Организация СРС в рамках модульно-рейтинговой системы

Показан подход к организации самостоятельной работы студентов (СРС) в рамках модульно-рейтинговой системы. Представлена модель организации СРС, анализируется содержание ее элементов. Отмечаются организационно-методические трудности, которые могут возникнуть при ее внедрении

INVESTIGATION OF THE IMPACT OF SULFONATED REFINERY PRODUCTS ON THE PROPERTIES OF WATER-BASED DRILLING FLUIDS

The relevance of the work stems from the need to develop requirements for sulfonated bitumen applied in the composition of water-based drilling fluids to control their quality when entering drilling enterprises. Due to the presence of water-insoluble substances, sulfonated bitumens are considered to be hydrophobic bridging agents of clay rocks, though the proportion of water-soluble substances in their composition is much higher (~70 %). Nowadays the influence of the water-soluble component of sulfonated bitumen on clay rock in terms of inhibition and peptization is unknown. There are also no data on salt resistance and resistance to alkaline earth metals (Ca2+, Mg2+) of sulfonated bitumen. All this can lead to their irrational use. The study of these issues will help formulate requirements and select methods for assessing the quality of sulfonated bitumens, as well as improve the efficiency of their use in drilling fluids. The main aim of the research is to experimentally determine the functional properties of sulfonated bitumen in the composition of water-based drilling fluids. The main objectives of the research are to study the sulfonated bitumen effect on clay rocks and access the sulfonated bitumen resistance to mineralization and divalent cations. Objects: sulfonated bitumen samples of various brands and manufacturing plants. Methods. The technological parameters of clay drilling fluids were determined by standard methods in accordance with SS 33213-2014 (ISO 10414-1:2008); the inhibitory and peptization properties of the research objects in relation to clay rocks were studied by the method of clay swelling when they were in the sample solution (on the Zhigach–Yarov tester) and by means of sedimentary analysis (on the Figurovsky weight scale); salt resistance of sulfonated bitumens was determined by the method of sedimentation while placing sulfonated bitumens in a mineralized environment. Results. The authors have carried out the comparative analysis of six sulfonated bitumen samples to identify the physicochemical effect of this group reagents on clay rocks. By assessing the degree of swelling and particle-size determination of clay while its staying in the drilling fluids of the test samples, two groups of reagents of sulfonated bitumen were found, which are opposite in their functional effect on clay: 1) peptizing agents (deflocculants); 2) clay inhibitors. It was experimentally proved that all sulfonated bitumens contribute to the deterioration of the thixotropic, rheological, and filtration properties of fresh clay systems, while samples with inhibitory properties are more effective viscosity reducers; in a mineralized environment, the presence of divalent cations and sulfonated bitumens are conductive to a decrease in filtration properties, but are ineffective as viscosity reducers, and also, they are conductive to thickening due to their coagulation or solubility decrease. Experiments proved that for determining the functional purpose of high-molecular-weight sulfonated bitumens in the composition of water-based drilling fluids and controlling the quality of the samples, it is necessary to test them according to the following indicators: to determine the size of clay particles in water and in a solution of the test sample in order to identify its inhibitory or peptizing properties; to evaluate the thinning capacity and the effectiveness of reducing the filtration characteristics when adding a reagent to a fresh clay suspension

Вовлечение лиц с ограничесннными возможностями здоровья в занятия адаптивным спортом

Понимание важности положительной роли адаптивного спорта в социализации и физическом развитии людей с ограниченными возможностями здоровья (ОВЗ) требует изучения способов вовлечения их в активные занятия спортом. Цель исследования заключалась в изучении факторов сдерживающих включение людей с ограниченными возможностями в занятия адаптивным спортом и в обосновании новых форм работы с людьми с ОВЗ по их вовлечению в спорт. Всего в исследовании приняли участие 35 специалистов по адаптивной физической культуре, 22 человека с ограниченными возможностями здоровья, 25 спортсменов занимающихся адаптивным спортом. В ходе исследования разработан и внедрен психологический тренинг по вовлечению лиц с ограниченными возможностями здоровья в занятия адаптивным спортом. Обучение проходило в смешанной группе, включающей инструкторов, тренеров, спортсменов и людей с ограниченными возможностями здоровья. В ходе тренинга участники обсуждали психологические трудности, возникающие при включении в занятиях адаптивным спортом и пути их преодоления, делились положительным опытом занятий адаптивным спортом, разрабатывали стратегии преодоления стереотипов существующих относительно лиц с ОВЗ и делились положительным опытом по включению людей ОВЗ в занятия адаптивным спортом. Разработанная программа психологического тренинга может быть рекомендована в качестве средства вовлечения людей с ограниченными возможностями в занятия адаптивным спортом.Understanding the importance of the positive role of adaptive sports in the socialization and physical development of people with disabilities leads to the search for optimal ways of involving them in classes. The purpose of our research was to study the psychological difficulties associated with adaptive sports, and on the basis of the data obtained, to develop a program of psychological training aimed at involving people with disabilities in adaptive sports. In total, the study involved 35 specialists in adaptive physical education, 22 people with disabilities, and 25 sportsmen engaged in adaptive sports. A survey of three groups of respondents revealed that personal factors. The second stage was focused on the development and implementation of a psychological training to involve people with disabilities into adaptive sports. The training took place in a mixed group, there were instructors, coaches athletes and non-athletes with disabilities. In the course of communication, the difficulties encountered in the exercise of adaptive sports, the positive perspectives for participation in sports, as well as the sharing of experience in integrating people into adaptive sports were discussed. Psychological training can be recommended as a means of involving people with disabilities into adaptive sports.Comprender la importancia del papel positivo de los deportes adaptativos en la socialización y el desarrollo físico de las personas con discapacidad conduce a la búsqueda de formas óptimas de involucrarlos en las clases. El objetivo de nuestra investigación fue estudiar las dificultades psicológicas asociadas con los deportes adaptativos y, sobre la base de los datos obtenidos, desarrollar un programa de entrenamiento psicológico destinado a involucrar a las personas con discapacidad en los deportes adaptativos. En total, el estudio incluyó a 35 especialistas en educación física adaptativa, 22 personas con discapacidades y 25 deportistas dedicados a deportes adaptativos. Una encuesta de tres grupos de encuestados reveló que los factores personales. La segunda etapa se centró en el desarrollo e implementación de un entrenamiento psicológico para involucrar a las personas con discapacidad en deportes adaptativos. El entrenamiento se realizó en un grupo mixto, había instructores, entrenadores atletas y no atletas con discapacidades. En el curso de la comunicación, se discutieron las dificultades encontradas en el ejercicio de los deportes adaptativos, las perspectivas positivas para la participación en los deportes, así como el intercambio de experiencias para integrar a las personas en los deportes adaptativos. El entrenamiento psicológico se puede recomendar como un medio para involucrar a las personas con discapacidad en deportes adaptativos

Urban green spaces as a factor in the sustainable development of megacities

This article examines the management of urban green spaces as a key factor in the sustainable development of megacities, with a special emphasis on the experience of Krasnoyarsk, a city with a population of over one million facing complex climatic and landscape conditions. It analyzes factors influencing the city’s greening strategy and explores parks, squares, and floral compositions as elements of the urban environment. Suggestions for optimizing greening in Krasnoyarsk are put forward, highlighting its crucial role in the city’s sustainable development

Modern approaches to conduct the in-process control at high-risk mining enterprises

The low level of the in-process control at mining enterprises is one of the main reasons for the high accident rate, injuries and occupational illness. The article discusses modern approaches to conduct the in-process control at high-risk mining enterprises, which allow reflecting an objective assessment and analysis of the factory world; offer optimal solutions to emerging problems; determine the current level of factory management and reduce the level of accidents and injuries

Study of the environmental impact of the process of recycling fibrous waste

The paper considers the formation of composites based on mixtures of powders of highly dispersed polyethylene, polystyrene, natural silk and wool, cellulose, which have good physical and mechanical properties and are suitable for using materials with desired properties. The paper also provides information about composites, the principles of creating polymer composite materials. The main technological methods for obtaining composite materials and methods for molding products based on them are given. It contains data on the features of the structure and properties of the obtained polymer composites: particulate-filled, fiberreinforced, polymer mixtures. The study's findings also show that the creation of new technological procedures will enable the optimization of waste's resource potential, the reduction of waste sent for disposal to lessen waste's detrimental effects on the environment, and the expansion of the range of materials available for use in household, technical, and special applications. The parameters of the greatest technologies currently in use are suggested, together with technological, technical, and administrative solutions for waste processing

Quality Control of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Colonies by Computational Image Analysis Using Convolutional Neural Networks

Human pluripotent stem cells are promising for a wide range of research and therapeutic purposes. Their maintenance in culture requires the deep control of their pluripotent and clonal status. A non-invasive method for such control involves day-to-day observation of the morphological changes, along with imaging colonies, with the subsequent automatic assessment of colony phenotype using image analysis by machine learning methods. We developed a classifier using a convolutional neural network and applied it to discriminate between images of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) colonies with “good” and “bad” morphological phenotypes associated with a high and low potential for pluripotency and clonality maintenance, respectively. The training dataset included the phase-contrast images of hESC line H9, in which the morphological phenotype of each colony was assessed through visual analysis. The classifier showed a high level of accuracy (89%) in phenotype prediction. By training the classifier on cropped images of various sizes, we showed that the spatial scale of ~144 μm was the most informative in terms of classification quality, which was an intermediate size between the characteristic diameters of a single cell (~15 μm) and the entire colony (~540 μm). We additionally performed a proteomic analysis of several H9 cell samples used in the computational analysis and showed that cells of different phenotypes differentiated at the molecular level. Our results indicated that the proposed approach could be used as an effective method of non-invasive automated analysis to identify undesirable developmental anomalies during the propagation of pluripotent stem cells

Quality Control of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Colonies by Computational Image Analysis Using Convolutional Neural Networks

Human pluripotent stem cells are promising for a wide range of research and therapeutic purposes. Their maintenance in culture requires the deep control of their pluripotent and clonal status. A non-invasive method for such control involves day-to-day observation of the morphological changes, along with imaging colonies, with the subsequent automatic assessment of colony phenotype using image analysis by machine learning methods. We developed a classifier using a convolutional neural network and applied it to discriminate between images of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) colonies with “good” and “bad” morphological phenotypes associated with a high and low potential for pluripotency and clonality maintenance, respectively. The training dataset included the phase-contrast images of hESC line H9, in which the morphological phenotype of each colony was assessed through visual analysis. The classifier showed a high level of accuracy (89%) in phenotype prediction. By training the classifier on cropped images of various sizes, we showed that the spatial scale of ~144 μm was the most informative in terms of classification quality, which was an intermediate size between the characteristic diameters of a single cell (~15 μm) and the entire colony (~540 μm). We additionally performed a proteomic analysis of several H9 cell samples used in the computational analysis and showed that cells of different phenotypes differentiated at the molecular level. Our results indicated that the proposed approach could be used as an effective method of non-invasive automated analysis to identify undesirable developmental anomalies during the propagation of pluripotent stem cells

Ecological basis for selecting ornamental perennials for urban landscaping

Creating flower beds of perennials in unprotected urban areas should be carried out on the basis of three fundamental criteria: ecology, aesthetics, economy. At the same time, the selection of the plant assortment involves consideration of two groups of factors: biological and anthropogenic. Based on these principles and as a result of a long introductory research in the RBS of the Russian Academy of Sciences, an assortment of promising ornamental perennials (143 species) for urban gardening was developed