Anaesthesia mumps after total laparoscopic hysterectomy under general anaesthesia

Anaesthesia mumps is a rare clinical entity characterised by acute transient swelling of the parotid gland in postoperative period. In our case a 58 years obese lady developed left sided parotid swelling which was managed conservatively and settled without any sequelae. In this article we discuss possible causes, differential diagnosis and treatment for this condition. This is to increase awareness about this relatively unknown condition amongst anaesthetist and surgeons and to avoid unnecessarily apprehension in post-operative period

Weak noncovalent interactions in two positional isomers of acrylonitrile derivatives: inputs from PIXEL energy, Hirshfeld surface and QTAIM analyses

A single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was performed on two positional isomers (m-tolyl and p-tolyl) of acrylonitrile derivatives, namely, (Z)-3-(4-(pyridin-2-yl) phenyl)-2-(m-tolyl) acrylonitrile (1) and (Z)-3-(4-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl)-2-(p-tolyl) acrylonitrile (2). Compound 1 crystallized in the monoclinic P21/n space group with two crystallographically independent molecules. Compound 2 also possesses two crystallographically independent molecules and crystallized in the triclinic P-1 space group. The Hirshfeld surface analysis revealed that, in both isomers, intermolecular H⋅⋅⋅H/C/N contacts contribute significantly to the crystal packing. More than 40% of the contribution arises from intermolecular C–H⋅⋅⋅C(π) contacts. In both compounds, the relative contribution of these contacts is comparable, indicating that the positional isomeric effects are marginal. The structures in which these isomers are arranged in the solid state are very similar, and the lattice energies are also comparable between the isomers. The Coulomb-London-Pauli-PIXEL (CLP-PIXEL) energy analysis identified the energetically significant dimers. The strength of the intra- and intermolecular interactions was evaluated using the quantum theory of atoms in molecules approach. The UV-Vis absorbance in three different solvents (chloroform, ethanol, and ethyl acetate) for isomers 1 and 2 are very similar. This result is in good agreement with the time-dependent density-functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations

MODELLING AND FLUX BALANCE ANALYSIS OF THE HUMAN APOPTOTIC PATHWAY

Objective: Flux balance analysis is one method to analyse genome-scale models for metabolism and transcriptional regulation. Her we use the apoptotic pathway, the most widely used FBA to perform a mathematical model also analyses the flux balance to study the relationship between the flux and the genes involved in the extrinsic pathway.Methods: KEGG was used to obtain information of pathways and related ligands and genes. Biocyc was considered for its intricacy in explanation of the mechanisms of pathways. A specific wing of Biocyc called humancyc was used for human related pathways. SBML was used to sort the several pathways.Results: The pathway was modelled using SBML version 2 level 1 specifications which are the most commonly used version making FBA one of the best methods for studying this process. Based on FBA, the genes like bid and cyc were classified as essential and non-essential. All these details suggest that our model is sensible scientifically. This technique can satisfy researchers to uncover several biologically complex pathways computationally. This is a more efficient and less time consuming process.Conclusion: With the availability of experimental biochemical data, like the concentration or the ratio of these caspases in a cell, the accuracy of this method can be improved. In our method, the entire model is considered to be present in a single compartment. Separate compartments for the inclusion of inhibitors and activators can be added to represent the pathway more effectively. A more complex model including the entire apoptotic pathway can be modelled to determine all possible ways of inhibiting apoptosis.Â

Quantitative analysis of weak non-covalent interactions in (Z)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-phenylacrylonitrile: insights from PIXEL and Hirshfeld surface analysis

In the solid state, the title compound, C15H10ClN, is disordered over two orientations with a refined occupancy ratio of 0.86 (2):0.14 (2). The crystal structure is mainly stabilized by intermolecular C—H...N and C—H...Cl hydrogen bonds, and C—H...π interactions. The molecules pack in columns and adjacent columns are linked by weak C—H...Cl interactions. The PIXEL energy analysis suggests that the intermolecular C—H...π interactions form a strong dimer in the major component. Hirshfeld analysis reveals that H...C, H...H, H...Cl and H...N contacts are the most important contributors to the crystal packing

SWI/SNF Infobase-An exclusive information portal for SWI/SNF remodeling complex subunits.

Chromatin remodeling complexes facilitate the access of condensed genomic DNA during transcription, replication, and repair, by altering the histone-DNA contacts in the nucleosome structures. SWI/SNF (SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable) family of ATP dependent chromatin remodeling complexes have been documented for their tumour suppressor function. Recent studies have reported the high frequency of cancer causing mutations in this protein family. There exist multiple subunits for this complex and can form context-dependent sub-complexes. The cataloguing of individual subunits of this complex is essential for understanding their specific functions and their mechanism of action during chromatin remodeling. This would also facilitate further studies to characterize cancer causing mutations in SWI/SNF subunits. In the current study, a database containing information on the subunits of SWI/SNF-α (BRG1/BRM-Associated Factors (BAF)) and SWI/SNF-β (Polybromo-Associated BAF (PBAF)) sub classes of SWI/SNF family has been curated and catalogued. The database hosts information on 27 distinct SWI/SNF subunits from 20 organisms spanning a wide evolutionary range of eukaryotes. A non-redundant set of 522 genes coding for SWI/SNF subunits have been documented in the database. A detailed annotation on each subunit, including basic protein/gene information, protein sequence, functional domains, homologs and missense mutations of human proteins have been provided with a user-friendly graphical interface. The SWI/SNF Infobase presented here, would be a first of its kind exclusive information portal on SWI/SNF complex subunits and would be a valuable resource for the research community working on chromatin remodeling. The database is available at http://scbt.sastra.edu/swisnfdb/index.php

SWI/SNF subunit details from organisms, human, mouse, fruit fly, round worm, and yeast.

<p>SWI/SNF subunit details from organisms, human, mouse, fruit fly, round worm, and yeast.</p

Snapshot of the SWI/SNF Infobase features.

<p>(A) The graphical interface of SWI/SNF Infobase (selection option for organism is highlighted). (B) The search page of SWI/SNF Infobase (C) Detailed subunit information provided upon the selection of the ATPase, BRG1 from <i>Homo sapiens</i> (option to list missense mutation information based on primary tissue has been highlighted).</p

Summary statistics of Pfam domains and missense mutations in SWI/SNF subunits.

<p>(A) The frequency of Pfam domains found in the human BAF and PBAF complex assembly. (B) % of cancer associated missense mutation sites in human SWI/SNF subunits according to COSMIC database. (C) % distribution of the SWI/SNF subunit missense mutations in different primary tissue types.</p