114 research outputs found
Enhanced individual selection for selecting fast growing fish: the "PROSPER" method, with application on brown trout (Salmo trutta fario)
Growth rate is the main breeding goal of fish breeders, but individual selection has often shown poor responses in fish species. The PROSPER method was developed to overcome possible factors that may contribute to this low success, using (1) a variable base population and high number of breeders (Ne > 100), (2) selection within groups with low non-genetic effects and (3) repeated growth challenges. Using calculations, we show that individual selection within groups, with appropriate management of maternal effects, can be superior to mass selection as soon as the maternal effect ratio exceeds 0.15, when heritability is 0.25. Practically, brown trout were selected on length at the age of one year with the PROSPER method. The genetic gain was evaluated against an unselected control line. After four generations, the mean response per generation in length at one year was 6.2% of the control mean, while the mean correlated response in weight was 21.5% of the control mean per generation. At the 4th generation, selected fish also appeared to be leaner than control fish when compared at the same size, and the response on weight was maximal (≈130% of the control mean) between 386 and 470 days post fertilisation. This high response is promising, however, the key points of the method have to be investigated in more detail
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Presentation of Dogmatis, An Inter and Multidisciplinary Programme for the Assessment of the Impacts of Genetically Modified Fish, and Results About Risk of fortuitous Import on French Market
DOGMATIS is a research project funded by the French Research Agency (ANR, programme ANR-OGM 2007-2010). The transgenic technologies have been applied to fish since more than 20 years now and some strains are at the premarket or market stage in countries outside Europe. In Europe the main risk is a fortuitous import. Any rumour of uncontrolled arrival of GM fish on the European market may have strong impacts on the market chain, the research and innovation system and the trust in public regulation. The aim of DOGMATIS is to anticipate the answers. It associates specialists of fish transgenesis, GMO detection and regulation, fish market chain economy, consumer sociology and contemporary science philosophy and epistemology. To tackle this multifactorial subject, we developed original methodologies including assumptions based on the quantitative and qualitative knowledge from the different experts of DOGMATIS. We propose to present the programme and the results of our investigation concerning an assessments of the risk of fortuitous presence of GM Fish on the French market, which has been done by crossing the data from scientific literature gathered in a data bank and an expert analysis of filtered statistics of international trade, for the two farmed species concerned by transgenesis techniques and imported on the French market, salmon and tilapia.Keywords: Posters, Markets and Trade, Fisheries Economic
Etude du temps de sejour des residus alimentaires dans le tube digestif des vaches laitieres: aspects methodologiques et facteurs de variation
INIST T 75189 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc
The co-creation and networking potential of living labs for sustainable agroecosystems
International audienc
Besoins en acides aminés des poissons : détermination des besoins en acides soufres pour l'entretien et l'accretion protéique
National audienc
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