1,624 research outputs found
The Wifeâs Administration of the Earningsâ? Working-Class Women and Savings in the Mid-Nineteenth Century
King and Tomkins (2002) in their study of the âeconomy of makeshiftsâ1 of the poor in Britain in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries identify a network of different âsources and benefitsâ from which âpoor households cobbled together incomesâ.2 Poor people, they argue, used complementary resources which included wages, self-help and family support, as well as charity and parish benefits and research has not yet adequately explored the strategies by which these resources were combined. More needs to be known, they argue, about the effects on these strategies of a variety of factors, which include different gender roles, and more use needs to be made of a wide variety of sources whose âfull potential has yet to be exploredâ,3 such as parish minutes, begging letters, wage accounts, and the records of pawnbrokers. The paper examines the role played in the makeshift economy by workingclass womenâs use of the savings banks that were founded in Britain as resources for the poor at the beginning of the nineteenth century. It begins with a brief survey of the history of savings banks and of their relationship with working-class and women savers, and an overview of previous studies of UK savings banks, before outlining the results of surveys of two Yorkshire banks: the Sheffield and Hallamshire Savings bank and the Huddersfield Penny Savings Bank
There is no such thing as an audit society
[First Paragraph] Any discussion of Powerâs Audit Society paper of 1994 has to start by acknowledging that it has enjoyed an extraordinary degree of success for an academic paper, let alone for an academic paper about audit. His terms audit society and audit explosion have gained very wide currency within the social sciences and on the wider stages of quality journalism and serious-minded websites. Some of this is, admittedly, due to Powerâs own copious output on the topic (Power, 1994a,1994b, 1997, 2000a, 2000b, 2000c, 2000d, 2002, 2003a, 2003b, 2005a, 2005b), some to exegeses of it (see for instance Bowerman et al 2000, Humphrey and Owen 2000 and Courville, Parker, and Watchirs 2003)) but a great deal to admirers from all sorts of disciplines
âWe do not share the troubles of our trans-Atlantic cousins" : The statutory framework for accounting in the UK and the US in the interwar period
âAmerican experience has proved, we think, that the greater the degree of control exercised by governmental authorities over corporate accounting, the greater is the number of difficulties which inevitably crop up; for this reason it seems to us that the task of the American accountant must today be much harder than that of his British brotherâ (The Accountant, 21 May 1938 p. 690). âThe US financial reporting model places far more emphasis on extensive rules and regulations. This focus on detailed rules can encourage compliance with the letter of the law rather than the spiritâ Submission to the Treasury Committeeâs Inquiry into the Financial Regulation of Public Limited Companies by the ICAEW 10 April 20
Celebrity worship and incidence of elective cosmetic surgery: evidence of a link among young adults.
Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to explore among young adults whether celebrity worship
predicted the incidence of elective cosmetic surgery within the period of 8 months after controlling for
several known predictors of elective cosmetic surgery.
Methods: A total of 137 young adults completed questionnaire measures of attitudes toward a celebrity
whose body image they admired, previous and vicarious experience of elective cosmetic surgery, attitudes
toward cosmetic surgery, and a range of psychological and demographic measures at time 1. Participants
were then asked to report whether they had undergone elective cosmetic surgery 8 months later.
Results: After controlling for several known predictors of elective cosmetic surgery, intense-personal celebrity
worship of a celebrity whose body shape was admired by the participant predicted the incidence of
elective cosmetic surgery within an 8-month period.
Conclusions: The current findings suggest that the type of para-social relationship that young adults form
with celebrities, particularly with those whose body shape is admired, may need to be considered by those
when speaking to, and educating, young people about their choices around elective cosmetic surgery
ROLE OF DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS IN THE NEURAL CIRCUITRY UNDERLYING SEASONAL REPRODUCTION IN THE SHEEP
Seasonal reproduction in sheep is determined by changes in the responsiveness of GnRH neurons to the negative feedback action of estradiol, mediated by dopaminergic afferents and dopamine D2 receptors (D2R). It is not known whether this influence acts directly onto GnRH neurons or indirectly via interneurons such as KNDy cells. In anestrous ewes, immunocytochemistry revealed D2R expression in ~50% of GnRH neurons independent of region. In contrast, using dynorphin as a marker, D2R colocalized \u3e80% of KNDy cells and \u3c10% of dynorphin cells of the POA. No seasonal variation was found in D2R expression in GnRH cells; however colocalization significantly increased in KNDY cells ÂĄh anestrous vs. breeding season. Immunochemistry found that kisspeptin fibres contact GnRH neurons synaptically. Results suggest that seasonal changes in this circuit are mediated by dopaminergic afferents contacting D2R-containing KNDy neurons, which in turn decreases expression of the stimulatory neuropeptide kisspeptin, inhibiting GnRH in seasonal anestrous
Capability in the digital: institutional media management and its dis/contents
This paper explores how social media spaces are occupied, utilized and negotiated by the British Military in relation to the Ministry of Defenceâs concerns and conceptualizations of risk. It draws on data from the DUN Project to investigate the content and form of social media about defence through the lens of âcapabilityâ, a term that captures and describes the meaning behind multiple representations of the military institution. But âcapabilityâ is also a term that we hijack and extend here, not only in relation to the dominant presence of âcapabilityâ as a representational trope and the extent to which it is revealing of a particular management of social media spaces, but also in relation to what our research reveals for the wider digital media landscape and âcapableâ digital methods. What emerges from our analysis is the existence of powerful, successful and critically long-standing media and reputation management strategies occurring within the techno-economic online structures where the exercising of âcontrolâ over the individual â as opposed to the technology â is highly effective. These findings raise critical questions regarding the extent to which âcontrolâ and management of social media â both within and beyond the defence sector â may be determined as much by cultural, social, institutional and political influence and infrastructure as the technological economies. At a key moment in social media analysis, then, when attention is turning to the affordances, criticisms and possibilities of data, our research is a pertinent reminder that we should not forget the active management of content that is being similarly, if not equally, effective
Religion and health : the application of a cognitive-behavioural framework
The empirical examination of the relationship between religion and health has often lacked theoretical direction. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between dimensions of religiosity and health within the context of James and Wellsâ cognitive-behavioural framework of religion. A community sample of 177 UK adults completed measures of religious orientation, religious coping, and prayer activity alongside the SF-36 Health Survey. Consistent with the cognitive-behavioural framework of religion, intrinsic religiosity and meditative prayer scores accounted for unique variance in both physical and mental health scores over a number of religious measures. These findings suggest the potential usefulness and importance of a cognitive-behavioural framework to understand the relationship between religion (as measured by meditative prayer and intrinsic religiosity) and health
Interaction between a fast rotating sunspot and ephemeral regions as the origin of the major solar event on 2006 December 13
The major solar event on 2006 December 13 is characterized by the
approximately simultaneous occurrence of a heap of hot ejecta, a great
two-ribbon flare and an extended Earth-directed coronal mass ejection. We
examine the magnetic field and sunspot evolution in active region NOAA AR
10930, the source region of the event, while it transited the solar disk centre
from Dec. 10 to Dec. 13. We find that the obvious changes in the active region
associated with the event are the development of magnetic shear, the appearance
of ephemeral regions and fast rotation of a smaller sunspot. Around the area of
the magnetic neutral line of the active region, interaction between the fast
rotating sunspot and the ephemeral regions triggers continual brightening and
finally the major flare. It is indicative that only after the sunspot rotates
up to 200 does the major event take place. The sunspot rotates at
least 240 about its centre, the largest sunspot rotation angle which
has been reported.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures, ApJ Letters inpres
Erythrocytes in multiple sclerosis: forgotten contributors to the pathophysiology?
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease characterised by lymphocytic infiltration of the central nervous system and subsequent destruction of myelin and axons. On the background of a genetic predisposition to autoimmunity, environmental triggers are assumed to initiate the disease. The majority of MS research has focused on the pathological involvement of lymphocytes and other immune cells, yet a paucity of attention has been given to erythrocytes, which may play an important role in MS pathology. The following review briefly summarises how erythrocytes may contribute to MS pathology through impaired antioxidant capacity and altered haemorheological features. The effect of disease-modifying therapies on erythrocytes is also reviewed. It may be important to further investigate erythrocytes in MS, as this could broaden the understanding of the pathological mechanisms of the disease, as well as potentially lead to the discovery of novel and innovative targets for future therapies
Congress could soon spell the end of employment arbitrationâbut itâs not all good news for American workers.
Employment arbitration has become a dirty word on Capitol Hill. Congressman Hank Johnson claims that arbitration allows employers to stack the deck against the little guy for the 60 million employees bound by arbitration agreements. The Economic Policy Institute calls it an epidemic that is undermining decades of progress in labor rights
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