PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF COMMIPHORA MUKUL GUM RESIN ON BRAIN IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

Objective: The present study was undertaken to investigate the hypolipidemic activity of ethanolic extract of Commiphora mukul gum resin (EtCMGR) on the brain of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic Wistar rats.Methods: Thirty two rats, included for the study, were divided into four groups: control (C), control treated with EtCMGR (C+CM), diabetic (D) and diabetic treated with EtCMGR (D+CM). Diabetes was induced by single intraperitonial injection of STZ (55 mg/kg b.w.).Results: Diabetic rats showed significant reduction in the levels of total lipids, phospholipids, cholesterol, glycolipids and protein level and significant decrease in the activity of acetylcholinesterase while the levels of triglycerides, acetylcholine and the activities of glutamate pyruvate transaminases (GPT) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminases (GOT) increased significantly when compared to control group. Oral administration of EtCMGR (suspended in 5% Tween-80 in distilled water prior to use) daily at a concentration of 200 mg/kg b.w. to group-D+CM rats for 60 days reversed the above changes significantly.Conclusion: These results suggest that EtCMGR exhibits hypolipidemic effect in the STZ-induced diabetic rats.Â

Studies on Nodulation, Biochemical Analysis and Protein Profiles of Rhizobium Isolated From Indigofera species

Nodulation characteristics in five species of Indigofera viz., I .trita, I. linnaei, I. astragalina, I. parviflora and I. viscosa was studied at regular intervals on the plants raised in garden soil. Among the species studied, highest average number of nodules per plant of 23 with maximum sized nodules of 8.0 mm diameter was observed in I. astragalina. Biochemical analysis of root nodules of I. astragalina revealed that the leghaemoglobin content of nodules and nitrogen content of root, shoot, leaves and nodules were gradually increased up to 60 DAS, and then decreased with increase in age. Rhizobium isolates of five species of Indigofera were isolated and screened for enzymatic activities and total cellular protein profiles. All the five isolates showed nitrate reductase, citrase, tryptophanase and catalase activity while much variation was observed for enzymes like gelatinase, urease, caseinase, lipase, amylase, lysine decarboxylase and protease activities. Among the isolates studied, only the isolate from I. viscosa has the ability to solubilize the insoluble tricalcium phosphate. All the Rhizobium isolates exhibit similarity in protein content, except the isolate from I. viscosa which showed one additional protein band

ASSESSMENT OF IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL AND QUANTIFICATION OF TOTAL PHENOLS AND FLAVONOIDS OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF PHYLLANTHUS AMARUS

Objective: The modern research is directed towards finding naturally occurring antioxidants of plant origin. To search for new sources of safe and inexpensive antioxidants, present study was undertaken to quantify total phenols and flavonoids and, evaluation and correlation of antioxidant potential of aqueous extract of Phyllanthus amarus Schum & Thonn, (PAAEt) belongs to Euphorbiace family under in vitro condition.Methods: Determination of total phenolic and flavonoid contents was performed by UV-visible spectrophotometer. The antioxidant potential of P. amarus was tested with different antioxidant test systems; inhibition of lipid peroxidation (LPO), scavenging of 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl, superoxide and nitric oxide radicals with reducing power. Results: The plant extract has appreciable amounts of total phenolic compounds (120±2.0 mg GA eq. g-1) and flavonoids (3.02±0.13 mg Q eq. g-1) of the extract. PAAEt exhibited effective and strong antioxidant activity in dose-dependent manners in inhibiting LPO (IC50 623.4 μg/ml) and scavenging of free radicals such as DPPH (IC50 200.2 μg/ml), hydroxyl (IC50 280.6 μg/ml), superoxide (IC50 201.5 μg/ml), nitric oxide (IC50 408.5 μg/ml) with reducing power (IC50 500.0 μg/ml). PAAEt showed effective and strong positive correlation with reducing power (r2= 0.972) and LPO inhibition (r2= 0.964) and free-radicals (P<0.05).Conclusion: Presence of high amount of phenolic and flavonoid compounds and appreciable amounts of IC50 for various free radicals and inhibition of LPO and reducing power with significant strong positive correlation for scavenging of free radicals, LPO inhibition and reducing power indicated that PAAEt has strong antioxidant potential.Â

Studies on interaction of nematode, Pratylenchus delattrei and fungal pathogen, Fusarium incarnatum associated with crossandra wilt in Tamil Nadu, India

ABSTRACT Investigations were under taken in pot culture experiment to assess a possible interaction between fungal pathogen of crossandra, Fusarium incarnatum and lesion nematode Pratylenchus delattrei, at various population density combinations, time of inoculation and their effect on plant growth and wilt incidence of crossandra. Among varies pathogen and nematode population densities tested, the inoculation of pathogen load @3% w/v and nematode @ 1/g soil resulted in maximum reduction of plant growth parameters viz., shoot length (49.8%), shoot dry weight (52.6%), root length (47.0%), root dry weight (47.4%), and flower yield (82.6%). More over maximum root lesion index of 3.9/1-5 scale, wilt disease incidence of (50%) and nematode population up to 365 per 200 cc soil, were also recorded. Other experimental results revealed that the treatment involving inoculation of nematode prior to fungal pathogen recorded more disease incidence (58.3%), nematode (381/200cc) and pathogen (12.1×10 3 ), populations and there was significant reduction in root length, root weight, shoot height and shoot weight when compared with inoculation of pathogen and nematode simultaneously or inoculation of pathogen prior to nematode

Study protocol for comparing Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) to referral as usual for depression in African American churches

Background Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide. African American adults, compared to White adults, are half as likely to be screened for depression in primary care settings. Disparities in depression screening contribute to poor clinical outcomes, as African Americans with depression are more disabled and sicker longer compared to Whites. African American churches are trusted settings that provide access to supports for depression. Indeed, in the first study of its kind, the investigators found that 20% of adults in African American churches screened positive for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). However, no subjects with a positive screen (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) accepted a treatment referral when offered by research personnel. Community Health Workers, who are trusted paraprofessionals from the target community, may bridge the gap between depression screening and treatment. The investigators have trained and certified 112 Community Health Workers from 45 African American churches in New York City to deliver an evidence-based intervention called Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT). Thus, the aim of the current study is to test the impact of Community Health Worker-delivered depression screening in Black churches on engagement with clinical services. Methods Using a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation design, we propose a 2-arm, mixed-methods cluster randomized controlled trial. Church study sites will be randomized to either SBIRT (intervention arm) or referral as usual (usual care arm). This trial will be conducted with 600 church members across 30 churches (300 intervention; 300 usual care). Our primary outcome is treatment engagement, defined as attending a depression-related clinical visit. Secondary outcomes will be changes in Mental Health-Related Quality of Life and depressive symptoms at 3 and 6 months post-screening. Lastly, we will conduct a concurrent, mixed-methods (qualitative-quantitative) process evaluation to assess contextual facilitators and barriers of screening and referral. Discussion This is the first randomized trial of a church-placed, community health worker-delivered intervention for depression in African American populations. This study may provide a novel and effective approach to increasing depression identification and treatment linkage in economically disadvantaged populations with high depression rates. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04524767 . Registered on 21 August 2020

The Impact of Age and Experience on the Level of Satisfaction and Motivation among Library Professionals

In today’s environment, organizations thrive and survive on human resources. Values, attitude, perception and behavior of professionals, which form this resource, influence their performance. Therefore, it has become important to realize organizational and individual goals, which in turn depend on self-motivation and self-satisfaction. Satisfaction expresses the level of agreement between the expectation of a worker from his job and the reward that the job provides. Different demographic traits such as age, education, position, years in service and hours worked per week have significant impact on job satisfaction. The study aims to measure the level of satisfaction among professionals and the impact of different parameters on the job satisfaction of professionals. The different parameters used are general working conditions, pay and promotion potential, superior-subordinate relationships and skills and abilitie

Isolation and In vitro Studies of Native Isolates of Bacillus subtilison Maize Stalk Rot Incited by Fusarium verticillioides

Fusarium wilt of maize is a widely distributed and the most destructive disease caused by Fusarium verticillioides. The main objective of this experiment is to identify the effective Bacillus isolates against Fusarium verticillioides under in vitro condition. A total of 10 Bacillus spp. isolates were isolated from rhizhosphere region of maize plants in different locations of Telangana state and tested for antagonistic activity at department of plant pathology, Maize Research Centre, Agricultural Research Institute, Rajendranagar. All the isolates of Bacillus spp. were used for determining theirbio efficacy against Fusarium verticillioides. All the isolates not shown similar bio efficacy and differerd in their antagonistic activity against F. verticillioides mycelial growth. Among them the isolates B-ISO-3 and B-ISO-2 were found to record significantly higher percent reduction of mycelial growth 63.3 and 62.8 % respectively, followed by B-ISO-9 which recorded 61.3%t reduction of mycelial growth over control. The lowest percent reduction of mycelial growth was recorded with the isolate B-IS0-8 (34.2 %) over control

Impact of Organizational Culture on Employee Involvement in LIS Professionals

This study defines and measures how involvement is affected by organizational culture and our objective of this study is to examine and measure them. The study is expected to enable their effective role of organizational culture and help the professionals to implement the culture and help to increase theefficiency of involvement and productivity. After analysis of wide literature, we have come to know that both variables are positively correlated with each other and organizational culture and employee involvement has strong relationship. Cultures that are agreed upon by the employees working in the sameorganizations showed that the level of involvement increase and helps the academic grow effectively. Their relationship can be further explored through more deep research