تأثـــير تمرينــات مركبة في بعض المهارات الأساسية لحراس المرمى الشباب بكرة القدم

هدف البحث الى اعداد تمرينات مركبة لتطوير بعض المهارات الأساسية لحراس المرمى الشباب، فضلا عن التعرف على تأثير التمرينات المركبة لتطوير بعض المهارات الأساسية لحراس المرمى الشباب بكرة القدم، واستخدم الباحثان المنهاج التجريبي بتصميم المجموعة الواحدة ذو الاختبار القبلي والبعدي، اختيرت العينة بالطريقة العمدية وهم (4) حراس مرمى فئة الشباب من الاندية المشاركة دوري محافظة صلاح الدين للشباب للموسم (2021-2022)، خضعت الوحدات التدريبية للإشراف المباشر من قبل الباحثين وبمساعدة مدرب الفريق، اذ تضمن المنهاج التدريبي (8 أسابيع) اثناء مرحلة الاعداد الخاص، بواقع (3) وحدات تدريبية في الأسبوع، وبلغت مجموع الوحدات التدريبية الكلي (24) وحدة تدريبية وتم استخدام أسلوب (CrossFit) على شكل محطات وكل محطة (تمرين) لها زمن ثابت ويطلب اكثر عدد ممكن من التكرارات يؤديه حارس المرمى لينتقل الى المحطة (التمرين) التالية دون اخذ فترات راحة وعند الانتهاء من اداء مجموعة التمارين يأخذ حارس المرمى راحة (3) دقيقة وكانت الشدة المستخدمة من (75ـ95%) من اقصى مقدرة لحارس المرمى وقد استخدم الباحث النبض لتحديد الشدة في التمرين، وبلغ زمن الوحدة التدريبية الواحدة (14ـ 20) دقيقة واستخدم الباحثان جزء من القسم الرئيس من الوحدة التدريبية والخاص بالجانب المهاري. وتم استخدام البرنامج الاحصائي (SPSS) لمعالجة البيانات احصائيا، واستنتج الباحثان تحقق عينة البحث تطورا معنوياً في مهارات (مسك الكرات العالية الارتفاع من فوق الراس، ابعاد (لكم) الكرات العالية الارتفاع من فوق الراس)، كذلك ان الية بناء التمرينات المركبة وتنظيمها كان له دو إيجابي لتطوير المهارات لدى عينة البحث، ويوصي الباحثان تعميم التمرينات المعدة بأسلوب (CrossFit) على الأندية الرياضية لغرض الإفادة منه في اعداد الاعبين الشباب في رياضة كرة القدم

Management of Small Aortic Root during Aortic Valve Replacement

Background: Concomitant aortic root enlargement (ARE) increases the risk of aortic valve replacement (AVR). The objectives of this study were to identify the patients who needed aortic root enlargement and compare the outcomes and the risk of adding ARE to AVR. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 62 patients who underwent isolated mechanical aortic valve replacement between 2017 and 2019. We divided the patients into two groups: group A included patients with small aortic root who had AVR with one of the different surgical strategies for small aortic annulus (n= 32) and group B, which included patients with a normal aortic annulus and underwent conventional AVR (n= 30). Group A was further sub-divided based on the surgical strategy into 4 categories; patients who had supra-annular implantation of size 19 mm St. Jude prosthetic valve (n= 11; 34.4%), Nicks procedure (n= 13 40.6%), Manougian procedure (n= 4; 12.5%), Konno procedure (n= 4; 12.5%).  Results: Group A patients were significantly younger (26.16 ± 11.49 vs. 34.63 ± 8.9 years; p< 0.001) and had lower body weight (55.09 ± 21.41 vs. 69.80 ± 19.20; p= 0.01). Group A had significantly smaller valves (p = 0.03), and total cardiopulmonary bypass (148.65 ± 44.09 vs. 97.46 ± 20.90 minutes; p<0.001) and aortic cross-clamp times (118.13 ± 36.70 vs. 78.06 ± 16.01 minutes; p < 0.001) were significantly longer in group A. There was no significant difference in operative complications between groups. Among patients with small aortic root; Konno procedure had the longest bypass time (236.3 ± 19.70 minutes; p<0.001); cross-clamp time (192.5 ± 22.2 minutes; p <0.001); mechanical ventilation (4.75 ± 0.50 hours; p<0.001) and intensive care unit stay (6.50 ± 0.57 days; p <0.001). Patients with supra-annular implantation of the St. Jude valve had a significantly higher postoperative pressure gradient (14.64 ± 6.84 mmHg; p= 0.02). No difference in procedure complications was observed among aortic root enlargement procedures. Conclusion: Patients who had aortic root enlargement procedure were younger, with lower weight and body surface area. Surgical procedures used to manage small aortic root had comparable early results, and no technique was superior to the others

American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System: History, Development, Reliability, and Its Future

The American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA PS) classification has long been used as a ranking system that quantifies patient health before anaesthesia and surgery. When initially developed, the ASA PS intended application was purely statistical. However, nowadays it is commonly used by surgical specialties to determine a patient’s likelihood of developing postoperative complications, despite studies reporting scoring method subjectivity and inconsistencies among anaesthesiologists in assigning these scores. Over the years, the ASA PS classifications have undergone many changes and modifications to address its limitations. There are a few points to be discussed if all shortcomings are to be treated and interobserver variability is to be limited

Building a Criterion-Referenced Test in Measurement and Evaluation and Determining Its Cut-Off Score by Several Methods

The current study aimed to build a criterion-referenced test in measurement and evaluation and determine its cut-off score by several methods. The primary test form had 45 items, which a group of professors and measurement and evaluation experts reviewed; their comments and feedback were taken into account, and the final test form had 40 items. The test has been presented to 174 university students to examine its psychometric characteristics. Multiple statistical techniques were later performed using the SPSS program, and the results show that the discrimination and difficulty coefficients ranged from 0.36 to 0.82. Additionally, the test reliability was calculated using the Kuder-Richardson -20 and Spilt half statistical methods, and the concurrent validity was 0.76. The results showed that the value of the Kuder-Richardson -20 method was 0.81, while the value of the Spilt-Half method was 0.79. Finally, the cut-off score has been calculated using four methods, and the results indicate that the Angoff method value was 65%, the Nedelsky method was 64%, the contrasting groups’ method was 68%, and the criterion groups’ method was 62%. Keywords: criterion-referenced test, measurement, and evaluation, university student, the cut-off score. DOI: 10.7176/JEP/14-1-06 Publication date: January 31st 202

An Application of Knowledge-based System

Summary This paper presents an implementation of Information processing system for the social relationships as knowledge-based system and concentrating in the use of problem reduction methodology for solving problem through the implementation of the inference engine of the knowledge-based system. The search technique is Depth-First-Search with backtracking of PROLOG language. Therefore, PROLOG language is used for the implementation of the system and the problem reduction method is used to solve the problem of asking queries in subset of English language, as subset of query language, and get the answers in English language too. The implementation presents new methods for representing the facts associated with the family in the knowledge base and prove that this method is efficient in term of storage and process. The system can be used in the Humanoid Robotics to present the capabilities of using natural language

Effect of Nursing Care Guided by Roy’s Adaptation Model on Self-Evaluation of Women After Caesarean Section

Postpartum caesarean section is a critical time in the women life. During that time, the women need physical and psychological care as well as guidance for healthy practices for their health and newborns.  Aim: The study aimed to assess the effect of nursing care guided by Roy’s adaptation model on self-evaluation of women after caesarean section. Methods: A quasi-experimental design with pre and post-test was utilized.  Sample: A purposive sample of 60 women after caesarean section. Setting: The study was carried out at University and Teaching Hospital at Shebin El-Kom. instruments: An interviewing questionnaire,  postpartum follow-up form and post-partum self-evaluation questionnaire Results: There was a highly statistically significant improvement in the post intervention than the pre intervention regarding of puerperium problems and adaptation after cesarean section after implementation of Roy’s adaptation model (P < 0.001) Conclusions: The implementation of Roy’s adaptation model assisted  in stopping the majority of puerperium issues after cesarean section. The difference between most complaints was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05; p < 0.001) during the week of data collection. Recommendations: Roy’s adaptation model will be helpful if included incorporated as essential part of routine postpartum care. Keywords: Roy’s adaptation model, caesarean section, self-evaluation of women after caesarean section DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/67-05 Publication date:October 31st 2019

Modelling of electroluminescence in polymeric material using dimensional analysis : effect of applied voltage and frequency

Electroluminescence (EL) method has been used by several researchers to observe the behavior of an aged polymeric material. EL is a phenomenon that occurs when the atoms of a material are being excited due to the application of and external high electrical stresses. The changes in the energy level of these excitation states can be used as an indicator for the initiation of electrical ageing. There are several factors that affect the behavior of EL emission such as, among others, applied voltage, applied frequency, ageing of material and types of materials and gases used are discussed in this paper. A mathematical approach relating these factors and the intensity of EL is proposed through the aid of Dimensional Analysis method A close relationship is obtained between experimental and simulation that suggests this mathematical approach can be utilized as a tool to predict electrical ageing of insulation material

أثر القيادة األخالقية لمديري المدارس ومساعديهم في سلوك المواطنة التنظيمية في مدارس سلطنة عمان: من وجهة نظر المشرفين والمعلمين= The impact of ethical leadership for school principals and their assistants on organizational citizenship behavior in the sultanate of Oman schools: supervisors and teachers perspectives

The study aimed to discuss the level of availability of moral leadership among educational leaders represented by school principals and their assistants, the degree to which teachers practice organizational citizenship behavior, and the extent to which the moral leadership of principals and their assistants influence the behavior of organizational citizenship. The descriptive analytical method was adopted. The study population consisted of (1640) supervisors and (129221) teachers. A stratified random sample of (380) educational supervisors and teachers was selected, according to the Stephen Thompson equation. The researcher developed two questionnaires by making use of the theoretical literature; The ethical leadership questionnaire consisted of (58) phrases distributed in (4) domains. A questionnaire on organizational citizenship behavior of (53) phrases distributed in (5) domains. Statistical methods: descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, Cronbach's alpha coefficient analysis, multiple linear regression analysis. The findings revealed that; the overall average degree of moral leadership for school principals and their assistants was significantly high. The human relations domain came first, then the teamwork, then ethical management qualities. And finally personal moral qualities: All the (5) domains of the organizational citizenship behavior's questionnaire Was in a high degree as well, where the civility domain ranked first, followed by the conscience awareness domain, then the altruism domain. The dimensions of ethical leadership combined; Significantly related to the dependent variable organizational citizenship behavior, with a strong and positive correlation coefficient (0.688), and these dimensions explain (47.4%) of the dependent variable

Imperial Power and Dictatorship: Britain and the Rise of Reza Shah, 1921-1926

Born in obscurity about 1878 and soon orphaned, Reza Pahlavi enlisted at fifteen in a Russian-officered Cossack brigade. Rising through the ranks, he provided force for a February 1921 coup d\u27etat, seizing power for journalist Sayyid Zia alDin Tabatabai. Reza Khan provided strength in the new government and rose from army commander to minister of war (April 1921) to prime minister (1923) and, after failing to make a republic in 1924, to the throne in 1925. As shah he ruled with increasingly arbitrary power until Britain and Russia deposed him in 1941. He died in exile in 1944.1 This paper examines British activity in Iran during Reza\u27s rise to the throne and analyzes the longstanding belief that Britain made Reza shah of Iran. Within the context of Iranian and British history it tracks British involvement in the coup that first brought Reza to power and explores the policy of Sir Percy Loraine, British minister in Tehran, 1921-26. It shows that Britain did less than is believed by those who accept the myth, but more than London thought at the time: British aid to the coup was a key to its success, and aid to Reza helped him survive; Loraine\u27s policy of good relations and nonintervention was part of the process by which Reza came to dominate Iran