Kerentanan Wilayah Terhadap Covid-19 di Kota Pariaman

Hampir seluruh wilayah di Indonesia terpapar virus Covid-19 termasuk Kota Pariaman. Kota Pariaman merupakan salah satu destinasi wisata seperti pariwisata pantai sehingga banyak didatangi wisatawan saat hari libur sehingga menyebabkan tingginya tingkat interaksi manusia dan kontak langsung antara manusia terjadi secara intensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi kerentanan wilayah terhadap Covid-19 di Kota Pariaman. Adapun data yang digunakan sebagai variabel dalam penelitian ini berupa data sekunder dan data primer. Data sekunder berupa penduduk usia rentan dan kerapatan jalan, sedangkan data primer berupa jarak dari Rumah Sakit rujukan dan persebaran lokasi vital. Teknik pengumpulan data tersebut yaitu dengan mencari berbagai referensi dari penelitian sebelumnya dan juga pengamatan langsung di lapangan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu analisis spasial deskriptif dengan metode overlay terhadap variabel-variabel yang digunakan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa kerentanan tertinggi terhadap Covid-19 berada di bagian barat Kota Pariaman tepatnya di Kecamatan Pariaman Tengah karena terdapat kelompok usia rentan paling banyak, dan persebaran lokasi vital seperti cafe, pasar tradisional, dan stasiun berada disana, meskipun rumah sakit rujukan berada di kawasan tersebut

A moderate 500-m treadmill walk for estimating peak oxygen uptake in men with NYHA class I-II heart failure and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction

Background: Maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) is the gold-standard for cardiorespiratory fitness assessment in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients. However, high costs, required medical supervision, and safety concerns make maximal exercise testing impractical for evaluating mobility-impaired adults. Thus, several submaximal walking protocols have been developed and currently used to estimate peak oxygen consumption (VO(2)peak)in CHF patients. However, these tests have to be performed at close to maximum exercise intensity. The aim of this study was to examine the validity of a 500-m treadmill-walking test carried out at moderate intensity for estimating VO(2)peak in community-dwelling adult and elderly patients with CHF and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF).Methods: Forty-three clinically stable men with HFrEF (age 67.7 +/- 9.2 years, and left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF 38% +/- 6%) underwent exercise testing during an outpatient cardiac rehabilitation/secondary prevention program. Each patients completed a CPX, and a moderate and self-paced (11-13/20 on the Borg scale) 500-m treadmill-walking test. Age, weight, height, walk time, and heart rate during the 500-m test were entered into prediction equations previously validated for VO(2)peak estimation from a 1000-m walking test in patients with cardiovascular disease and preserved LVEF.Results: Directly measured and estimated VO(2)peak values were not different (21.6 +/- 4.9 vs 21.7 +/- 4.6 mL/kg/min). The comparison between measured and estimated VO(2)peak values yielded a correlation of R = 0.97 (SEE = 0.7 mL/kg/min, P < 0.0001). The slope and the intercept coincided with the line of identity (Passing and Bablock analysis, P = 0.50). Residuals were normally distributed, and the examination of the Bland-Altman analysis do not show systematic or proportional error.Conclusions: A moderate and self-regulated 500-m treadmill-walking test is a valid tool for VO(2)peak estimation in patients with HFrEF. These findings may have practical implications in the context of transitioning from clinically based programs to fitness facilities or self-guided exercise programs in adults and elderly men with HFrEF

A Dynamic Objective Evaluation of Peripheral Arterial Disease by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

AbstractObjectivesNear-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), suitable for dynamic measurements, is not routinely used for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). We propose a dynamic NIRS-based measurement to quantify variations in muscle metabolism in PAD.MethodSixty-seven consecutive PAD patients (males=56, age 71.6±8.7 years) and 28 healthy subjects (males=12, age 30.4±11.9 years) were studied. An echo-colour Doppler (ECD) was performed and the ankle–brachial index (ABI) was calculated. Participants performed an incremental treadmill test with NIRS probes on the gastrocnemius. Variations in oxygenated (HbO2), deoxygenated (HHb), total (tHb=HbO2+HHb), and differential (dHb=HbO2−HHb) haemoglobin were recorded and quantified as area-under-curve (AUC) within the range 1.7–3.0kmh−1. Heart rate was recorded, and the number of beats in the same interval was calculated (dHr).ResultsO2HbAUC, HHbAUC and dHbAUC differed between diseased and non-diseased legs (P<0.0001) and exhibited different patterns related to PAD severity according to the ABI value. A compensatory heart rate increase was observed in PAD patients. Compared with the ECD positivity for occlusions/stenoses or multiple plaques, only the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of dHbAUC (area=0.932, P<0.0001) showed a sensitivity/specificity of 87.6/93.4 for values ≤−197 (LR+LR−: 13.36/0.13).ConclusionThe dynamic NIRS-based test, quantifying muscle metabolic response according to presence and degree of PAD, allows the evaluation of patients with walking disabilities

Kajian dan Evaluasi Bencana Tanah Longsor di Kecamatan Tanjungsari terhadap RTRW Kabupaten Bogor

Bencana tanah longsor merupakan salah satu bencana alam yang sering terjadi di Indonesia yang memiliki beragam kondisi geografis dan topografi wilayah yang berbeda-beda. Namun, uji kesesuaian antara dokumen RTRW dengan potensi daerah dan faktor lain seperti bencana belum perah dilakukan kajian mendalam terhadap pemanfaatan ruangnya. Kecamatan Tanjungsari, Kabupaten Bogor merupakan daerah yang pernah mengalami longsor januari 2020 lalu. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi RTRW Kabupaten Bogor terhadap bencana tanah longsor di Kecamatan Tanjungsari. Adapun kerawanan suatu wilayah terhadap tanah longsor disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor yang dijadikan sebagai parameter pada kajian ini. Parameter tersebut berupa penggunaan lahan, curah hujan, kelerengan, geologi, dan jenis tanah. Tiap parameter yang digunakan diberi skor dan bobot kemudian dilakukan overlay dari tiap pembobotan parameter untuk memperoleh peta kerawanan tanah longsor. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis spasial deskriptif mengenai kerawanan tanah longsor tersebut terhadap RTRW Kabupaten Bogor. Hasilnya jika dibandingkan dengan kondisi existing, penggunaan lahan perkebunan dan kawasan hutan bertampalan dengan wilayah rawan bencana longsor. Maka perlu adanya peninjauan kembali terhadap peta RTRW yang sudah ada untuk mengurangi dampak akibat tanah longsor

Walking either guided or suggested is effective in reducing blood pressure in hypertensive subjects

Purpose: Aim of this study is to observe the effects of a 6-month walking program, either guided or recommended, on the blood pressure of hypertensive subjects. Methods: Participants had to be[40 years old, a systolic pressure[ 140 mmHg and to declare a sedentary lifestyle. Blood pressure, weight, BMI, waist circumference and walking speed were assessed at enrolment. The subjects could decide to enter in a group guided by exercise physiologists (WG, n = 93) or in a group in which walking was only recommended (CG, n = 99). Results: At baseline subjects were[55 years, SBP[140 mmHg and BMI[25. All variables considered in the two subgroups were superimposable. Walking time was significantly longer in WG than in CG (300 vs 120 min/week). Seventy subjects completed the WG and 88 the CG programs. In both subgroups a highly significantly decrease of anthropometric variables were observed. Systolic and diastolic pressure decreased in the WG by 7.5 (P&lt;0.0001) and by 1.9 mmHg (P = 0.039) respectively and in the CG by 4.1 (P&lt;0.0001) and 2.1 mmHg (P = 0.005), respectively. The decrease in SBP was higher in WG than CG (P&lt;0.0001). Sixteen-months after the end of the study, 77% of the WG subjects and 34% of the CG declared to maintain walking habit. Conclusions: Both walking programs resulted in clinically significant reductions of systolic and diastolic blood pressure with a reduction of SBP significantly higher in subjects who choose the guided walking program. WG was also more effective in maintaining long-term walking habit