Customer Experience Management

Dieser Beitrag leistet einen Beitrag zur Marketingforschung, da er den jungen aber von zunehmender Relevanz geprägten Forschungsstrang zum Themenkomplex CEM grundlegend entwickelt. Zum einen zeigt das identifizierte Rahmenkonzept auf, dass CEM über einzelne unternehmerische Fähigkeiten wie dem Design von Serviceerlebnissen, das die bisherige CEM-Forschung bestimmt hat, hinausgeht. Zum anderen leistet das Konzept einen Beitrag zur Synthese fragmentierter, aber miteinander zusammenhängender Literaturströmungen in der Marketingforschung ..

Inorganic supported polymeric catalysts

Acidic polystyrene based resins are not very suitable for use in reactive distillation column as well as for temperatures greater than 393 K. To overcome these problems porous silica has been coated with divinylbenzene (DVB) or styrene-DVB and polymerized using azoisobutyronitrile as initiator. Sulfonation of the polymer was carried out by using chlorosulfonic acid. Thus acidic polymeric material of exchange capacity of up to 0.41 meq/g has been obtained, in convenient size of 2-5 mm which can be directly used in reactive distillation column as demonstrated for methylal preparation in this paper and which is also suitable for use up to 433 K, verified by successfully carrying out reaction of phthalic anhydride with 2-ethyl-hexanol. Reusability of this catalyst was also tested by performing the reaction of iso-propyl alcohol with acetic acid

Purification of α-glucosidae and invertase from bakers' yeast on modified polymeric supports

In the present work Amberlite<SUP>&#174;</SUP> XAD-16 and Indion<SUP>&#174;</SUP>; NPA-1, Polystyrene Divinylbenzene macroreticular spherical resins, have been evaluated quantitatively as supports for the adsorption and isolation of the yeast proteins and the enzymes, invertase and &#945;-glucosidase. Modification of these supports has been carried out by surface grafting using acrylate polymers to reduce the hydrophobicity and nonspecific adsorption of proteins. Good grafting efficiency, in excess of 90%, has been obtained using ultrasonic irradiation for the surface activation of polystyrene resins. XAD-16 has higher adsorption capacities for the total yeast proteins as well as for both the enzymes, &#945;-glucosidase and invertase, than NPA-1 in its respective native and grafted form. Adsorption capacities of XAD-16 and NPA-1 in their respectivenative and grafted forms for &#945;-glucosidase are higher than the capacities for invertase. Nonspecific adsorption of total proteins has been reduced considerably after the grafting of acrylate polymers on hydrophobic supports. At the same time selectivity for the adsorption of both the enzymes has been enhanced on grafted supports. The overall solid-liquid adsorption mass transfer coefficient values (K<SUB>la</SUB>) estimated for adsorption of invertase on XAD are lower than those for &#945;-glucosidase. Native and grafted resins could be regenerated and reused for adsorption of &#945;-glucosidase for two regeneration cycles studied. Storage stability of invertase and &#945;-glucosidase is the same on native and grafted form of XAD-16 and is more than the enzymes in the free form

Asialoglycoprotein receptor targeted delivery of doxorubicin nanoparticles for hepatocellular carcinoma

<p>We report asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR)-targeted doxorubicin hydrochloride (Dox) nanoparticles (NPs) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Polyethylene sebacate (PES)-Gantrez® AN 119 Dox NPs of average size 220 nm with PDI < 0.62 and ∼20% Dox loading were prepared by modified nanoprecipitation. ASGPR ligands, pullulan (Pul), arabinogalactan (AGn), and the combination (Pul-AGn), were anchored by adsorption. Ligand anchoring enabled high liver uptake with a remarkable hepatocyte:nonparenchymal cell ratio of 85:15. Furthermore, Pul-AGn NPs exhibited an additive effect implying incredibly high hepatocyte accumulation. Galactose-mediated competitive inhibition confirmed ASGPR-mediated uptake of ligand-anchored NPs in HepG2 cell lines. Subacute toxicity in rats confirmed the safety of the NP groups. However, histopathological evaluation suggested mild renal toxicity of AGn. Pul NPs revealed sustained reduction in tumor volume in PLC/PRF/5 liver tumor-bearing Nod/Scid mice up to 46 days. Extensive tumor necrosis, reduced collagen content, reduction in the HCC biomarker serum α-fetoprotein (<i>p</i> < 0.05), a mitotic index of 1.135 (day 46), and tumor treated/tumor control (T/C) values of <0.42 signified superior efficacy of Pul NPs. Furthermore, weight gain in the NP groups, and no histopathological alterations indicated that they were well tolerated by the mice. The high efficacy coupled with greater safety portrayed Pul Dox NPs as a promising nanocarrier for improved therapy of HCC.</p

Potential energy surfaces fitted by artificial neural networks

Molecular mechanics is the tool of choice for the modeling of systems that are so large or complex that it is impractical or impossible to model them by ab initio methods. For this reason (here is a need for accurate potentials that are able to quickly reproduce ab initio quality results at the fraction of the cost. The interactions within force fields are represented by a number Of functions. Some interactions are well understood and can be represented by simple mathematical functions while others are not SO Well understood and their functional form is represented in a simplistic manner or not even known. In the last 20),cars there have been the first examples of a new design ethic, where novel and contemporary methods using I, machine learning, in particular, artificial neural networks, have been used to find the nature of the Underlying Functions of a force field. Here we appraise what has been achieved over this time and what requires further improvements, while offering some insight and guidance for the development Of future force fields