29 research outputs found
Idylls of socialism : the Sarajevo Documentary School and the problem of the Bosnian sub-proletariat
This historical overview of the Sarajevo Documentary School considers the films, in the light of their recent re-emergence, as indicative of both the legacy of socialist realism (even in the context of Yugoslav media) and attempted social engineering in the Bosnia of the 1960s and 1970s. The argument is made that the documentaries, despite their questionable aesthetic status (in respect of cinma-vrit and ethnography) and problematic ideological strategies and attempted interventions, document a history and offer insights that counter the prevailing revisionist trends in the presentation of Eastern and Central European history
The efficiency of chemical detectors.
Chemical detectors (“sensors”) usually consist of a two-dimensional array of
receptors exposed to the solution to be tested, from whose output the bulk solution
concentration of the analyte of interest can be determined. Both input and output—the
number of analyte particles striking the array in a given interval of time, and the
number captured—are countable events. The gain is the quotient of these two
numbers, and the detectivity the quotient of their fluctuations. The gain and detectivity
provide a universal framework for comparing different types of sensors, and in which
the desirable properties of sensors, e.g. their ability to detect very weak signals
(“sensitivity”), and to detect the analyte in the presence of a large excess of other
molecules (“selectivity”), can be related to various physico-chemical parameters such
as the packing density and size of receptors, and their affinity for the analyte. Analyte
multivalence, although formally a source of inefficiency, is very useful for making the
sensor more resistant to spurious chemical noise. An important result is that chemical
fog engendered by a huge excess of nonspecifically binding particles has no effect on
the detectivity, provided that the nonspecific interaction is reversible
Rabies: Interactions between neurons and viruses: A review of the history of Negri inclusion bodies
The first clear-cut description of a virus-nerve cell interaction was made by Adeichi Negri in 1903 with the detection of cytoplasmic bodies (Negri bodies) in subsets of neurons in the brain from rabies-infected animals. A biographical sketch of Negri is given here; he was born in Perugia, Italy, in 1875 and died in Pavia in 1912. In 1900 Negri became assistant to Camillo Golgi, who encouraged him to study rabies-infected brains with histological techniques. The report of intraneuronal bodies described by Negri as specific for rabies stimulated an intense debate both concerning their diagnostic value and their nature. The diagnostic value was finally determined in a study by Negri's wife, Lina Negri-Luzzani, in 1913, while the viral nature of the bodies had to await the introduction of electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. However, the true significance of the Negri bodies is still mysterious, since they only develop in subsets of infected neurons and occur mainly after infection with wild. so-cal led 'street', virus strains and not after infection with strains passaged in the laboratory, so-called 'fixed' strains