PROTOCOL: The impact of agricultural mechanisation on women's economic empowerment: A mixed-methods systematic review

This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The main objective of the review is to answer the following questions: What is the impact of mechanisation on agriculture? What is the impact of mechanisation on women's economic empowerment? The study will review the impact of mechanisation on labour demand and supply, land and labour productivity, farmers' incomes, health and women's empowerment. All literature will be considered, including nonintervention studies and studies not reporting gender-disaggregated results

PROTOCOL: Interventions promoting resilience through climate-smart agricultural practices for women farmers: A systematic review

This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows: the primary objective of this review is to synthesise evidence of the effectiveness of interventions to promote climate‐smart agriculture to enhance agricultural outcomes and resilience of women farmers in low‐and‐middle‐income countries (research question 1). The secondary objective is to examine evidence along the causal pathway from access to interventions to promote climate‐smart agriculture to empowering women so that they can use climate‐smart technology. And such outcomes include knowledge sharing, agency improvement, resource access and decision‐making (research question 2)

PROTOCOL: The effectiveness of wilderness therapy and adventure learning in reducing anti-social and offending behaviour in children and young people at risk of offending.

Funder: Youth Endowment Fund, United KingdomThis is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows. The review will address the following research questions: (1) What are the long- and short-term effects of wilderness therapy and adventure learning on anti-social behaviour and violent and other offending behaviour? What factors explain any heterogeneity (i.e., moderate) these effects. What are the long- and short-term effects of wilderness therapy and adventure learning on intermediate mental health and behaviour outcomes such as social skills and self-regulation? What factors explain any heterogeneity (i.e., moderate) these effects? Factors such as setting (indoor/outdoor), quality of relationship with counsellors and the degree of the challenge element involved are important moderators of these effects, and help explain any observed heterogeneity across studies (2) What are the barriers and facilitators affecting the successful implementation of wilderness therapy and adventure learning programmes? (3) Are wilderness therapy and adventure learning interventions cost effective

Prevalence of glaucoma in pathological myopia

Purpose: To find association of glaucoma in pathological myopia for their early diagnosis and treatment and to prevent patients from glaucoma associated blindness. Settings and design: Cross sectional study. Materials and methods: 102 high myopic patients coming to the outpatient department at Dhiraj hospital, Waghodia, Piparia, Vadodara had undergone complete ophthalmic evaluation along with detailed ocular and medical history followed by examination. Results: A detailed clinical observation was done on 102 eyes with pathological myopia with an average axial length of 28 mm which showed an overall glaucoma prevalence of 25%. The study population was divided into four different groups which showed an increased prevalence of glaucoma up to 10-20% for the first group with an axial length of 26 mm; 30% for the second group with an axial length of >26 mm; 36% for the third group with an axial length >28 mm; and finally, 40% for the fourth group with an axial length of >29 mm. It becomes very important to rule out the co-existence of myopic maculopathy and glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) in pathological myopia due to increased prevalence of glaucoma.&nbsp

PROTOCOL: Value chain interventions for improving women's economic empowerment: A mixed‐method systematic review

Abstract This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows: The primary objective of this review is to understand as well as evaluate what approaches, strategies or interventions focused on women's engagement in agricultural value chains and markets that have led to women's economic empowerment in low‐and‐middle‐income countries. The secondary objective of this review is to examine in which contexts are these approaches effective (or ineffective)? What are the contextual barriers and facilitators, determining the participation of women in, and benefits from, engagement in the value chain in low‐and middle‐income countries programme effectiveness. Finally, this review aims to refine the theory of change that describes how value chain interventions lead to women's economic empowerment using evidence drawn from both rigorous quantitative impact evaluation studies and qualitative studies