DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF MICROPARTICULATE RESERVOIR MATRICES FOR COMBINATION THERAPY

Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to design and develop controlled release floating beads of Ketoprofenand Pantoprazole sodium. To determine the interaction between excipients used and to find out the nature of drug in the formulation, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Differential Scanning Colorimetry (DSC) studies were performed. Methods: The beads were prepared by ionotropic gelation technique. Sodium alginate and HPMC E5LV was dissolved in deionized water (9:1 sodium alginate: HPMC E5LV) at a concentration of 1-3 % w/v using gentle heat on the water bath. After getting a clear solution, an accurately weighed quantity of Pantoprazole sodium was added and dispersed uniformly into the solution. In a separate beaker, Ketoprofen and calcium carbonate (1:1, Sodium alginate: CaCl2) was dispersed in water and mixed with sodium alginate solution containing Pantoprazole sodium. The bubble-free sodium alginate-drug dispersion (20 ml) was added dropwise via a 22-guage hypodermic needle fitted with a 10 ml syringe into 100 ml of calcium chloride solution (1-2 % w/v) containing 10 % glacial acetic acid and stirred at 400 rpm for 15 min. Results: From the experimental study, it was concluded that optimized batch F9 showed good micromeritic properties, entrapment efficiency and releases the drug slowly and completely for 12 h as beads remain in floating condition throughout dissolution study that assures prepared formulation remain floated in the stomach without its early passing to lower Gastro-Intestinal Tract(GIT) side. The percentage of drugs release of Ketoprofen and Pantoprazole Sodium was 96.56% and 97.74%, respectively at 12 h. Conclusion: Combination of different polymer provide sustained release pattern in different concentration. Formulation F9 gives good floating behavior using sodium alginate and HPMC hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in different ratios. In the present study, a satisfactory attempt has been made to formulate gastro retentive floating beads of Ketoprofen and Pantoprazole sodium

Pitot Tube and Wind Tunnel Studies of the Flow Induced by One Atmosphere Uniform Glow Discharge (OAUGDP ®) Plasma Actuators using a Conventional and an Economical High Voltage Power Supply

The aerodynamic applications of plasma science is a field of growing interest. Investigations using various approaches have been initiated by several research groups that are designed to manipulate the aerodynamic boundary layer and to re-attach the flow to airfoils. EHD (ElectroHydroDynamic) flow control has proven at least as effective as other methods of boundary layer flow control. In the EHD approach, glow discharge plasma actuators are placed on the wings and fuselage of the aircraft, or on the turbine blades in the engine, to influence the boundary layer flow. This thesis is concerned with plasma actuators based on the OAUGDP ® (One Atmosphere Uniform Glow Discharge Plasma). An actuator consists of two conducting electrodes separated by a dielectric plate. When a sufficiently high RF voltage is supplied to the electrodes, the surrounding air ionizes and forms plasma in regions in which the electric field is above approximately 10 kV/cm. The ionized air, in the presence of an electric field gradient, produces a body force on the neutral gas flow.This work is concerned with two EHD effects: paraelectric flow acceleration and peristaltic flow acceleration. In the paraelectric mode, electric field gradients act on the net charge density of plasma, and the plasma drags the neutral gas along with it due to ion-neutral and electron-neutral Lorentzian collisions. In the peristaltic mode, successive actuators are energized with the same voltage, but increasing phase angles. The first part of this thesis describes experiments at the NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA in the 7 x 11 Inch Low Speed Wind Tunnel in which Pitot tube velocity profile measurements and smoke flow visualization tests were conducted.The second part of this thesis describes the development of a low cost power supply to energize OAUGDP ® plasma actuators. The power supply consists of automotive ignition coil transformers, audio amplifiers, and a DC battery. Using this power supply, plasma actuators were energized at voltages up to 8 kV, and at frequencies between 0.5 and 8 kHz. This thesis also presents illustrative paraelectric flow acceleration data obtained using the low-cost power supply

Information Seeking Behavior of Under Graduate Students of English Discipline: A Comparative Study of Miranda House College and Vivekananda College, University of Delhi

The paper overtly attempts to investigate the information seeking behavior of UG students of English discipline from library for their different academic purposes. The scope of the study is limited to UG students of Department of English of two colleges of University of Delhi, i.e., Vivekananda College and Miranda House College. The study is based on Survey method of research and used questionnaire and interview methods for collection of data. The study revealed that both libraries are well equipped with quality sources, services and modern technology which reflects their strong potential to provide good environment for quenching the quest of students. But usage is not up to the mark because of various reasons which include unawareness about different sources related to their field (35%),lack of ICT skills among students(96% students are unaware of metasearch engines), lack of interaction between students and library staff (only 26% students approach library staff for help), visiting library occasionally (36%) etc. Major problems faced by English discipline UG students are:- insufficient time to visit library because of lectures(43%), information overload on Internet (35%) etc. LIS professionals have to come forward with different strategies to attract UG students to the library. Information literacy programmes, ICT skills training programmes must be organized in order to spread awareness and usage of library among undergraduate students

Vibration analysis of bearing for fault detection using time domain features and neural network

Ball bearings are among the most important and frequently encountered components in the vast majority of rotating machines, their carrying capacity and reliability being prominent for the overall machine performance. Fault detection and diagnosis in the early stages of damage is necessary to prevent their malfunctioning and failure during operation. This paper presents fault detection of ball bearing using time domain features of vibration signals. The vibration signals are recorded at bearing housing of 5hp squirrel cage induction motor. These extracted features are used to train and test the neural network for four bearing conditions namely: Healthy, defective Outer race, defective Inner race and defective ball fault condition. The experimental observation shows that the proposed method is able to detect the faulty condition with high accuracy

Usability Analysis of Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research (IISERs) Library Websites: A Study

The accessibility, efficiency, and effectiveness of the websites of Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research (IISERs) libraries are evaluated in this paper. Online survey and observation methods were considered suitable for conducting the research. A Checklist was prepared and used for the data collection from the websites of IISERs. Study shows that selected IISER libraries have helpful websites but have overlooked the essential usability characteristics and tend to be in the primitive phase. Most of the websites of the selected IISER libraries were relatively simple. They had fundamental and popular usability characteristics in terms of general library information, search features, Web 2.0 applications, ILL, etc. In the selected websites of IISER libraries, tremendous potential for development has been found. The study results would help enhance the usability characteristics of IISERs\u27 libraries\u27 websites, which will eventually support library users who use library services frequently. The research would also encourage webmasters to promptly review their websites to improve usability ratings based on online usability tools

Fun with archimedes principle

Although most teachers agree on the need for experiments in the teaching and learning of Physics, experimentation in schools often consists of students being asked to follow a series of instructions so as to arrive at a predetermined result or verify a previously stated law. This approach is aimed more at getting predictable results rather than encouraging students to use experiments to explore questions themselves. This is perhaps one of the reasons why teachers see very little value in conducting experiments in their classrooms. How, then, do we rethink the kind of experiments we use to teach physics in school? In this article, we use Archimedes principle to explore answers to this question

Fun with archimedes' principle

This article presents the journey of a group of science teachers who explore Archimedes' principle, and related concepts, through well-loved fables like that of the Thirsty Crow, as well as a series of simple, open-ended experiments with readily available materials

EVOLUTION OF CROWD-SOURCING FROM COMPUTER TO MOBILE SYSTEMS

As crowd-sourcing is becoming popular for problem solving and completing a task, it is now very important to use this concept in an advance manner. It can also be used as a distributed and vast source of information. This concept is now evolving in world of mobile systems. This will be a little different from that of computer systems. In this paper, we have discussed some new technologies and challenges before us to implement these advancements in crowd-sourcing. We are going to talk about cheat-detection techniques, handling multimedia databases and how to trade off between cost and accuracy by considering the redundant data as well