Diversity of Bivalve and Gastropod, Molluscs of some localities from Raigad district, Maharashtra, west coast of India.

Diversity of bivalve and gastropod molluscs from mangrove habitat, rocky substrata, sandy beach, and muddy habitat was studied. 22% bivalves while 78% gastropods were recorded during October 2010 to September 2011. The numbers of molluscs was comprised of bivalve species namely Crassostrea cattuckensis, Saccostrea cucullata, Anadara granosa, Meretrix meretrix, and gastropods Planaxis sulcatus, Littorina scabra, Dostia violacea,  Cerithium cingulata,Telescopium telescopium, Nodilittorina melanostoma and Casidula nucleus  were dominant, The productive molluscan fauna in prevalence of different habitats so a wide chance of research to further explore on the possibility of ecological value and  there conservation

Diversity of Bivalve and Gastropod Molluscs in Mangrove ecosystem from selected sites of Raigad district, Maharashtra, West coast of India.

Diversity of Bivalve and Gastropod Molluscs from mangrove habitat was studied. 37% bivalves while 63% gastropods were recorded during October 2008 to September 2009. The numbers of molluscs was comprised of bivalve species namely Crassostrea cattuckensis, Saccostrea cucullata, Anadara granosa, Polymesoda maxima, Meretrix meretrix, and gastropods Cerithium cingulata,Telescopium telescopium, Littorina scabra Nodilittorina melanostoma were abundant. These localities has productive molluscan fauna so a wide chance of research to further explore on the possibility of ecological value and there conservation

Seasonal variation in the protein composition of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier) from within PFZ and outside PFZ at Sakhri-Natye fish landing centre on the coast of Ratnagiri district at Maharashtra state.

The protein content in the muscles, liver and gonad of Ratrelliger kanagurta from Sakhri-Natye fish landing centre at Ratnagiri district coast was studies from Within Potential Fishing Zone (PFZ) and Outside PFZ. The protein study analyzed that winter and summer season. the protein content was increased in male muscle than female muscle, gonad and liver respectively within PFZ than outside PFZ. The protein contents in the body muscle, liver and gonad of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier) were investigated. The compositions varied seasonally in relation to reproductive cycle of the fish. The study also showed that protein was high in the muscles and gonads and in liver from within PFZ than outside PFZ in female and male

Histopathological changes in the hepatopancreas of Lamellidens marginalis exposed to cadmium in winter

In the present study, the destruction of the basement membrane of the hepatic tubules and cell surface of the digestive cells after cadmium exposure probably caused disfunction of the surface receptors resulting in the disturbance of the lysosomal system functioning

Reproduction in edible bivalve shellfishes of Ratnagiri Coast

Clams, oysters and mussels are regularly fished and marketed at different places in Ratnagiri district throughout year, rarely in peak of monsoon. The annual reproductive cycles of three species of edible clams Paphia laterisulca, Katelysia opima and Meretrix meretrix, the oysters Saccostrea cucullata and C. grypholdes and the green mussel Perna virldis of the Ratnagiri coast have been studied. Maximum gonad index occurs during June-August and November-February in P. laterisulca, June-September and January-February In K. opima and February-August In M. meretrix. The histological studies revealed spawning m P. laterisulca during mid September-Match with two peaks • once in October-November and another In February-March. Spawning in K. opima occurs during October-November and March-April. M. meretrix spawns only during October-November. S. cucullata spawns during October-January, and C, grypholdes during October-November. P. virldis spawns during late July-early September. The difference In such spawning periods of these shellfishes have be°n attributed to the change* In salinities in the respective habitats with the secondary cffecta of temperature on the gonads- The results are discussed in the light of species adjustment to the fluctuating environment and biochemical-phyiiology

Neuroendocrine regulation in Lamellibranch molluscs

Gametogenesis and spawning in lamellibranch molluscs may be controlled by either exogenous or endogenous factors. Though the factors like salinity or temperature in such studies have been widely elaborated by various workers, the endogenous regulation stilt remains in its infancy. Our experimental studies, based on the classic histological staining of the neurosecretory material, have revealed neurosecretory cells in the central ganglia of lamellibranch molluscs. The tinctorial properties of these cells may vary from species to species. The pyriform (pear-shaped) neurosecretory cells from cerebral ganglia revealed such endogenous regulation system affecting the release of sex products. There exists four successive stages in the passage of neurosecretory product within the sell body- This has been extensively worked out in case of Perna from Ratnagiri coast. The data have been correlated with the gonad maturation stages and spawning

Armodafinil versus Modafinil in Patients of Excessive Sleepiness Associated with Shift Work Sleep Disorder: A Randomized Double Blind Multicentric Clinical Trial

Aim. To compare the efficacy and safety of armodafinil, the R-enantiomer of modafinil, with modafinil in patients of shift work sleep disorder (SWSD). Material and Methods. This was a 12-week, randomized, comparative, double-blind, multicentric, parallel-group study in 211 patients of SWSD, receiving armodafinil (150 mg) or modafinil (200 mg) one hour prior to the night shift. Outcome Measures. Efficacy was assessed by change in stanford sleepiness score (SSS) by at least 2 grades (responder) and global assessment for efficacy. Safety was assessed by incidence of adverse events, change in laboratory parameters, ECG, and global assessment of tolerability. Results. Both modafinil and armodafinil significantly improved sleepiness mean grades as compared to baseline (P < .0001). Responder rates with armodafinil (72.12%) and modafinil (74.29%) were comparable (P = .76). Adverse event incidences were comparable. Conclusion. Armodafinil was found to be safe and effective in the treatment of SWSD in Indian patients. The study did not demonstrate any difference in efficacy and safety of armodafinil 150 mg and modafinil 200 mg

Glial and neuronal markers in cerebrospinal fluid in different types of multiple sclerosis

In the present study, CSF concentrations of NFL, t-tau, p-tau, GFAP, S-100B, YKL-40, MCP-1, α-sAPP, β-sAPP, and Aβ38, Aβ40, Aβ42 were measured in 324 MS patients to test whether a correlation among the biomarkers exists and whether the profile of CSF biomarkers varies among the different types of MS. The CSF concentrations of NFL were significantly higher in RRMS while CSF concentrations of GFAP were higher in PPMS. CSF concentrations of NFL correlated with YKL-40 in CIS patients while CSF concentrations of GFAP correlated with YKL-40 in RRMS patients