Long-term outcomes in a cohort of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: serological phenotypes and disease activity in adulthood

In a scenario characterised by diagnostic and therapeutic improvements, an increasing number of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients require ongoing care into adulthood. Deepening the long-term study on JIA is fundamental in order to expand pathogenic knowledge, optimize treatment options and favour an active communication between paediatric and adult care-specialists. This study dealt with adult patients affected by JIA. The main objectives were: i) to analyse the serological profile to examine possible seroconversions in adults; ii) to evaluate the association between antibodies and disease activity; iii) to investigate the correlation between antibodies, diagnostic subgroups and disease activity. Sixty-eight patients were selected. A positive rheumatoidfactor and anti-citrullinated-peptides-antibodies tests were found both at diagnosis and in adulthood (P<0.05). Their association with the polyarticular subgroup persisted in the long term (P<0.05) and they associated with a higher disease activity in adulthood assessed with both JADAS27 and SDAI. At diagnosis, 45.6% of patients were ANA positive, while only 13.2% stayed positive in adulthood (P<0.05). These results may highlight the need to verify in adulthood the presence of ANA in those patients with JIA with ANA positivity at diagnosis

Effect of low doses of estradiol and tamoxifen on breast cancer cell karyotypes

Evidence supports a role of 17?-estradiol (E2) in carcinogenesis and the large majority of breast carcinomas are dependent on estrogen. The anti-estrogen tamoxifen (TAM) is widely used for both treatment and prevention of breast cancer; however, it is also carcinogenic in human uterus and rat liver, highlighting the profound complexity of its actions. The nature of E2- or TAM-induced chromosomal damage has been explored using relatively high concentrations of these agents, and only some numerical aberrations and chromosomal breaks have been analyzed. This study aimed to determine the effects of low doses of E2 and TAM (10-8 mol L-1 and 10-6 mol L-1 respectively) on karyotypes of MCF7, T47D, BT474, and SKBR3 breast cancer cells by comparing the results of conventional karyotyping and multi-FISH painting with cell proliferation. Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive (+) cells showed an increase in cell proliferation after E2 treatment (MCF7, T47D, and BT474) and a decrease after TAM treatment (MCF7 and T47D), whereas in ER- cells (SKBR3), no alterations in cell proliferation were observed, except for a small increase at 96 h. Karyotypes of both ER+ and ER- breast cancer cells increased in complexity after treatments with E2 and TAM leading to specific chromosomal abnormalities, some of which were consistent throughout the treatment duration. This genotoxic effect was higher in HER2+ cells. The ER-/HER2+ SKBR3 cells were found to be sensitive to TAM, exhibiting an increase in chromosomal aberrations. These in vitro results provide insights into the potential role of low doses of E2 and TAM in inducing chromosomal rearrangements in breast cancer cells. © 2016 Society for Endocrinology Published by Bioscientifica Ltd. Printed in Great Britain

The impact of warmed and humidified CO sub2sub insufflation during robotic radical prostatectomy Results of a randomized controlled trial

Supplemental material, Suppl_TABLE_1_review_Humigard for The impact of warmed and humidified CO2 insufflation during robotic radical prostatectomy: Results of a randomized controlled trial by Marco Oderda, Elisabetta Cerutti, Paolo Gontero, Tilde Manetta, Giulio Mengozzi, Nicolas Meyer, Stefania Munegato, Eric Noll, Paola Rampa, Thierry Piéchaud and Pierre Diemunsch in Urologia Journal</p