomous UAV launched nearly 50 times in the snow-free periods in 2019–2021 with typical flight intervals of 2–4 d, producing 350–400 images every flight. The observed terrain changes resulting from debris flows exhibit preferred locations of erosion and deposition, including memory effects as previously deposited material is preferentially removed during subsequent debris flows. Such data are critical for the validation of geomorphological process models. Given the remote terrain, the mapped short-term erosion and deposition structures are difficult to obtain with conventional measurements. The proposed method thus fills an observational gap, which ground-based monitoring and satellite-based remote sensing cannot fill as a result of limited access, reaction time, spatial resolution, or involved costs.</p