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Body mass index and human sperm quality: Neither one extreme nor the other
The aim of the present study was to investigate the still contentious association between body mass index (BMI) and seminal quality. To this end, 4860 male patients (aged 18-65 years; non-smokers and non-drinkers), were classified according to BMI as either underweight (UW; BMI <20kgm-2; n≤45), normal weight (NW; BMI 20-24.9kgm-2; n≤1330), overweight (OW; BMI 25-29.9kgm-2; n≤2493), obese (OB; BMI 30-39.9kgm-2; n≤926) or morbidly obese (MOB; BMI ≥40kgm-2; n≤57). Conventional semen parameters and seminal concentrations of fructose, citric acid and neutral -glucosidase (NAG) were evaluated. The four parameters that reflect epididymal maturation were significantly lower in the UW and MOB groups compared with NW, OW and OB groups: sperm concentration, total sperm count (103.3±11.4 and 121.5±20.6 and vs 157.9±3.6, 152.4±2.7 or 142.1±4.3 spermatozoa ejaculate-1 respectively, P<0.05), motility (41.8±2.5 and 42.6±2.6 vs 47.8±0.5, 48.0±0.4 or 46.3±0.6 % of motile spermatozoa respectively, P<0.05) and NAG (45.2±6.6 and 60.1±7.9 vs 71.5±1.9, 64.7±1.3 or 63.1±2.1 mU ejaculate-1 respectively, P<0.05). Moreover, the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa was decreased in the MOB group compared with the UW, NW, OW and OB groups (4.8±0.6% vs 6.0±0.8%, 6.9±0.1%, 6.8±0.1 and 6.4±0.2%, respectively; P<0.05). In addition, men in the MOB group had an increased risk (2.3-to 4.9-fold greater) of suffering oligospermia and teratospermia (P<0.05). Both morbid obesity and being underweight have a negative effect on sperm quality, particularly epididymal maturation. These results show the importance of an adequate or normal bodyweight as the natural best option for fertility, with both extremes of the BMI scale as negative prognostic factors.Fil: Luque, Eugenia Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de CĂłrdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Tissera, Andrea D.. Laboratorio de AndrologĂa y ReproducciĂłn; ArgentinaFil: Gaggino, M. P.. Centro Integral de GinecologĂa, Obstetricia y Reproducc; ArgentinaFil: Molina, Rosa I.. Laboratorio de AndrologĂa y ReproducciĂłn (lar); ArgentinaFil: Mangeaud, Adolfo. Universidad Nacional de CĂłrdoba. Facultad de Cs.exactas FĂsicas y Naturales. Departamento de Matemáticas. Cátedra de EstadĂstica y Biometria; ArgentinaFil: Vincenti, Laura MarĂa. Universidad Nacional de CĂłrdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de FisiologĂa Humana y FĂsica Biomedica. Cátedra de FisiologĂa Humana; ArgentinaFil: Beltramone, Fernando. Centro Integral de GinecologĂa, Obstetricia y Reproducc; ArgentinaFil: Sad Larcher, JosĂ©. Centro Integral de GinecologĂa, Obstetricia y Reproducc; ArgentinaFil: Estofán, Daniel. Centro Integral de GinecologĂa, Obstetricia y Reproducc; ArgentinaFil: Fiol De Cuneo, Marta. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de CĂłrdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Martini, Ana Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de CĂłrdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; Argentin