Cytogenetic Estimation of Broccoli Extract on Dexamethasone Treated Mice

The current study was intended to evaluate the active compounds found in hydro-alcoholic extract of Brassica oleracea var. italica(broccoli), also to estimates the percentage of chromosomal aberrations (CAs) ,mitotic index (MI) and micronuclei (MN) formation in mouse bone marrow cells .The mice were divided into, negative group received (0.2 ml of  Distilled Water)intraperitoneally ,positive group I was given single dose of dexamethasone (0.4 mg/kg for 24 h) and positive group II (acute toxicity assay) administrated with (0.2 ml) of  high level dose (800 mg/kg) of extract for 5 days. Interaction groups treated with  different doses of extract (50,100,200,400 and 600 mg/kg) for 5 days in addition to a single ( 0.4 mg/kg) of dexamethasone per each dose of extract. High level dose (800mg/kg) of broccoli extract had show null genotoxicity for bone marrow cells of mouse. Dexamethasone showed significant effects (P< 0.05)  in reducing mitotic index and increased chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei  in mouse bone marrow cells (in vivo). Broccoli extract significantly increased MI and reduced (CA ,MN) (P< 0.05) especially at does (400 mg/kg). Keywords- mitotic index, Micronuclei formation ,Chromosomal aberrations , Dexamethasone, Brassica oleracea var. italica (broccoli), hydro-alcoholic extract

Melatonin can enhancement p53 concentration and decrease micronucleus production rate in albino mice

Melatonin, as an endogenous hormone, is associated with the moderation of the circadian rhythm. Besides controlling the sleep-wake cycle, many physiological functions of melatonin have been identified, such as antioxidant, immune modulating, and anti-inflammatory. The current study was designed to estimate the effect of different doses of melatonin on gene expression of (p53) in serum and micronucleus (MN) in bone marrow stem cells as cytogenetic test. This investigation was conducted at a Research laboratory in the Department of Biology, College of Science, Wasit University and was designed to evaluate the rate of micronucleus (MN) formation as a cytogenetic test and the level of protein p53 as a serological test. Melatonin (5, 10&15) mg/kg was used for seven consecutive days to know their influence on the parameters before mentioned. Results showed a significantly increased in gene expression (protein) of p53 at P≤0.05 for all three doses of melatonin that were used. While Micronucleus production significant decrease at P≤0.05 for the same doses above of melatonin, when all results above were compared with the control group.&nbsp

Decreasing TNFα in serum and increasing mitotic index rate in albino mice treated with melatonin

Melatonin, as an endogenous hormone, is associated with the moderation of the circadian rhythm. Besides controlling the sleep-wake cycle, many physiological functions of melatonin have been identified, such as antioxidant, immune modulating, and anti-inflammatory. The current study was designed to estimate the effect of different doses of melatonin on gene expression of (TNF) in serum and mitotic index (MI)  in bone marrow stem cells as cytogenetic test. This study was conducted at Wasit University, College of Science, Department of Biology, Cytogenetic Laboratory, from the period 2/11/2021 to 14/4/2022 using albino mice. The mice were divided into four groups, a control group and three groups divided according to melatonin concentration (5, 10, &15 mg/kg), and were treated for seven consecutive days for every dose.  Results showed a significant decrease in gene expression (protein) of TNF α- at P≤0.05 for all three doses of melatonin that were used and mitotic index numbers increased at P≤0.05 for the same doses above of melatonin, when all results above were compared with the control group.&nbsp

Applying RT-PCR standard detection procedures of HBV and HCV in Wasit blood bank

Background: Blood and blood products are a unique and precious resource because they can be obtained only from individuals who donate blood or its components. Aim of the study: To increase the safety of blood given to patients by evaluating the addition of new investigations to detect HBV and HCV of donated blood in the blood bank. Patients and Methods: this study included 150 samples of blood taken from the blood bags of donors from the blood bank /Wasit Province. In this study used ELISA (as serological method) & RT-PCR (as molecular method) to detect infection with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus. Results: The results of ELISA test, from 150 analyzed samples, only 6/150 (4.0%) of the patients were diagnosed infection by HCV and 1/150 (0.6%) infection by HBV. The results of PCR test, (4.0%) and (5.3%) for HCV C and HBV respectively. Conclusion:  Diagnosis of hepatitis virus (B, C) by ELISA is still sufficient

Reconsiderations with basic viral tests in Wasit blood bank: CMV and EBV as an examples

Background: Blood donation is a procedure of collecting blood from a screened person who must follow the strict guidelines in the country where peoples lived. Aim of the study: To increase the safety of blood given to patients by evaluating the addition of new investigations to detect CMV and EBV infection of donated blood in the blood bank in Wasit Governorate. Patients and Methods: This study included 150 samples of blood taken from blood bags of donors from blood bank /Wasit Province. In this study used ELISA used only for detect infection with CMV and Real-Time PCR were used to detect infections with CMV and EBV. Results: The results of ELISA from 150 analyzed samples only 30/150 (20%) of the patients were diagnosed infection by CMV. While the results of RT-PCR 50/150 (33.3%) for the same virus, and the results of RT-PCR 13/150 (8.7%) for EBV. Conclusion: The guideline of blood and blood product donation should be reviewed to keep up the updated guideline of WHO to provide more suitable medical services to community