Design for real-time data acquisition based on streaming technology

For the LHD project a long-pulse plasma experiment of 1-h duration is planned. In this quasi steady-state operation, the data acquisition system will be required to continuously transfer the diagnostic data from the digitizer front-end and display them in real-time. The CompactPCI standard is used to replace the conventional CAMAC digitizers in LHD, because it provides good functionality for real-time data streaming and also a connectivity with modern PC technology. The digitizer scheme, interface to the host computer, adoption of data compression, and downstream applications are discussed in detail to design and implement this new real-time data streaming system for LHD plasma diagnostics

Binding of macrophages and phospholipid flip-flop in supported lipid bilayers

AbstractSubclass-specific antibody-dependent interactions (binding and triggering) between macrophages and supported lipid bilayers have been studied. Percentages of mouse macrophage binding (J774 cell line) to the lipid bilayers were dependent on mouse monoclonal IgG subclasses. The efficiencies were as follows: IgG1 = IgG2a > IgG2b > IgG3. Furthermore, macrophage triggering (spreading) was more efficient on IgG2a-or IgGl-coated lipid bilayers than on IgG2a, IgG3, or non-specific rabbit IgG. The present experiments show also that phospholipid molecules are able to flip-flop from one side of a supported planar bilayer membrane to the other with a half-life of 10 h–1 day at 25°C

Early transmembrane events in tumour cell responses observed by stopped-flow fluorometry

AbstractEarly transmembrane events of tumour cells (mouse myeloma X5563 and lymphoma RDM4) after binding of a monoclonal antibody against mouse MHC antigen and a mitogenic lectin, Con A, were examined by stopped-flow fluorometry with 3 different fluorescent probes. The results showed that membrane fluidities of the cells increased first after binding of anti H-2Kk monoclonal antibody (11-4.1), then calcium was released from intracellular stores into the cytoplasma, and lastly calcium influx occurred from the external medium into the cytoplasma. While Con A only induced calcium influx from the external medium into the cytoplasma

Multi-Layer Distributed Storage of LHD Plasma Diagnostic Database

At the end of LHD experimental campaign in 2003, the amount of whole plasma diagnostics raw data had reached 3.16 GB in a long-pulse experiment. This is a new world record in fusion plasma experiments, far beyond the previous value of 1.5 GB/shot. The total size of the LHD diagnostic data is about 21.6 TB for the whole six years of experiments, and it continues to grow at an increasing rate. The LHD diagnostic database and storage system, i.e. the LABCOM system, has a completely distributed architecture to be sufficiently flexible and easily expandable to maintain integrity of the total amount of data. It has three categories of the storage layer: OODBMS volumes in data acquisition servers, RAID servers, and mass storage systems, such as MO jukeboxes and DVD-R changers. These are equally accessible through the network. By data migration between them, they can be considered a virtual OODB extension area. Their data contents have been listed in a “facilitator” PostgreSQL RDBMS, which now contains about 6.2 million entries, and informs the optimized priority to clients requesting data. Using the “glib” compression for all of the binary data and applying the three-tier application model for the OODB data transfer/retrieval, an optimized OODB read-out rate of 1.7 MB/s and effective client access speed of 3?25 MB/s have been achieved. As a result, the LABCOM data system has succeeded in combination of the use of RDBMS, OODBMS, RAID, and MSS to enable a virtual and always expandable storage volume, simultaneously with rapid data access

A robust hardware algorithm for real-time object tracking in video sequences

Abstract Most of the emerging content-based multimedia technologies are based on efficient methods to solve machine early vision tasks. Among other tasks, object segmentation is perhaps the most important problem in single image processing. The solution of this problem is the key technology of the development of the majority of leading-edge interactive video communication technology and telepresence systems. The aim of this paper is to present a robust framework for real-time object segmentation and tracking in video sequences taken simultaneously from different perspectives. The other contribution of the paper is to present a new dedicated parallel hardware architecture. It is composed of a mixture of Digital Signal Processing and Field Programmable Gate Array technologies and uses the Content Addressable Memory as a main processing unit. Experimental results indicate that small amount of hardware can deliver real-time performance and high accuracy. This is an improvement over previous systems, where execution time of the second-order using a greater amount of hardware has been proposed.

SU(3)L⋊(Z3×Z3)SU(3)_{\rm L} \rtimes (\mathbb{Z}_3 \times \mathbb{Z}_3) gauge symmetry and Tri-bimaximal mixing

We study an effective gauge theory whose gauge group is a semidirect product $G = G_c \rtimes \mathit{\Gamma}$ with $G_c$ and $\mathit{\Gamma}$ being a connected Lie group and a finite group, respectively. The semidirect product is defined through a projective homomorphism $\gamma$ (i.e., homomorphism up to the center of $G_c$) from $\mathit{\Gamma}$ into $G_c$. The (linear) representation of $G$ is made from $\gamma$ and a projective representation of $\mathit{\Gamma}$ over $\mathbb{C}$. To be specific, we take $SU(3)_L$ as $G_c$ and $\mathbb{Z}_3 \times \mathbb{Z}_3$ as $\mathit{\Gamma}$. It is noticed that the irreducible projective representations of $\mathit{\Gamma}$ are three-dimensional in spite of its Abelian nature. We give a toy model on the lepton mixing which illustrates the peculiar feature of such gauge symmetry. It is shown that under a particular vacuum alignment the tri-bimaximal mixing matrix is reproduced.Comment: 10 page

Nonstop Lose-Less Data Acquisition and Storing Method for Plasma Motion Images

Plasma diagnostic data analysis often requires the original raw data as they are, in other words, at the same frame rate and resolution of the CCD camera sensor. As a non-interlace VGA camera typically generates over 70 MB/s video stream, usual frame grabber cards apply the lossy compression encoder, such as mpeg-1/-2 or mpeg-4, to drastically lessen the bit rate. In this study, a new approach, which makes it possible to acquire and store such the wideband video stream without any quality reduction, has been successfully achieved. Simultaneously, the real-time video streaming is even possible at the original frame rate. For minimising the exclusive access time in every data storing, it has adopted the directory structure to hold every frame files separately, instead of one long consecutive file. The popular ‘zip’ archive method improves the portability of data files, however, the JPEG-LS image compression is applied inside by replacing its intrinsic deflate/inflate algorithm that has less performances for image data