Impact of Smoking Exposure on Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcome Among Saudi Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: To assess the impact of smoking exposure on pregnancy and perinatal outcomes among Saudi women. Methods: This research will employ a cross-sectional study design to assess the impact of smoking exposure on pregnancy and perinatal outcomes among Saudi women. Cross-sectional studies are particularly suitable for examining associations and prevalence within a defined population at a specific point in time. In this case, the study aims to collect data on smoking behavior, pregnancy history, and perinatal outcomes among a representative sample of Saudi women in healthcare facilities across different regions of the country. The cross-sectional design allows for the efficient collection of data from a diverse population, providing insights into the relationship between smoking and perinatal outcomes without the need for long-term follow-up. Results: The study included 450 participants. The most frequent age among them was 35 and more years (n= 309, 68.7%) followed by 30-34 (n= 94, 20.9%). The most frequent educational level among study participants was the university (n= 408, 90.7%) followed by the school (n= 39, 8.7%). The most frequent job among study participants was a Governmental job (n= 159, 35.3%) followed by a housewife (n= 135, 30%). Number of previous births among study participants with most of them having a previous birth (n= 396, 88%) followed by this is the first birth (n= 54, 12%). Number of previous pregnancies among study participants with most of them having a previous pregnancy (n= 408, 90.7%) followed by this is the first pregnancy (n= 42, 9.3%). Number of abortions among study participants with most of them nothing (n= 234, 52%) followed by there is (n= 216, 48%). Participants were asked about smoking. The most frequent were don’t smoke (n= 315, 70%) followed by smoking (n= 135, 30%). The most frequent exposure to smoking among them was yes (n= 333, 74%) followed by no (n= 117, 26%). Conclusion: Study results showed that most of the study participants are the university according to their educational level. Most frequencies of participants had a previous birth. Most of them don’t smoke in another hand most of them were exposed to smoking. In addition, most of the study participants had good social connection

Primary Investigation of Low Back Pain among Saudi Arabians: A Cross-Sectional Study

Low back pain (LBP) is a prevalent disease that affects all ages and is a symptom that induces immobility. Patients’ beliefs may influence LBP management, and adjusting detrimental beliefs is required to improve treatment outcomes. Our aim was to evaluate the prevalence of LBP within the Saudi population and beliefs regarding LBP, physical activity, rest, imaging, and medication. People with LBP were targeted with a questionnaire containing sections on demographic information and the validated Back Beliefs Questionnaire (BBQ), in addition to questions regarding imaging, physical activity, rest and medication. A total of 651 responses were received, 559 of them (86%) experienced LBP. The most common age group was those aged 18–21 (n = 221), 80% from females. The average BBQ score was 27.8 (SD = 5.58). The majority of the respondents held the following beliefs, which are contrary to the best available evidence: back pain must be rested (77.1%) and X-rays or scans are required to gain the best medical care for LBP (73.2%). The Saudi population holds unhelpful beliefs that may affect their quality of life. Healthcare professionals working with patients with LBP have an important role in changing detrimental beliefs and behaviors about the condition