Aperiodic Schrodinger Crystals

In 1945, E. Schrödinger predicted the possibility of the existence of "aperiodic crystals,"that is, more and more increasing crystalline aggregates, but without a simple lattice repetition mechanism. In the present work, such structures are experimentally prepared using selenium as an example. By thermal gradient treatment of the amorphous selenium film, we have obtained nano-thin spatial dissipative structures (SDS) of hexagonal selenium, the lattice of which undergoes non-uniform rotational curvature around, in the general case, three mutually perpendicular directions. The formation of these nano-thin SDS of hexagonal selenium occurs as a result of cooperative rotations of selenium macromolecules around, in general, three mutually perpendicular directions. Since nano-thin SDS after hardening in air have all the features of crystals each of the above nano-thin SDS of hexagonal selenium obtained at different annealing temperatures corresponds to the concept of "aperiodic crystals"Thus, "aperiodic crystals"were obtained experimentally, the possibility of the existence of which was predicted by E. Schrödinger. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Study of Physical Properties and Physical Processes in Nano-thin Spatial Dissipative Structures

Two-dimensional geometric object "neutral surface"- successfully used to study thin plates. The use of this two-dimensional geometric object is not possible for the study of physical properties and physical processes in nano-thin SDS (spatial dissipative structures). The SDS lattice undergoes a rotational curvature around three mutually perpendicular directions, and the nano-thin SDS itself remains flat. We have developed a method for the study of nano-thin SDS with rotary lattice curvature. We used as a basis the method of visualizing the rotational curvature of the lattice by constructing a two-dimensional geometric object - the surface of the lattice curvature by nano-thin SDS. This method of investigation involves application of the lattice curvature surface with nano-thin SDS for the selected crystallographic direction as a "neutral surface". The method will find application in nanotechnology. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Nanofine spatial dissipative structures with azimutal lattice curvation

The nanofine spatial dissipative structures (NSDS) were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. The NSDS obtained by thermogradiently processing an amorphous selenium film by unilateral heating of its lower surface at T = 413 K preliminarily. The results indicate that the NSDS of hexagonal selenium obtained in an amorphous film possess an azimuthal curvature of the lattice and a nonlinear fan-shaped system of flexural contours on their electron microscopic image. The lattice of the above NSDS undergoes elastic - plastic rotational curvature around three mutually perpendicular directions. The lattice rotation angles of hexagonal selenium NSDS reach: around [001], - 25 , around the direction perpendicular [001] and lying in the plane of the amorphous film - 32 , around the direction perpendicular to the first two ones and not lying in the plane of the amorphous film - azimuthal curvature of the lattice, - 35 . Thus, as a result of electron-microscopic and microdiffraction studies, it was found that NSDS of hexagonal selenium with azimuthal curvature of the lattice, causing the curvature of its habitus, are in a nonequilibrium state. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Phenomenon of relaxation of inhomogeneous elastic rotational curvature of the lattice of nanofine spatial dissipative structures of hexagonal selenium

Nanofine rhomboid spatial dissipative structures (NRSDS) of hexagonal selenium were found and studied by means of transmission electron microscopy in amorphous Se films coated with nanofine layers of amorphous carbon, at a temperature of their thermo gradient treatment of 423 K. As a result, pictures were received of fan-shaped linear bending extinction contours on the electron-microscopic images of NRSDS. It was shown that in the above NRSDS take place continuous linear increase in the bend radius of the lattice along [001], due to continuous linear relaxation of the inhomogeneous elastic torsion of the lattice around [001]. The continuous linear relaxation of the elastic rotational curvature of the lattice around [001] in NRSDS of hexagonal selenium with inhomogeneous elastic rotational curvature of the lattice covers the entire nanofine rhomboid spatial dissipative structures, and not its part, as is the case with the formation of interblock boundaries in the nanofine rhomboid spatial dissipative structures. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Right to own cultural capital: de jure — de facto

В статье рассматриваются актуальные проблемы реализации права россиян на использование культурного капитала социума. Предложен авторский подход к осмыслению сущности духовного капитала, закрытого и открытого культурного капитала.The article discusses the current problem of the right of Russians to use the cultural capital of society. The author's approach to understand the essence of the spiritual capital of opened and closed cultural capital