Flexible Electrode Design: Fabrication of Freestanding Polyaniline-Based Composite Films for High-Performance Supercapacitors

Polyaniline (PANI) is a promising pseudocapacitance electrode material. However, its structural instability leads to low cyclic stability and limited rate capability which hinders its practical applications. In view of the limitations, flexible PANI-based composite films are developed to improve the electrochemical performance of electrode materials. We report in the research a facile and cost-effective approach for fabrication of a high-performance supercapacitor (SC) with excellent cyclic stability and tunable energy and power densities. SC electrode containing a very high mass loading of active materials is a flexible film of PANI, tissue wiper-based cellulose, graphite-based exfoliated graphite (ExG), and silver nanoparticles with potential applications in wearable electronics. The optimum preparation weight ratios of silver nitrate/aniline and ExG/aniline used in the research are estimated to be 0.18 and 0.65 (or higher), respectively. Our results show that an ultrahigh capacitance of 3.84 F/cm² (240.10 F/g) at a discharge rate of 5 mA can be achieved. In addition, our study shows that the power density can be increased from 1531.3 to 3000 W/kg by selecting the weight ratio of ExG/aniline to be more than 0.65, with a sacrifice in the energy density. The obtained promising electrochemical properties are found to be mainly attributed to an effective combination of PANI, ExG, cushiony cellulose scaffold, and silver as well as the porosity of the composite

Gum Sensor: A Stretchable, Wearable, and Foldable Sensor Based on Carbon Nanotube/Chewing Gum Membrane

Presented in this work is a novel and facile approach to fabricate an elastic, attachable, and cost-efficient carbon nanotube (CNT)-based strain gauge which can be efficiently used as bodily motion sensors. An innovative and unique method is introduced to align CNTs without external excitations or any complicated procedure. In this design, CNTs are aligned and distributed uniformly on the entire chewing gum by multiple stretching and folding technique. The current sensor is demonstrated to be a linear strain sensor for at least strains up to 200% and can detect strains as high as 530% with a high sensitivity ranging from 12 to 25 and high durability. The gum sensor has been used as bodily motion sensors, and outstanding results are achieved; the sensitivity is quite high, capable of tracing slow breathing. Since the gum sensor can be patterned into various forms, it has wide applications in miniaturized sensors and biochips. Interestingly, we revealed that our gum sensor has the ability to monitor humidity changes with high sensitivity and fast resistance response capable of monitoring human breathing

Manipulable Permeability of Nanogel Encapsulation on Cells Exerts Protective Effect against TNF-α-Induced Apoptosis

Cell encapsulation using microgel and nanogel, as a strategy of cell surface engineering, can mimic the niches of cells and organoids. The established niche that seasons cells and tissues for the controllable development underlies the superiority of encapsulation on cells. Encapsulation by layer-by-layer nanogel coating is a bottom-up simulation of extracellular matrices via nano- or micropackaging of cells in a multiscale way. We report the nanogel encapsulation on individual neuronal cell for a basic study and application of permeability tuning to regulate cells’ apoptosis. Gelatin and hyaluronic acid (HA) are applied for encapsulating PC12 cells. The permeability of encapsulation on cells can be managed by adjusting different parameters such as material concentration, layer thickness and environmental pH. Eventually, permeability of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is controlled by tuning encapsulating parameters for blocking the interaction with TNF-receptor 1, so that cell apoptosis is inhibited. In short, nanogel encapsulation exhibits controllable permeability to different molecules and exerts screen effect on TNF-α for protection. This technique holds great potential in basic biological research and translational research, for example, the protection of transplanted cells against apoptotic factors in target areas

Manipulable Permeability of Nanogel Encapsulation on Cells Exerts Protective Effect against TNF-α-Induced Apoptosis

Cell encapsulation using microgel and nanogel, as a strategy of cell surface engineering, can mimic the niches of cells and organoids. The established niche that seasons cells and tissues for the controllable development underlies the superiority of encapsulation on cells. Encapsulation by layer-by-layer nanogel coating is a bottom-up simulation of extracellular matrices via nano- or micropackaging of cells in a multiscale way. We report the nanogel encapsulation on individual neuronal cell for a basic study and application of permeability tuning to regulate cells’ apoptosis. Gelatin and hyaluronic acid (HA) are applied for encapsulating PC12 cells. The permeability of encapsulation on cells can be managed by adjusting different parameters such as material concentration, layer thickness and environmental pH. Eventually, permeability of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is controlled by tuning encapsulating parameters for blocking the interaction with TNF-receptor 1, so that cell apoptosis is inhibited. In short, nanogel encapsulation exhibits controllable permeability to different molecules and exerts screen effect on TNF-α for protection. This technique holds great potential in basic biological research and translational research, for example, the protection of transplanted cells against apoptotic factors in target areas

Manipulable Permeability of Nanogel Encapsulation on Cells Exerts Protective Effect against TNF-α-Induced Apoptosis

Cell encapsulation using microgel and nanogel, as a strategy of cell surface engineering, can mimic the niches of cells and organoids. The established niche that seasons cells and tissues for the controllable development underlies the superiority of encapsulation on cells. Encapsulation by layer-by-layer nanogel coating is a bottom-up simulation of extracellular matrices via nano- or micropackaging of cells in a multiscale way. We report the nanogel encapsulation on individual neuronal cell for a basic study and application of permeability tuning to regulate cells’ apoptosis. Gelatin and hyaluronic acid (HA) are applied for encapsulating PC12 cells. The permeability of encapsulation on cells can be managed by adjusting different parameters such as material concentration, layer thickness and environmental pH. Eventually, permeability of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is controlled by tuning encapsulating parameters for blocking the interaction with TNF-receptor 1, so that cell apoptosis is inhibited. In short, nanogel encapsulation exhibits controllable permeability to different molecules and exerts screen effect on TNF-α for protection. This technique holds great potential in basic biological research and translational research, for example, the protection of transplanted cells against apoptotic factors in target areas

Manipulable Permeability of Nanogel Encapsulation on Cells Exerts Protective Effect against TNF-α-Induced Apoptosis

Cell encapsulation using microgel and nanogel, as a strategy of cell surface engineering, can mimic the niches of cells and organoids. The established niche that seasons cells and tissues for the controllable development underlies the superiority of encapsulation on cells. Encapsulation by layer-by-layer nanogel coating is a bottom-up simulation of extracellular matrices via nano- or micropackaging of cells in a multiscale way. We report the nanogel encapsulation on individual neuronal cell for a basic study and application of permeability tuning to regulate cells’ apoptosis. Gelatin and hyaluronic acid (HA) are applied for encapsulating PC12 cells. The permeability of encapsulation on cells can be managed by adjusting different parameters such as material concentration, layer thickness and environmental pH. Eventually, permeability of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is controlled by tuning encapsulating parameters for blocking the interaction with TNF-receptor 1, so that cell apoptosis is inhibited. In short, nanogel encapsulation exhibits controllable permeability to different molecules and exerts screen effect on TNF-α for protection. This technique holds great potential in basic biological research and translational research, for example, the protection of transplanted cells against apoptotic factors in target areas

Supplementary document for Glucose sensing based on hydrogel grating incorporating phenylboronic acid groups - 6162183.pdf

The FTIR spectroscopy of polyacrylamide hydroge

The Effect of Layer-by-Layer Assembly Coating on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells

Nanocoating of a single-cell with biocompatible materials creates a defined microenvironment for cell differentiation and proliferation, as well as a model for studies in cell biology. In addition, the acidic environment in the tissue of stroke victims necessitates drug release upon pH stimuli. Here, we report the encapsulation of single neural stem cells (NSCs) using a layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique with polyelectrolytes gelatin and alginate. Analysis of the NSCs showed that the LbL encapsulation would not affect the viability, proliferation, or differentiation of the cells. When insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) was loaded on the coating material alginate, its release from alginate into the medium presented in a time-dependent and pH-dependent way. IGF-1 significantly enhanced the proliferation of the encapsulated NSCs, demonstrating a drug-carrier function of the LbL single-cell nanocoating. It provided a potential treatment strategy for nervous system disorders such as stroke

Additional file 1 of Aligned nanofibrous collagen membranes from fish swim bladder as a tough and acid-resistant suture for pH-regulated stomach perforation and tendon rupture

Additional file 1: Supplementary Fig. S1. PGA with highly complex structure under SEM. Supplementary Fig. S2. Two other crosslinking methods. Supplementary Fig. S3. The detailed process of fabricating DCDS suture with standardization. Supplementary Fig. S4. The tensile strength of double-layers swim bladder with and without crosslinking

Additional file 1: of Synthesis of graphene oxide-quaternary ammonium nanocomposite with synergistic antibacterial activity to promote infected wound healing

Table S1. The conjugated GO-QAS nanocomposites reaction yields and estimated mass fraction of GO and QAS in the nanocomposites; Figure S1. Evaluation of antibacterial activity of GO and GO-QAS against E. coli and S. aureus by agar diffusion assay; Figure S2. Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of GO-QAS against MRSA and MDR-AB; Figure S3. Plate count method results of E. coli and S. aureus after incubation with different concentrations of GO, QAS, and GO-QAS dispersions. Figure S4. Photograph of GO and GO-QAS nanosheets dispersed in different aqueous solutions without sonication. An additional file shows these data [see Additional file 1]. (DOC 10857 kb