Accumulation and depletion layer thicknesses in organic field effect transistors

We present a simple but powerful method to determine the thicknesses of the accumulation and depletion layers and the distribution curve of injected carriers in organic field effect transistors. The conductivity of organic semiconductors in thin film transistors was measured in-situ and continuously with a bottom contact configuration, as a function of film thickness at various gate voltages. Using this method, the thicknesses of the accumulation and depletion layers of pentacene were determined to be 0.9 nm (VG=-15 V) and 5 nm (VG=15 V).Comment: 3 pages, 4 figures, Jap. J. Appl. Phys. in pres

Establishment Of Highly Precise CAE Analysis Model Using Automotive Bolts

In this paper, the authors propose a model for a highly precise CAE analysis approach, which is intended to contribute to the regeneration of development and design. This model has been applied with significant results in making proposals for bolt tightening behavior analysis, which continues to be an area of concern

Establishment Of Bolt Tightening Simulation System For Automotive Industry Application Of The Highly Reliable CAE Model

The automotive industry is engaging in a “global production strategy for simultaneous achievement of QCD (quality, cost and delivery) in an effort to prevail and survive in the “worldwide quality competition”. In an effort to realize this, the authors have proposed the high quality assurance system for simultaneous achievement of QCD by a change to super short period development designing, the “Highly Reliable CAE (Computer-Aided Engineering) Model” and demonstrated its effectiveness. To realize this, the rational integration of overall optimality and partial optimality needs to be achieved through the process of “problem – theory – algorithm – modeling – calculator” as a technical requirement to be included in “Bolt Tightening Simulation System”

Amino Acid Metabolism and Transport in Soybean Plants

The ammonium produced by nitrogen fixation in the bacteroid is rapidly excreted to cytosol of infected cell of soybean nodules and then assimilated into glutamine and glutamic acid, by glutamine synthetase/glutamate synthase pathway. Most of the nitrogen is further assimilated into ureides, allantoin, and allantoic acid, via purine synthesis, and they are transported through xylem to the shoots. Nitrate absorbed in the roots is reduced by nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase to ammonia either in the roots or leaves. The ammonia is also assimilated by glutamine synthetase/glutamate synthase pathway, and mainly transported by asparagine, and not ureides. The nitrogen transported into leaves is readily utilized for protein synthesis, and then, some of them are decomposed and retransported to roots, apical shoots, and pods via phloem mainly in the form of asparagine

Development of Bilayered Bone Marrow-derived Cell-Gelatin Grafts for Augmentation Cystoplasty and Reconstruction of Bladder Tissues in Rats

Background : This study attempted to produce a novel graft composed of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cell (BMC) layer-gelatin sheets for bladder augmentation cystoplasty. Then, we determined if the grafts could reconstruct bladder tissues. Methods : BMCs harvested from the femurs of green fluorescence protein (GFP)-transfected Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were adherent and proliferating cells on collagen dishes. The cells were then cultured on temperatureresponsive culture dishes. Following this, the BMCs maintaining cell-cell contacts within the monolayer itself were applied to a gelatin sheet. Two BMC layer-gelatin sheets were overlaid together with the cell sides juxtaposed with one another (bilayered BMC-gelatin graft). Bladder top of SD rats were incised and transplanted with the bilayered BMC-gelatin grafts. Similarly, urinary bladders irradiated with 2 Gy once a week for 5 weeks were also conducted. As control, bilayered acellular-gelatin grafts were used. At 4 weeks after transplantation, the bladders were histologically investigated. Results : At 4 weeks after transplantation into either normal or radiation-injured urinary bladders, incised regions closed. The closed regions of bladder top had reconstructed tissues that were formed with urothelium, and smooth muscle layers. Within the reconstructed tissues, the thickness of the smooth muscle layers in the bilayered BMC-gelatin graft-transplanted bladders were larger compared to controls. The GFP-positive transplanted BMCs were detected. Some of the cells were simultaneously positive for smooth muscle or nerve cell markers. Conclusion : This study showed that the bilayered BMC-gelatin grafts that were experimentally produced could reconstruct bladder tissues. The grafts would be developed as grafts for bladder augmentation cystoplasty.Article信州医学雑誌 71(3) : 167-177, (2023)journal articl

Atomic and Electronic Structures of Unreconstructed Polar MgO(111) Thin Film on Ag(111)

Atomic and electronic structures of a polar surface of MgO formed on Ag(111) was investigated by using reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED), Auger electron spectroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS). A rather flat unreconstructed polar MgO(111) 1$\times$1 surface could be grown by alternate adsorption of Mg and O$_{2}$ on Ag(111). The stability of the MgO(111) surface was discussed in terms of interaction between Ag and Mg atoms at the interface, and charge state of the surface atoms. EELS of this surface did not show a band gap region, and finite density of states appeared at the Fermi level in UPS. These results suggest that a polar MgO(111) surface was not an insulating surface but a semiconducting or metallic surface.Comment: 6 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev.

Acquired laryngomalacia after craniotomy

Background : Laryngomalacia is a congenital abnormality of the larynx that commonly occurs in children and rarely in adults. We report the first case of acquired laryngomalacia mainly due to postoperative seizure and central pontine myelinolysis after scheduled craniotomy. Case presentation : A 69-year-old man was admitted to the hospital for elective craniotomy for craniopharyngioma. After the surgery, he developed refractory seizure and required intubation and mechanical ventilation in the intensive-care unit (ICU). After treatment for the seizure, he was extubated. However, immediately after extubation, he developed stridor and respiratory retraction. We performed fiberoptic laryngoscopy and confirmed that the epiglottis had collapsed into the posterior wall of the pharynx during inspiration, which was suspected to be laryngomalacia. He received invasive mechanical ventilation for two days following re-extubation. After the second extubation, he developed stridor again due to acquired laryngomalacia. Six days later, his respiratory condition had worsened, and he received re-intubation and tracheostomy. After ICU discharge, central pontine myelinolysis was diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusions : Adult-onset laryngomalacia is a rare cause of upper airway obstruction but should be considered as a cause of postoperative extubation failure. We should not delay performing fiberoptic laryngoscopy to evaluate this pathology and provide optimal treatment

Patient-derived ovarian cancer organoids capture the genomic profiles of primary tumours applicable for drug sensitivity and resistance testing

The use of primary patient-derived organoids for drug sensitivity and resistance testing could play an important role in precision cancer medicine. We developed expandable ovarian cancer organoids in<3 weeks; these organoids captured the characteristics of histological cancer subtypes and replicated the mutational landscape of the primary tumours. Seven pairs of organoids (3 high-grade serous, 1 clear cell, 3 endometrioid) and original tumours shared 59.5% (36.1-73.1%) of the variants identified. Copy number variations were also similar among organoids and primary tumours. The organoid that harboured the BRCA1 pathogenic variant (p.L63*) showed a higher sensitivity to PARP inhibitor, olaparib, as well as to platinum drugs compared to the other organoids, whereas an organoid derived from clear cell ovarian cancer was resistant to conventional drugs for ovarian cancer, namely platinum drugs, paclitaxel, and olaparib. The overall success rate of primary organoid culture, including those of various histological subtypes, was 80% (28/35). Our data show that patient-derived organoids are suitable physiological ex vivo cancer models that can be used to screen effective personalised ovarian cancer drugs

Independent ventilation of graft rejection

Background : We herein report the use of independent lung ventilation (ILV) for managing acute allograft rejection after single-lung transplantation (SLT) for end-stage emphysema. Case presentation : A 54-year-old woman was transferred to our hospital with severe hypoxemia and respiratory distress due to unilateral lung disease with diffuse alveolar damage in the right donor lung associated with acute allograft rejection and with hyperinflation of the left native lung due to emphysema. She was unresponsive to immunosuppressive medications and conventional ventilation strategies, so different ventilator settings for each lung were required. A double-lumen endotracheal tube (DLT) was inserted, and ILV was initiated. The right lung was ventilated with high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), intended for lung recruitment, and the left lung was ventilated with lung protective strategies using a low tidal volume and low levels of PEEP to avoid hyperinflation. Two days later, her lung function was dramatically improved, and the DLT was replaced with a single-lumen endotracheal tube. Gas exchange was maintained, and she was successfully weaned from mechanical ventilation on intensive-care unit day 15. Conclusions : ILV appears to be effective and safe for managing acute allograft rejection after SLT for emphysema