NOAA Weather Satellite Station at KUTKM

A ground station has been installed at Kolej Universiti Teknikal Kebangsaan Malaysia (KUTKM) to receive the VHF signal form the United State National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Low Earth Orbiting Satellite (LEO) weather satellite series. The satellite signal was received and decoded as image which was displayed on computer screen in the form of visible light, infra-red or the combination of both. The image file is then processed and stored into a local computer for meteorology study in KUTKM

Real-time Wi-Fi network performance evaluation

The most critical parameters that indicate the Wi-Fi network are throughput, delay, latency, and packet loss since they provide significant benefits, especially to the end-user. This research aims to investigate Wi-Fi performance in an indoor environment for light-of-sight (LOS) and nonlight-of-sight (NLOS) conditions. The effect of the surrounding obstacles and distance has also been reported in the paper. The parameters measured are packet loss, the packet sent, the packet received, throughput, and latency. Site measurement is done to obtain real-time and optimum results. The measured parameters are then validated using the EMCO ping monitor 8 software. The comparison results between the measurement and the simulation are well presented in this paper. Additionally, the measurement distance is done up to 30 meters and the results are reported in the paper as well. The results indicate that the throughput value decreases with an increasing distance, where the lowest throughput value is 24.64 Mbps and the highest throughput value is 70.83 Mbps. Next, the maximum latency value from the measurement is 79 ms, while the lowest latency value is 56.09 ms. Finally, this research verified that obstacles and distances are among the contributing factors affecting the throughput and latency performance of the Wi-Fi network

Wireless temperature sensor network

Sensor networks are being widely deployed for measurement, detection and surveillance applications. Today, humidity becomes very important in many aspects especially in manufacturing industry. Therefore, the use of tools or systems that can monitor the humidity level is very significant. Sensor networks can be used to identify larger trends in temperature which could be used to report energy usage, HVAC problems, computer failures based on high temperatures and fire evacuation route reporting. This project presents a design of Wireless Temperature Sensor Network that capable to monitor the humidity level. This Wireless Temperature Sensor Network comprises of two parts; temperature detection and monitoring. The detection section will sense the temperature and transmit the signal to the monitoring section. All the sensors are connected mote to mote to ensure that each mote can communicate and exchange the data with each other. The collection of temperature data would be obtained by a sensor network. The data was collected using a temperature sensor network connected to a stand-alone computer. This approach can makes the monitoring process becomes more efficient and cost effective. The data (temperature level) will be display by using GUI. In the case of mote to mote system, the GUI capable to display the overall level of temperature

Development Of Miniature Base Transceiver Station Using Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting

This study developed miniature of base transceiver station powered up by radio frequency energy harvesting. Base transceiver station is one of the major equipment in telecommunication system that able to transmit the signal to the receiver such as mobile phones which let it to complete the communication process. However, the base station need to have power supply to powered up the equipment. Previously studied, the base station’s power supply was from nature sources such as solar energy or wind energy. Due to the unstable condition of the weather, the power radiated might not be able to power up the base station hence, RF energy harvested was introduced. There are 3 main objectives of the project, firstly is to develop the basic concept of base transceiver station with radio frequency energy harvesting. Second, to implement the hall effect sensor into the concept of the base transceiver station. Third, to analyze the idea of the miniature of base transceiver station by look through the output and radio frequency energy harvesting. The RF energy harvested shows one of the methods to overcome this problem. RF energy harvested are one of the tools that need low frequency signal for it to transmit the power to the base transceiver station. The LEDs as the output which indicated as the antenna on the base transceiver station lights up as the hardware connection being made. Hence, the circuit for the RF energy harvesting and the hall sensor effect that will light up the LEDs shown. This study will show the implementation of the RF energy harvesting to the equipment

Comparative Study of Different Near-Infrared (NIR) Wavelengths on Glucose Concentration Detection

There are a lot of in-vitro non-invasive techniques to measure a glucose concentration and one of them is by using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. In this study, the main objective is to compare the behaviour on the different wavelengths of NIR transmitter (1050 nm, 1200 nm, 1300 nm, 1450 nm, and 1550 nm) on different glucose concentration solutions (0 to 300 mg/dL) and the measurement indicates a correlation between voltage and glucose concentration. The conditional circuit of NIR transmitter and detector is designed in order for the transmitter to transmit an optimal intensity of light. Besides, it also consists of the filter and amplifier used to filter and amplify the signal from the noise on the detector side. The transmitter and detector are positioned facing each other and the cuvette that filled with glucose solution is located in between. A placeholder casing for the experimental setup is designed to reduce an external error during the data collection. The voltage outputs are recorded for every different glucose concentrations by using different transmitter wavelength. Based on the results, it shows that the voltage output reading is directly proportionate to the glucose concentrations. These behaviours are similar to all different transmitter wavelengths used. The R-square (R2) and root-mean-square error (RMSE) for every wavelength used are varied. The result of using 1450 nm wavelength shows the best correlation between voltage outputs and glucose concentrations compared to other wavelengths with the highest value of R2. A linear equation is extracted from the fitted graph and can be used to predict the value of glucose concentrations

The Evolution Of Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Monitoring System For Personal Application

Glucose monitoring technology has been used by diabetic patients to monitor their blood glucose level for the past three decades. This technology is very useful for managing diet among diabetic patients. This paper reviews the fundamental technique of blood glucose detection method and the development of blood glucose monitoring systems that have been developed ever since. The most common and widely used technique is an invasive technique that requires users to prick their finger to draw the blood. However, recently a lot of new technologies have been developed for non-invasive technique to monitor blood glucose monitoring and studies in this area are growing rapidly. Among all, the optical and transdermal approach are the two most potential sensing modalities for non-invasive glucose monitoring that show a very good prospect

Line Follower Mobile Robot for Surveillance Camera Monitoring System

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the development of a mobile surveillance camera monitoring system. This robotic system is introduced to assist in solving the limited coverage problem facing by the conventional surveillance camera which is usually installed at a fixed position. Line follower is chosen to provide a mobile movement of the surveillance monitoring system. Other than surveillance purpose, the camera also functions to detect any kind of obstacle on the route. A specific route and task are designed for the robotic system to test its functionality. It shows that the robotic system manages to complete the designed track and manage to detect the obstacle

A Low Cost Finger-Vein Capturing Device

This paper is focusing on the development of a low cost finger-vein capturing device with Graphical User Interface (GUI). It is a device that will capture the human finger-vein image and will be used for biometric security purposes such as authentication, verification and identification. A near-infrared light (NIR) will be emitted by a bank of NIR Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) which will penetrate the finger and are absorbed by the haemoglobin in the blood. The areas in which the NIR rays are absorbed (i.e. Veins) thus appear as dark regions in an image conveyed by a CCD camera located on the opposite side of the finger. The image captured is analyzed using Mean Square Error (MSE) and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) to determine the suitable potentiometer level and to determine the best finger-vein image

Qualitative-based QoS performance study using hybrid ACO and PSO algorithm routing in MANET

In today's accelerated growth of mobile device technology, resource utilization in access network will continue to draw more attention to the increasing mobile user devices and applications. The main objective is to address the issue of QoS resource utilization efficiency. This paper combines the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm and the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to provide the optimum routing and to improve the QoS resource utilization efficiency. This proposed hybrid ACO-PSO algorithm uses the IEEE 802.11 DCF standard with multi-antenna scheme (MIMO) of Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) to apply into integrated wireless (MANET) optical (PON network) based in Software Defined Network (SDN) with cloud computing. IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) gives the opportunity to its users to practice the wireless environment and full functionality of "anything, anytime, anywhere" concept. The proposed work is implemented using the OMNeT++ software where it investigates the QoS performance. These metrics include all nodes throughput, bandwidth, and load balance, routing and control overhead improvement with reduction. They also comprise of RSSI, end to end delay, Packet Delivery Ratio, network capacity, packet loss probability, as well as power consumption in all wireless nodes and energy consumption from wireless domain to wired domain

Improved Location And Positioning Utilizing Single MIMO Base Station In IMT-Advanced System

This paper discusses an improvement of location and positioning estimation using one of the IMT-Advanced systems known as the mobile WiMAX. The Single MIMO Base Station (SMBS) in mobile WiMAX is combined with a virtual technique, known as the Virtual Base Stations, created a novel algorithm for location and positioning (L&P) purposes. This algorithm based on the angle of arrival (AOA) and angle of departure (AOD) measurement parameter completed the new SMBS algorithm with virtual base station (SMVirBS). The developed algorithm includes the effect of the geometric dilution of precision (GDOP) to assist with the location estimation accuracy. The simulation results showed that the proposed SMVirBS technique always outperforms the linear least square (LLS) algorithm in terms of estimated location accuracy. The technique also has the capability to work well in non-line of sight errors (NLOS)