Shifting Patterns in Developmental Rank Ordering: A Case Study of the Districts of Sind Province

The primary objective of this paper is to observe the changing patterns in regional development and to highlight some of the major underlying phenomena. C).1t examination of changes in rank ordering over a short period of time reveals that only moderately developed districts have altered their position in either upward or downward direction. Larkana district moved from sixth to fourth rank, while Tharparkar district regressed considerably from fourth to eighth rank. The exercise will facilitate policy-makers in allocating development resources in districts where the deficiencies are evidently serious. It will also be helpful in locating research areas to determine partkular bottlenecks to development in districts which shifted downward in rank ordering

The Shadow Pandemic: Violence against Women in Pakistan during COVID-19 Lockdown

The present study documents the vital outcome of COVID-19 lockdown on the lifespan of women in Pakistan. The lockdown has affected the unemployment rate, particularly in the rural region of the country. Passing along the eleven in-depth interviews and one focus group discussion (FGD) conducted in rural parts of the twin cities (Islamabad & Rawalpindi), the survey demonstrated that the ruination of the income level during COVID-19 lockdown has increased partner violence in the country. The information received further revealed that the bread earners of the families are enduring greater levels of stress and anxiety eventually resulting in a substantial growth in intimate partner violence (IPV)

Towards Identifying Performance Anomalies

AbstractLarge-scale-software systems (LSSs) are composed of hundreds of subsystems that interact with each other in an unforeseen and complex ways. The operators of these LSSs strictly monitor thousands of metrics (performance counters) to quickly identify performance anomalies before a catastrophe. The existing monitoring tools and methodologies have not kept in pace with the rapid growth and inherit complexity of these LSSs; hence are ineffective in assisting practitioners to effectively pinpoint performance anomalies. We propose a methodology that uses entropy analysis to assist practitioners/operators of LSSs in quickly detecting underlying anomalies in the system. Our performance tests conducted on an open source benchmark system reveal that the proposed methodology is robust in pinpointing anomalies, do not require any domain knowledge to operate, and avoid information overload on practitioners

Impact of education on poverty reduction

Poverty is a stumbling block in the way of achieving economic development. Cognizant of the essence of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and ‘Education for All’ program, education is promulgated as the primary weapon against poverty prevalence. Hence it is important to seek out the effect of different levels of education upon poverty in Pakistan. This study evaluates the effect of different levels of education, experience and gender of the employed individuals (employers, self-employed, wage earners and unpaid family workers) as the determinants of poverty. The data for this task comes from the Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) for the years 1998-99 and 2001-02. A logistic regression model is estimated based on this data, with the probability of an individual being poor as the dependent variable and a set of educational levels, experience and gender as explanatory variables. It is found that experience and educational achievement is negatively related with the poverty incidence in both years. Also as we go for the higher levels of education the chances of a person being non-poor increases. Moreover, being a male person provides an advantage in retaining a position above poverty level.Poverty, Education, Pakistan

What do developers reply to? An empirical study of the top Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) apps

Most modern UAVs/drones have a dependency on using a mobile device as part of the flight systems. The drone manufacturers launch the controlling app for the drones in mobile app stores. There has been a tremendous upsurge in the number of UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) mobile apps on the Google Play Store over the past few years. A UAV/Drone app user expresses the experience with the app by providing comments on the Google Play Store. Whereas, the developers interact with the user by posting replies to users\u27 comments. Feedback in users\u27 comments enables developers of mobile apps to discover issues, such as features requests, bugs to fix, and app maintenance requests, in a timely manner. The value of responding to a user review of drone apps has never been explored. We conducted the largest and most extensive empirical study of UAV mobile apps to-date by analyzing the 1,825 UAV mobile apps across twenty-five categories, with 162,250 reviews (user comments and developers\u27 replies). We categorized the developer replies into seven major categories. We also find that 35% of the developer\u27s replies are associated with providing direct solutions to the drone app user\u27s problems. Whereas, only 1% of the developer replies are related to the app\u27s monetary refund issues

A New Historicist Reading Of Islamization And Islamophobia In Selected Contemporary Pakistani Diasporic Fiction Malik

Literature and power-politics have a strong connection when it comes to literature’s role in promulgating and propagating a certain narrative which serves the interest of power. Past studies on contemporary Pakistani diasporic fictions tend to explore the themes of Islamization and Islamophobia in terms of their relation with power. There is a dearth of research that have investigated intensively the way the narratives of Islamization and Islamophobia were promulgated and propagated on the pretext of discursive formations, i.e., literary and non-literary. The present study unveils this role of discursive formations with reference to the selected contemporary Pakistani diasporic fiction: Muhammad Hanif’s A Case of Exploding Mangoes and Our Lady of Alice Bhatti, Hanif Kureishi’s The Black Album and My Son the Fanatic, Mohsin Hamid’s The Reluctant Fundamentalist, and Kamila Shamsie’s Home Fire. Since the Cold War, the narratives of Islamization and Islamophobia have been influencing the Muslims globally, especially in Pakistan due to its Islamization program during the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. The treatment of Muslim identity by the West in both pre and the post-Cold War eras reveals an interesting shift in the Western approach towards Muslims

Systematic Review of COVID Spillover and Online Education Pedagogy

This paper has touched one of the most critical area affected due to pandemic situation created by the COVID-19 and its powerful spillover effect on education sector by customizing education pedagogy. Earlier researchers have studied online education separately, whereas this paper discussed the natural transition and systematic review of upsurge of e-learning. The objective of this paper is to make the systematic review of COVID spillover and transition towards e-learning education pedagogy through theoretical framework. The study makes systematic review of switchover towards e-learning and spillover effect of COVID-19 and customization of the education pedagogy. In this study, past literature has been utilized to make critical analysis of spillover effect of COVID-19 and impact on education pedagogy by creation of prepositions. The findings of the study reveal that in the exceptional circumstances of COVID-19, e-learning transition has taken place from conventional to e-learning modules. All over the world, countries have shifted towards online education by schooling out but classes in campaign ignited by Chinese government. The same has also been replicated in other countries of the world during COVID-19

Power, IntraTeam Conflicts, Conflict Contagion and its Impact on Performance

The objective of this study is to examine the importance of power, intrateam conflict, conflict contagion and its impact on organizational performance. This study has used past literature to extend work on power, intrateam conflict, conflict contagion and its impact on performance by providing prepositions. The study demonstrates the importance of power and its impact on intrateam conflicts, which form the shape of conflict contagion and ultimately affect performance. Study found that power leads to more conflicts and its process of spreading hastens because of its contagious nature negatively influences the team’s performance. The paper has highlighted the untapped element of power and creates a bridge between power, conflict and its impact on organizational performance. Many researchers have focused separately on power, teamwork and conflict. However, still, there is a need to assess whether individual power interests also takes the form of conflict contagion, which might affect performance of the organization

ANALYSIS OF BORDER GATEWAY PROTOCOL, ITS TYPES AND MEASURES TO AVOID RISK

This is the age of digital communication. The process involves sending messages from one end of the network to other end using the internet, extranets and the Internet of Things (IOT) Technologies. Initially, the internet is a small community. But today internet becomes a global community as thousands of different administrative entities own and operate the internet. The process of transferring data across the network is known as routing. The process of routing is performed by using routers. Routers use certain protocols to achieve this task. The Broader Gateway Protocol (BGP) is an interdomain routing protocol that is used to connect two different autonomous systems. The autonomous system is collection of network that runs under a single administrative entity. This paper includes analysis and important techniques of border gateway protocol, types of BGP, its attributes, security threats and measures to avoid risks