Antineoplastic activities of MT81 and its structural analogue in ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing swiss albino mice

Many fungal toxins exhibit in vitro and in vivo antineoplastic effects on various cancer cell types. Luteoskyrin, a hydroxyanthraquinone has been proved to be a potent inhibitor against Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. The comparative antitumor activity and antioxidant status of MT81 and its structural analogue [Acetic acid-MT81 (Aa-MT81)] having polyhydroxyanthraquinone structure were assessed against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC ) tumor in mice. The in vitro cytotoxicity was measured by the viability of EAC cells after direct treatment of the said compounds. In in vivo study, MT81 and its structural analogue were administered (i.p.) at the two different doses (5, 7 mg MT81; 8.93, 11.48 mg Aa-MT81/kg body weight) for 7 days after 24 hrs. of tumor inoculation. The activities were assessed using mean survival time (MST), increased life span (ILS), tumor volume, viable tumor cell count, peritoneal cell count, protein percentage and hematological parameters. Antioxidant status was determined by malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH ) content, and by the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CA T). MT81 and its structural analogues increased the mean survival time, normal peritoneal cell count. They decreased the tumor volume, viable tumor cell count, hemoglobin percentage and packed cell volume. Differential counts of WBC, total counts of RBC & WBC that altered by EAC inoculation, were restored in a dose-dependent manner. Increased MDA and decreased GSH content and reduced activity of SOD, and catalase in EAC bearing mice were returned towards normal after the treatment of MT81 and its structural analogue. Being less toxic than parent toxin MT81, the structural analogue showed more prominent antineoplastic activities against EAC cells compared to MT81. At the same time, both compounds exhibit to some extent antioxidant potential for the EAC-bearing mice

Evaluation of Antihyperglycemic Activity of Citrus limetta Fruit Peel in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

The present paper aims to evaluate antihyperglycemic activity of methanol extract of Citrus limetta fruit peel (MECL) in streptozotocin-induced (STZ; 65 mg/kg b.w.) diabetic rats. Three days after STZ induction, diabetic rats received MECL orally at 200 and 400 mg kg−1 body weight daily for 15 days. Glibenclamide (0.5 mg kg−1 p. o.) was used as reference drug. Blood glucose levels were measured on 0th, 4th, 8th, and 15th days of study. Serum biochemical parameters namely, SGOT, SGPT and ALP were estimated. The TBARS and GSH levels of pancreas, kidney, and liver were determined. MECL significantly (P < 0.001) and dose dependently normalized blood glucose levels and serum biochemical parameters, decreased lipid peroxidation, and recovered GSH as compared to those of STZ control. The present paper infers that in STZ-induced diabetic Wistar rats, C. limetta fruit peel demonstrated a potential antihyperglycemic effect which may be attributed to its antioxidant property

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

In Vitro Lipid Peroxidation and Antimicrobial Activity of Mucuna pruriens Seeds

The present investigation is aimed to carry out the in vitro lipid peroxidation and antimicrobial activities of the methanol extract of Mucuna pruriens (MEMP) (Family: Fabaceae) seeds. Lipid peroxidation was monitored by the change in optical density of the prepared concentrations (10-320 μg/ml) and the % inhibition was calculated. Ascorbate/FeSO4-induced peroxidation was inhibited by standard antioxidants such as quercetin, L-ascorbic acid and MEMP. Moreover, the % inhibition of the methanol extract increased with increase in concentration. IC50 value for the MEMP, L-ascorbic acid and quercetin for lipid peroxidation was found to be 217.25 μg/ml, 41 μg/ml and 19.75 μg/ml respectively. The antimicrobial activity of MEMP was determined by disc diffusion method with various Gram positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. MEMP showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against all the tested microorganisms except Staphylococcus aureus ML 152 and Vibrae cholera 14035. The results obtained in the present study indicate that MEMP can be a potential source of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agent

Antitumor Activity and in vivo Antioxidant Status of Mucuna pruriens (Fabaceae) Seeds against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma in Swiss Albino Mice

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the antitumor effect and antioxidant role of Mucuna pruriens (Family: Fabaceae) against EAC bearing Swiss albino mice. The effect of methanol extract of Mucuna pruriens (MEMP) on tumor growth and host's survival time was studied by the following parameters: tumor volume, packed cell volume, viable and non-viable cell count and life span of the host. MEMP was administered at a 125 and 250mg/kg b.w. once a day for 14 days, after 24 h of tumor inoculation. Decrease in tumor volume, packed cell volume, and viable cell count were observed in MEMP treated animals when compared to EAC treated animals. Treatment with MEMP at a dose of 125 and 250mg/kg increased the mean survival time to 29.5 ± 0.55 and 34 ± 0.2 days respectively. The extract also decreased the body weight of the EAC tumor bearing mice. Hematological studies reveal that the Hb content was decreased in EAC treated mouse, whereas restoration to near normal levels was observed in extract treated animals. There was a significant decrease in RBC count and increase in WBC counts in extract treated animals when compared to EAC treated animals. The study was also extended to estimate the liver biochemical parameters such as LPO, GSH, and antioxidant enzymes like SOD, CAT etc. Treatment with MEMP decreased the levels of lipid peroxidation and increased the levels of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). The results suggest that the methanol extract of Mucuna pruriens seeds exhibits significant antitumor and antioxidant effects in EAC bearing mice

<span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:black;mso-ansi-language:EN-IN;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN;mso-bidi-language: HI" lang="EN-IN">CNS activity of <i>Vitex negundo </i>Linn. in mice</span>

143-146Methanolic extract (ME) of the leaves of V. negundo potentiated significantly the sleeping time induced by pentobarbitone sodium, diazepam and chlorpromazine in mice. ME possesses analgesic properties and potentiated analgesia induced by morphine and pethidine. ME also showed significant protection against strychnine and leptazole induced convulsions. The results suggest that ME exhibits CNS depressant activity in a dose dependent manner